Interleukin-6 as a Predictor of Subclinical Chorioamnionitis in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 235–240 Problem One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of t...
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| Published in | American journal of reproductive immunology (1989) Vol. 67; no. 3; pp. 235 - 240 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2012
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| Abstract | Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 235–240
Problem One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin‐6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM.
Method of study A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL‐6 levels were determined by solid‐phase sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France).
Results The mean serum IL‐6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL (P = 0.001). Mean serum IL‐6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001).
Conclusion Maternal serum IL‐6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL‐6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. |
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| AbstractList | Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin-6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 235-240 Problem One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin-6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM. Method of study A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by solid-phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France). Results The mean serum IL-6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48+/-2.7pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86+/-14.5pg/mL (P=0.001). Mean serum IL-6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98+/-3.9pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09+/-16.8pg/ml (P<0.001). Conclusion Maternal serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL-6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin-6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM.PROBLEMOne of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin-6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM.A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by solid-phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France).METHOD OF STUDYA total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by solid-phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France).The mean serum IL-6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL (P = 0.001). Mean serum IL-6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001).RESULTSThe mean serum IL-6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL (P = 0.001). Mean serum IL-6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001).Maternal serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL-6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta.CONCLUSIONMaternal serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL-6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 235–240 Problem One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin‐6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM. Method of study A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL‐6 levels were determined by solid‐phase sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France). Results The mean serum IL‐6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL ( P = 0.001). Mean serum IL‐6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml ( P < 0.001). Conclusion Maternal serum IL‐6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL‐6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin-6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM. A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL-6 levels were determined by solid-phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France). The mean serum IL-6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL (P = 0.001). Mean serum IL-6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001). Maternal serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL-6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67: 235–240 Problem One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant chorioamnionitis is evolving and decide timely delivery of the fetus. Measuring interleukin‐6 levels in maternal serum can be useful for the identification of asymptomatic intrauterine infections in subjects with PPROM. Method of study A total of 75 pregnant women, of which 45 pregnant women presenting with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks gestation and 30 healthy pregnant women without PPROM, were included in the study. Serum IL‐6 levels were determined by solid‐phase sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Diaclone Research, Besancon, France). Results The mean serum IL‐6 value at admission in the control group was 2.48 ± 2.7 pg/mL and in the study group was 11.86 ± 14.5 pg/mL (P = 0.001). Mean serum IL‐6 concentrations at admission in subjects without histological chorioamnionitis were 3.98 ± 3.9 pg/mL and in those who had histological chorioamnionitis were 20.09 ± 16.8 pg/ml (P < 0.001). Conclusion Maternal serum IL‐6 levels were significantly elevated in subjects with PPROM with infectious morbidity as compared to those without infectious morbidity in the present study. There was a significant rise in maternal serum IL‐6 levels with increased duration of rupture of membranes and with evidence of histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis in the placenta. |
| Author | Raghunandan, Chitra Bhattacharjee, Jayashree Gulati, Shilpa Bhatnagar, Sonu |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023383$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1017/S0965539504001238 10.1080/14767050701752601 10.1067/mob.2001.117680 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4 10.1055/s-0030-1249366 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01385.x 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.063 10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00747.x 10.1016/0002-9378(95)90028-4 10.1002/mrdd.10008 10.1097/01.AOG.0000250474.35369.12 10.1056/NEJM200005183422007 10.1016/S0020-7292(02)00238-2 |
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| References | Yoon BH, Romero R, Kim CJ, Jun JK, Gomez R, Choi JH, Syn HC: Amniotic fluid interleukin-6: a sensitive test for antenatal diagnosis of acute inflammatory lesions of preterm placenta and prediction of perinatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 172:960-970. Shim SS, Yoon BH, Romero R, Hong JS, Kim G, Sohn YK: The frequency and clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:S83. Goncalves LF, Chaiworapongsa T, Romero R: Intrauterine infection and prematurity. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2002; 8:3-13. Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R: Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet 2008; 371:75-84. Mc Parland PC, Bell SC: The fetal membranes and mechanisms underlying their labour associated and pre-labour rupture during pregnancy. Fetal Matern Med Rev 2004; 15:73-108. Shaarawy M, Shobokshi A: Maternal serum and amniotic fluid cytokines in patients with PPROM with and without intrauterine infection. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2002; 79:209-215. Yoon BH, Romero R, Moon JB, Shim SS, Kim M, Kim G, Jun K: Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185:1130-1136. Holst RM, Laurini R, Jacobsson B, Samuelsson E, Savman K, Doverhag C, Wennerholm UB, Hagbug H: Expression of cytokines and chemokines in cervical and amniotic fluid: relationship to histological chorioamnionitis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2007; 20:885-893. Trochez-Martinez RD, Smith P, Lamont RF: Use of C-reactive protein as a predictor of chorioamnionitis in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: a systematic review. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 114:796-801. Veleminsky M, Tosner J: Relationship of vaginal microflora to PROM, pPROM and the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2008; 29:205-221. Hatzidaki E, Gourgiotis D, Manoura A, Korakaki E, Bossios A, Galanakis E, Giannakopoulou C: Interleukin-6 in preterm premature rupture of membranes as an indicator of neonatal outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005; 84:632-638. Goldberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW: Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:1500-1507. Noor S, Nazar AF, Bashir R, Sultana R: Prevalence of PPROM and its outcome. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2007; 19:14-17. Murtha AP, Sinclair T, Hauser ER, Swamy GK, Herbert WNP, Heine RP: Maternal serum cytokines in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109:121-127. Sorokin Y, Romero R, Mele L, Wapner RJ, Iams JD, Dudley DJ, Spong CY, Peaceman AM, Leveno KJ, Harper M, Caritis SN, Miodovnik M, Mercer BM, Thorp JM, O' Sullivan MJ, Ramin SM, Carpenter MW, Rouse DJ, Sibai B: Maternal serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations as risk factors for preterm birth <32 weeks and adverse neonatal outcomes. Am J Perinatol 2010; 27:631-640. 2007; 114 2007; 19 2010; 27 2001; 185 2008; 29 2004; 15 2002; 79 2002; 8 2005; 84 2000; 342 1992 2007; 20 2007; 109 2003; 189 2008; 371 1995; 172 e_1_2_5_14_2 e_1_2_5_13_2 e_1_2_5_9_2 e_1_2_5_8_2 e_1_2_5_7_2 e_1_2_5_10_2 e_1_2_5_6_2 e_1_2_5_5_2 e_1_2_5_12_2 e_1_2_5_4_2 e_1_2_5_11_2 e_1_2_5_3_2 Naeye RL (e_1_2_5_15_2) 1992 e_1_2_5_17_2 Noor S (e_1_2_5_2_2) 2007; 19 Veleminsky M (e_1_2_5_16_2) 2008; 29 |
| References_xml | – reference: Noor S, Nazar AF, Bashir R, Sultana R: Prevalence of PPROM and its outcome. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2007; 19:14-17. – reference: Holst RM, Laurini R, Jacobsson B, Samuelsson E, Savman K, Doverhag C, Wennerholm UB, Hagbug H: Expression of cytokines and chemokines in cervical and amniotic fluid: relationship to histological chorioamnionitis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2007; 20:885-893. – reference: Goldberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW: Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:1500-1507. – reference: Goncalves LF, Chaiworapongsa T, Romero R: Intrauterine infection and prematurity. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2002; 8:3-13. – reference: Yoon BH, Romero R, Kim CJ, Jun JK, Gomez R, Choi JH, Syn HC: Amniotic fluid interleukin-6: a sensitive test for antenatal diagnosis of acute inflammatory lesions of preterm placenta and prediction of perinatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 172:960-970. – reference: Hatzidaki E, Gourgiotis D, Manoura A, Korakaki E, Bossios A, Galanakis E, Giannakopoulou C: Interleukin-6 in preterm premature rupture of membranes as an indicator of neonatal outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005; 84:632-638. – reference: Sorokin Y, Romero R, Mele L, Wapner RJ, Iams JD, Dudley DJ, Spong CY, Peaceman AM, Leveno KJ, Harper M, Caritis SN, Miodovnik M, Mercer BM, Thorp JM, O' Sullivan MJ, Ramin SM, Carpenter MW, Rouse DJ, Sibai B: Maternal serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations as risk factors for preterm birth <32 weeks and adverse neonatal outcomes. Am J Perinatol 2010; 27:631-640. – reference: Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R: Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet 2008; 371:75-84. – reference: Mc Parland PC, Bell SC: The fetal membranes and mechanisms underlying their labour associated and pre-labour rupture during pregnancy. Fetal Matern Med Rev 2004; 15:73-108. – reference: Trochez-Martinez RD, Smith P, Lamont RF: Use of C-reactive protein as a predictor of chorioamnionitis in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: a systematic review. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 114:796-801. – reference: Murtha AP, Sinclair T, Hauser ER, Swamy GK, Herbert WNP, Heine RP: Maternal serum cytokines in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 109:121-127. – reference: Veleminsky M, Tosner J: Relationship of vaginal microflora to PROM, pPROM and the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2008; 29:205-221. – reference: Shaarawy M, Shobokshi A: Maternal serum and amniotic fluid cytokines in patients with PPROM with and without intrauterine infection. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2002; 79:209-215. – reference: Shim SS, Yoon BH, Romero R, Hong JS, Kim G, Sohn YK: The frequency and clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:S83. – reference: Yoon BH, Romero R, Moon JB, Shim SS, Kim M, Kim G, Jun K: Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. 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| Snippet | Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of... Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin‐6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of... One of the major challenges faced by the clinicians in preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is to correctly identify when a significant... Citation Gulati S, Bhatnagar S, Raghunandan C, Bhattacharjee J. Interleukin-6 as a predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis in preterm premature rupture of... |
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| SubjectTerms | C-reactive protein Chorioamnionitis Chorioamnionitis - blood Chorioamnionitis - immunology Chorioamnionitis - pathology Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Female Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture - blood Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture - immunology Fetuses Gestation Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature, Diseases - blood Infant, Premature, Diseases - immunology Infection interleukin Interleukin 6 Interleukin-6 - blood Interleukin-6 - immunology Morbidity Placenta Pregnancy premature rupture of membranes preterm delivery Rupture |
| Title | Interleukin-6 as a Predictor of Subclinical Chorioamnionitis in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes |
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