Prefrontal Dopaminergic and Enkephalinergic Synaptic Accommodation in HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders and Encephalitis

Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)...

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Published inJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology Vol. 7; no. 3; pp. 686 - 700
Main Authors Gelman, Benjamin B., Lisinicchia, Joshua G., Chen, Tianshen, Johnson, Kenneth M., Jennings, Kristofer, Freeman, Daniel H., Soukup, Vicki M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Boston Springer US 01.09.2012
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
AIDS
AIDS Dementia Complex - drug therapy
AIDS Dementia Complex - metabolism
AIDS Dementia Complex - pathology
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - methods
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain
Cell Biology
Cognition
Cognition Disorders - drug therapy
Cognition Disorders - metabolism
Cognition Disorders - pathology
Cortex
Cortex (prefrontal)
Dopamine
Dopamine receptors
Encephalitis
Encephalitis - drug therapy
Encephalitis - metabolism
Encephalitis - pathology
Enkephalins - biosynthesis
Female
Hand
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - metabolism
HIV Infections - pathology
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Immunology
Interferon regulatory factor 1
Male
Middle Aged
mRNA
Neuropathology
Neurosciences
Neurotransmitters
Opioids
Original
Original Article
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Plasticity (synaptic)
Prefrontal Cortex - drug effects
Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism
Prefrontal Cortex - pathology
Preproenkephalin
Protein Precursors - biosynthesis
Receptors, Dopamine D2 - biosynthesis
Sampling
Synapses
Synapses - drug effects
Synapses - metabolism
Synapses - pathology
Synaptic transmission
Virology
Opiate
HIVE
Dopamine receptor
Enkephalin
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Synaptic plasticity
Opioid
HAND
Interferon regulatory factor
HIV encephalitis
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA ( PENK ) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA ( IRF1 ). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA ( DRD2L ) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression. Conclusion: Dysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.
AbstractList Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA ( PENK ) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA ( IRF1 ). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA ( DRD2L ) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression. Conclusion: Dysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.
Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA (PENK) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA (IRF1). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA (DRD2L) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression.UNLABELLEDChanges in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA (PENK) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA (IRF1). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA (DRD2L) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression.Dysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.CONCLUSIONDysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.
Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA (PENK) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA (IRF1). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA (DRD2L) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression. Conclusion: Dysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.
Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A postmortem survey was conducted to determine if mRNAs involved in synaptic transmission are perturbed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in subjects with HIVE or HAND. Expression of the opioid neurotransmitter preproenkephalin mRNA (PENK) was significantly decreased in a sampling of 446 brain specimens from HIV-1 infected people compared to 67 HIV negative subjects. Decreased DLPFC PENK was most evident in subjects with HIVE and/or increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA (IRF1). Type 2 dopamine receptor mRNA (DRD2L) was decreased significantly, but not in the same set of subjects with PENK dysregulation. DRD2L downregulation occurred primarily in the subjects without HIVE or neurocognitive impairment. Subjects with neurocognitive impairment often failed to significantly downregulate DRD2L and had abnormally high IRF1 expression. Dysregulation of synaptic preproenkephalin and DRD2L in frontal neocortex can occur with and without neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected people. Downregulation of DRD2L in the prefrontal cortex was associated with more favorable neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes; the failure to downregulate DRD2L was significantly less favorable. PENK downregulation was related neuropathologically to HIVE, but was not related to neuropsychological outcome independently. Emulating endogenous synaptic plasticity pharmacodynamically could enhance synaptic accommodation and improve neuropsychological and neuropathological outcomes in HIV/AIDS.
Author Freeman, Daniel H.
Gelman, Benjamin B.
Soukup, Vicki M.
Chen, Tianshen
Johnson, Kenneth M.
Jennings, Kristofer
Lisinicchia, Joshua G.
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  fullname: Gelman, Benjamin B.
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  fullname: Lisinicchia, Joshua G.
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  organization: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch
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  givenname: Kenneth M.
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  organization: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical Branch
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  surname: Soukup
  fullname: Soukup, Vicki M.
  organization: Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22391864$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2012
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology is a copyright of Springer, 2012.
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Issue 3
Keywords Opiate
HIVE
Dopamine receptor
Enkephalin
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Synaptic plasticity
Opioid
HAND
Interferon regulatory factor
HIV encephalitis
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
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Snippet Changes in synapse structure occur in frontal neocortex with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) and may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A...
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SubjectTerms Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
AIDS
AIDS Dementia Complex - drug therapy
AIDS Dementia Complex - metabolism
AIDS Dementia Complex - pathology
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active - methods
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain
Cell Biology
Cognition
Cognition Disorders - drug therapy
Cognition Disorders - metabolism
Cognition Disorders - pathology
Cortex
Cortex (prefrontal)
Dopamine
Dopamine receptors
Encephalitis
Encephalitis - drug therapy
Encephalitis - metabolism
Encephalitis - pathology
Enkephalins - biosynthesis
Female
Hand
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - metabolism
HIV Infections - pathology
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Humans
Immunology
Interferon regulatory factor 1
Male
Middle Aged
mRNA
Neuropathology
Neurosciences
Neurotransmitters
Opioids
Original
Original Article
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Plasticity (synaptic)
Prefrontal Cortex - drug effects
Prefrontal Cortex - metabolism
Prefrontal Cortex - pathology
Preproenkephalin
Protein Precursors - biosynthesis
Receptors, Dopamine D2 - biosynthesis
Sampling
Synapses
Synapses - drug effects
Synapses - metabolism
Synapses - pathology
Synaptic transmission
Virology
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Title Prefrontal Dopaminergic and Enkephalinergic Synaptic Accommodation in HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders and Encephalitis
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