Plasma Free Amino Acid Profiles Predict Four-Year Risk of Developing Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, Dyslipidemia and Hypertension in Japanese Population

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 5; no. 1; p. 11918
• Main Authors: Yamakado, Minoru, Nagao, Kenji, Imaizumi, Akira, Tani, Mizuki, Toda, Akiko, Tanaka, Takayuki, Jinzu, Hiroko, Miyano, Hiroshi, Yamamoto, Hiroshi, Daimon, Takashi, Horimoto, Katsuhisa, Ishizaka, Yuko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 09.07.2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 49; 692/163/2743/2037; 692/53/2423; 692/699/1702/393; 692/700/139/2818; Aged; Amino acids; Amino Acids - blood; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Cluster Analysis; Cohort Studies; Correlation coefficient; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - blood; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - blood; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology; Female; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Hyperinsulinemia; Hypertension; Hypertension - blood; Hypertension - epidemiology; Insulin; Japan - epidemiology; Lifestyles; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Metabolome; Metabolomics - methods; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Odds Ratio; Public Health Surveillance; Regression analysis; Risk; Risk factors; Science; Time Factors
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep11918

Plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profile is highlighted in its association with visceral obesity and hyperinsulinemia and future diabetes. Indeed PFAA profiling potentially can evaluate individuals’ future risks of developing lifestyle-related diseases, in addition to diabetes. However, few studies have been performed especially in Asian populations, about the optimal combination of PFAAs for evaluating health risks. We quantified PFAA levels in 3,701 Japanese subjects and determined visceral fat area (VFA) and two-hour post-challenge insulin (Ins120 min) values in 865 and 1,160 subjects, respectively. Then, models between PFAA levels and the VFA or Ins120 min values were constructed by multiple linear regression analysis with variable selection. Finally, a cohort study of 2,984 subjects to examine capabilities of the obtained models for predicting four-year risk of developing new-onset lifestyle-related diseases was conducted. The correlation coefficients of the obtained PFAA models against VFA or Ins120 min were higher than single PFAA level. Our models work well for future risk prediction. Even after adjusting for commonly accepted multiple risk factors, these models can predict future development of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia. PFAA profiles confer independent and differing contributions to increasing the lifestyle-related disease risks in addition to the currently known factors in a general Japanese population.