Muscles Involved in Naris Dilation and Nose Motion in Rat
ABSTRACT In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle...
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Published in | Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) Vol. 298; no. 3; pp. 546 - 553 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
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Abstract | ABSTRACT
In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle raises the nose and deflects it laterally towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In alert head‐restrained rats, electromyographic recordings of muscle dilator nasi reveal that it is active during nose motion rather than nares dilation. Together these results suggest an alternative role for the muscle dilator nasi in directing the nares for active odor sampling rather than dilating the nares. We suggest that dilation of the nares results from contraction of muscles of the maxillary division of muscle nasolabialis profundus. This muscle group attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of these muscles exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outward, thus dilating the naris, and drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostrally to produce a slight retraction of the vibrissae. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle dilator nasi of the rat should be re‐named muscle deflector nasi, and that the maxillary parts of muscle nasolabialis profundus should be referred to as muscle dilator nasi. Anat Rec, 298:546–553, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
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AbstractList | ABSTRACT
In a number of mammals muscle
dilator nasi (naris)
has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle raises the nose and deflects it laterally towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In alert head‐restrained rats, electromyographic recordings of muscle
dilator nasi
reveal that it is active during nose motion rather than nares dilation. Together these results suggest an alternative role for the muscle dilator nasi in directing the nares for active odor sampling rather than dilating the nares. We suggest that dilation of the nares results from contraction of muscles of the maxillary division of muscle
nasolabialis profundus
. This muscle group attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of these muscles exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outward, thus dilating the naris, and drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostrally to produce a slight retraction of the vibrissae. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle
dilator nasi
of the rat should be re‐named muscle
deflector nasi
, and that the maxillary parts of muscle
nasolabialis profundus
should be referred to as muscle
dilator nasi
. Anat Rec, 298:546–553, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle raises the nose and deflects it laterally towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In alert head-restrained rats, electromyographic recordings of muscle dilator nasi reveal that it is active during nose motion rather than nares dilation. Together these results suggest an alternative role for the muscle dilator nasi in directing the nares for active odor sampling rather than dilating the nares. We suggest that dilation of the nares results from contraction of muscles of the maxillary division of muscle nasolabialis profundus. This muscle group attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of these muscles exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outward, thus dilating the naris, and drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostrally to produce a slight retraction of the vibrissae. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle dilator nasi of the rat should be re-named muscle deflector nasi, and that the maxillary parts of muscle nasolabialis profundus should be referred to as muscle dilator nasi. In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) is known as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle lifts the nose and deflects it sideway towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In the head-fixed alert rat, electromyographic activity of muscle dilator nasi is tightly coupled to nose motion, not to opening of the nares. Yet, contraction of muscle dilator nasi occurs during the pre-inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle, suggesting a role in sniffing and sampling odorants. We also show that opening of the nares results from contraction of pars maxillaris profunda of the muscle nasolabialis profundus. This muscle attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of this muscle exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outwardly, thus dilating the naris, and it drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostralward, provoking a slight retraction of the whiskers. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle dilator nasi of the rat be renamed muscle deflector nasi, and that pars maxillaris profunda of the muscle nasolabialis profundus be named muscle dilator nasi. ABSTRACT In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle raises the nose and deflects it laterally towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In alert head‐restrained rats, electromyographic recordings of muscle dilator nasi reveal that it is active during nose motion rather than nares dilation. Together these results suggest an alternative role for the muscle dilator nasi in directing the nares for active odor sampling rather than dilating the nares. We suggest that dilation of the nares results from contraction of muscles of the maxillary division of muscle nasolabialis profundus. This muscle group attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of these muscles exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outward, thus dilating the naris, and drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostrally to produce a slight retraction of the vibrissae. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle dilator nasi of the rat should be re‐named muscle deflector nasi, and that the maxillary parts of muscle nasolabialis profundus should be referred to as muscle dilator nasi. Anat Rec, 298:546–553, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in rats the tendon of this muscle inserts into the aponeurosis above the nasal cartilage. Electrical stimulation of this muscle raises the nose and deflects it laterally towards the side of stimulation, but does not change the size of the nares. In alert head-restrained rats, electromyographic recordings of muscle dilator nasi reveal that it is active during nose motion rather than nares dilation. Together these results suggest an alternative role for the muscle dilator nasi in directing the nares for active odor sampling rather than dilating the nares. We suggest that dilation of the nares results from contraction of muscles of the maxillary division of muscle nasolabialis profundus. This muscle group attaches to the outer wall of the nasal cartilage and to the plate of the mystacial pad. Contraction of these muscles exerts a dual action: it pulls the lateral nasal cartilage outward, thus dilating the naris, and drags the plate of the mystacial pad rostrally to produce a slight retraction of the vibrissae. On the basis of these results, we propose that muscle dilator nasi of the rat should be re-named muscle deflector nasi, and that the maxillary parts of muscle nasolabialis profundus should be referred to as muscle dilator nasi. Anat Rec, 298:546-553, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
Author | Demers, Maxime Haidarliu, Sebastian Ahissar, Ehud Moore, Jeffrey Kleinfeld, David Deschênes, Martin |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City G1J 2G3, Canada 2 Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 3 Department of Physics and Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City G1J 2G3, Canada – name: 2 Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel – name: 3 Department of Physics and Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Martin surname: Deschênes fullname: Deschênes, Martin organization: Faculty of Medicine, Laval University – sequence: 2 givenname: Sebastian surname: Haidarliu fullname: Haidarliu, Sebastian organization: the Weizmann Institute of Science – sequence: 3 givenname: Maxime surname: Demers fullname: Demers, Maxime organization: Faculty of Medicine, Laval University – sequence: 4 givenname: Jeffrey surname: Moore fullname: Moore, Jeffrey organization: University of California at San Diego – sequence: 5 givenname: David surname: Kleinfeld fullname: Kleinfeld, David organization: University of California at San Diego – sequence: 6 givenname: Ehud surname: Ahissar fullname: Ahissar, Ehud organization: the Weizmann Institute of Science |
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Cites_doi | 10.1002/jmor.10666 10.1017/S0952836903004692 10.1007/BF00522707 10.1002/jmor.1050830202 10.2307/1005513 10.1288/00005537-198301000-00009 10.1163/156853964X00030 10.1002/ar.22501 10.1023/A:1021340012925 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90728-5 10.1002/ar.21156 10.1002/1096-9861(20010115)429:3<372::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-3 10.1002/jmor.1051370104 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5008-07.2008 |
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In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here... In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show... ABSTRACT In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) has been described as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here... In a number of mammals muscle dilator nasi (naris) is known as a muscle that reduces nasal airflow resistance by dilating the nostrils. Here we show that in... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals dilator nasi facial muscles Male Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Nose - anatomy & histology Nose - physiology nose movement Rats, Wistar respiration upper airway |
Title | Muscles Involved in Naris Dilation and Nose Motion in Rat |
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