Combining Chemistry and Engineering for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Nano-Scale and Smaller Therapies

Primary liver cancer, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major worldwide cause of death from carcinoma. Most patients are not candidates for surgery and medical therapies, including new immunotherapies, have not shown major improvements since the modest benefit seen with the introduction of sor...

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Published inPharmaceutics Vol. 12; no. 12; p. 1243
Main Authors Stolley, Danielle L, Crouch, Anna Colleen, Özkan, Aliçan, Seeley, Erin H, Whitley, Elizabeth M, Rylander, Marissa Nichole, Cressman, Erik N K
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 20.12.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Ablation
Artificial intelligence
Cancer therapies
Catheters
Cell division
cirrhosis
Drugs
Embolization
Fever
Hepatitis
hepatocellular carcinoma
Hyperthermia
Liver cancer
Liver diseases
Liver transplants
microfluidics
Mortality
Patients
Review
Success
transarterial chemoembolization
Tumors
mass spectrometry imaging
hyperthermia
ablation
transarterial chemoembolization
microfluidics
cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma
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Abstract Primary liver cancer, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major worldwide cause of death from carcinoma. Most patients are not candidates for surgery and medical therapies, including new immunotherapies, have not shown major improvements since the modest benefit seen with the introduction of sorafenib over a decade ago. Locoregional therapies for intermediate stage disease are not curative but provide some benefit. However, upon close scrutiny, there is still residual disease in most cases. We review the current status for treatment of intermediate stage disease, summarize the literature on correlative histopathology, and discuss emerging methods at micro-, nano-, and pico-scales to improve therapy. These include transarterial hyperthermia methods and thermoembolization, along with microfluidics model systems and new applications of mass spectrometry imaging for label-free analysis of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
AbstractList Primary liver cancer, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major worldwide cause of death from carcinoma. Most patients are not candidates for surgery and medical therapies, including new immunotherapies, have not shown major improvements since the modest benefit seen with the introduction of sorafenib over a decade ago. Locoregional therapies for intermediate stage disease are not curative but provide some benefit. However, upon close scrutiny, there is still residual disease in most cases. We review the current status for treatment of intermediate stage disease, summarize the literature on correlative histopathology, and discuss emerging methods at micro-, nano-, and pico-scales to improve therapy. These include transarterial hyperthermia methods and thermoembolization, along with microfluidics model systems and new applications of mass spectrometry imaging for label-free analysis of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Author Özkan, Aliçan
Seeley, Erin H
Rylander, Marissa Nichole
Cressman, Erik N K
Whitley, Elizabeth M
Crouch, Anna Colleen
Stolley, Danielle L
AuthorAffiliation 3 Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Alican.Ozkan@wyss.harvard.edu
2 Interventional Radiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; accrouch@mdanderson.org (A.C.C.); emwhitley@mdanderson.org (E.M.W.)
4 Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; erin.seeley@utexas.edu
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Danielle.stolley@austin.utexas.edu (D.L.S.); mnr@austin.utexas.edu (M.N.R.)
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Keywords mass spectrometry imaging
hyperthermia
ablation
transarterial chemoembolization
microfluidics
cirrhosis
hepatocellular carcinoma
Language English
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Snippet Primary liver cancer, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major worldwide cause of death from carcinoma. Most patients are not candidates for surgery and...
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SubjectTerms Ablation
Artificial intelligence
Cancer therapies
Catheters
Cell division
cirrhosis
Drugs
Embolization
Fever
Hepatitis
hepatocellular carcinoma
Hyperthermia
Liver cancer
Liver diseases
Liver transplants
microfluidics
Mortality
Patients
Review
Success
transarterial chemoembolization
Tumors
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Title Combining Chemistry and Engineering for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Nano-Scale and Smaller Therapies
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