Acute Shift in Glutamate Concentrations Following Experimentally Induced Panic with Cholecystokinin Tetrapeptide—A 3T-MRS Study in Healthy Subjects

• Published in: Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 38; no. 9; pp. 1648 - 1654
• Main Authors: Zwanzger, Peter, Zavorotnyy, Maxim, Gencheva, Elena, Diemer, Julia, Kugel, Harald, Heindel, Walter, Ruland, Tillmann, Ohrmann, Patricia, Arolt, Volker, Domschke, Katharina, Pfleiderer, Bettina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basingstoke Nature Publishing Group 01.08.2013
• Subjects: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Anxiety disorders; Anxiety disorders. Neuroses; Benzodiazepines; Biological and medical sciences; Brain research; Creatine - metabolism; Functional Neuroimaging; Glutamic Acid - metabolism; Glutamine - metabolism; Gyrus Cinguli - metabolism; Heart Rate; Hormones; Humans; Hydrocortisone - blood; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Neurobiology; Original; Panic attacks; Panic disorder; Panic Disorder - blood; Panic Disorder - chemically induced; Panic Disorder - metabolism; Pathogenesis; Pituitary-Adrenal System - metabolism; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Psychotherapy; Signal transduction; Spectrum analysis; Tetragastrin; Germany; Human; panic attacks; Panic; Healthy subject; Induction; Central nervous system; Anxiety disorder; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Experimental study; Glutamate; Neuropeptide; Encephalon; Cingulate cortex; Panic attack; Excitatory aminoacid; Neurotransmitter; Anxiety; Cholecystokinin; CCK-4; anterior cingulate cortex

According to preclinical studies, glutamate has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety. In order to elucidate the role of glutamate in anxiety and panic in humans, brain glutamate+glutamine (Glx) levels were measured during cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide (CCK-4)-induced panic using magnetic re...