Education based on the theory of planned behavior to improve medication regimen adherence, hope and marital quality in patients with substance use disorder

• Published in: BMC public health Vol. 24; no. 1; pp. 3173 - 10
• Main Authors: Kamyab, Amirhossein, Bijani, Mostafa, Jormand, Hanieh, Harsini, Pooyan Afzali, Jeihooni, Ali Khani
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central 14.11.2024; BioMed Central Ltd; BMC
• Subjects: Addiction treatment; Addictions; Addictive behaviors; Analysis; Attitudes; Biostatistics; Buprenorphine; Care and treatment; Communication skills; Complications and side effects; Data collection; Disorders; Drug abuse; Drug addiction; Drug use; Drugs; Education; Effectiveness; Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Husband and wife; Intervention; Likert scale; Living conditions; Marital quality; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental disorders; Mental health; Methadone; Methods; Norms; Patient compliance; Problem solving; Psychological aspects; Public Health; Quality of life; Questionnaires; Social interactions; Substance abuse; Substance abuse treatment; Substance use; Substance use disorder; Substance use disorders; Theory of planned behavior; Vaccine; Iran; Substance use disorders; Marital quality; Theory of planned behavior; Patient compliance; Addiction treatment
• ISSN: 1471-2458; 1471-2458
• DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20651-1

Background Regarding the psychosocial aspect of treating those with substance use, it is crucial for them to exhibit a capacity for personal transformation, fully utilize their remaining capabilities, and eradicate societal discrimination. We aimed to assess the efficacy of educational instruction grounded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in enhancing adherence to medication regimens, fostering hope, and improving marital quality among people with substance use disorders. Methods This study was conducted at the Rapid Addiction Closure Center in Fasa city, Iran, involving a sample of 140 patients undergoing addiction treatment with methadone and buprenorphine in 2021–2022. Subjects were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in 15 weekly educational sessions, each lasting 50 to 55 min, covering topics such as quitting strategies, social support, problem solving, communication skills, and coping mechanisms. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, TPB construct questionnaires, Miller’s Hope Survey, and the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results The study included 140 individuals receiving treatment for addiction. No differences were seen among the two groups in education, occupation, marital status, and living conditions before the intervention. However, six months later, the intervention group showed improvements in attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, medication regimen adherence, hope, and marital quality compared to controls. Conclusion The results indicate that family-based educational interventions grounded in TPB are effective in improving medication regimen adherence, hope, and marital quality among patients with substance use disorders. Significant increases in attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention positively impacted medication regimen adherence in these patients.