Prognostic factors in patients with carcinoma in situ treated with intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 285 - 290
• Main Authors: Andius, Patrik, Damm, Ole, Holmäng, Sten
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basingstoke Informa UK Ltd 2004; Taylor & Francis; Taylor and Francis
• Subjects: Administration, Intravesical; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; bacille Calmette-Guérin; BCG Vaccine - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Biopsy, Needle; bladder cancer; carcinoma in situ; Carcinoma in Situ - drug therapy; Carcinoma in Situ - mortality; Carcinoma in Situ - pathology; Confidence Intervals; Cystoscopy; Disease-Free Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Medical sciences; MEDICIN; MEDICINE; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Survival Analysis; Sweden; Treatment Outcome; Tumors of the urinary system; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - drug therapy; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - mortality; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology; Urinary system involvement in other diseases. Miscellaneous; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; Sweden; Human; Nephrology; Urinary system disease; Prognosis; Carcinoma in situ; BCG; Malignant tumor; Urinary tract disease; Bladder cancer; Urology; Treatment; Bladder disease; bacille Calmette-Guérin
• ISSN: 0036-5599; 1651-2065; 1651-2065
• DOI: 10.1080/00365590410028692

Objective: To report prognostic factors and follow-up data for an unselected group of patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary bladder treated with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Material and Methods: The clinical records of patients with CIS treated with BCG were reviewed. All 173 patients treated between 1986 and 1997 in four hospitals in two Swedish cities were included. The median follow-up period was 72 months (range 6-154 months). The impact of 18 variables on the times to recurrence and progression was studied using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Results: No pre-treatment variables, including type of CIS and T1G3 tumour, had prognostic value in terms of time to progression. The result of the first cystoscopy had a very strong prognostic importance: 44% of patients with a positive first cystoscopy progressed in stage, 59% were BCG failures and 35% died from urothelial cancer. The corresponding values for patients with a negative first cystoscopy were 11%, 18% and 8%. Fourteen patients (8%) were diagnosed with an upper urinary tract tumour but no variable had prognostic significance. The diagnoses of the upper urinary tract tumours were evenly distributed during follow-up. Conclusions: We were not able to predict which patients would respond favourably to BCG. Cystectomy should be strongly considered even after a positive first cystoscopy. The accumulated incidence of patients with bladder CIS and a subsequent upper urinary tract tumour is rather high but it is questionable whether the prognosis will improve if routine follow-up urographies are performed.