Human host determinants influencing the outcome of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections

Summary Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importa...

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Published in	Parasite immunology Vol. 33; no. 8; pp. 438 - 447
Main Authors	BUCHETON, B., MacLEOD, A., JAMONNEAU, V.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.08.2011
Subjects	African trypanosomiasis Animal models Animals Apolipoprotein L1 Apolipoproteins - genetics asymptomatic carriers Cattle Cytokines - genetics Cytokines - immunology Data processing Disease Models, Animal Epidemiology genetic factors Genetic Variation History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Human African trypanosomiasis Humans Immunity, Innate Infection Lipoproteins, HDL - genetics Mice Parasites Review Trypanosoma - immunology Trypanosoma - pathogenicity Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Trypanosomiasis, African - epidemiology Trypanosomiasis, African - history Trypanosomiasis, African - immunology Trypanosomiasis, African - parasitology Trypanosomiasis, African - transmission trypanotolerance Tsetse Flies - parasitology
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Abstract	Summary Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies.
AbstractList	Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense , the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies. Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies. Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies.Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies. Summary Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies. Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies. Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that infection by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense , the causative agent of HAT, results in a wide range of outcomes in its human host and importantly that a number of subjects in endemic areas are apparently able to control infection to low levels, undetectable by the classical parasitological tests used in the field. Thus, trypanotolerance seems to occur in humans as has already been described in cattle or in the rodent experimental models of infection. This review focuses on the description of the diversity of outcomes resulting from T. b. gambiense in humans and on the host factors involved. The consequences/impacts on HAT epidemiology resulting from this diversity are also discussed with regard to implementing sustainable HAT control strategies.
Author	BUCHETON, B. MacLEOD, A. JAMONNEAU, V.
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BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385185$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Summary Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue... Since first identified, human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness has been described as invariably fatal. Increasing data however argue that...
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SubjectTerms	African trypanosomiasis Animal models Animals Apolipoprotein L1 Apolipoproteins - genetics asymptomatic carriers Cattle Cytokines - genetics Cytokines - immunology Data processing Disease Models, Animal Epidemiology genetic factors Genetic Variation History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Human African trypanosomiasis Humans Immunity, Innate Infection Lipoproteins, HDL - genetics Mice Parasites Review Trypanosoma - immunology Trypanosoma - pathogenicity Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Trypanosomiasis, African - epidemiology Trypanosomiasis, African - history Trypanosomiasis, African - immunology Trypanosomiasis, African - parasitology Trypanosomiasis, African - transmission trypanotolerance Tsetse Flies - parasitology
Title	Human host determinants influencing the outcome of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections
URI	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3024.2011.01287.x https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21385185 https://www.proquest.com/docview/887504735 https://www.proquest.com/docview/888101665 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC3427891
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