Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate in Highly Alkaline System

Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na2O–CaO–SiO2–H2O system for silicon utilization in high alumina fly ash. Structural change in C‐S‐H formed in the highly alkaline system was investigated using X...

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Published in	Journal of the American Ceramic Society Vol. 99; no. 8; pp. 2778 - 2785
Main Authors	Zhu, Ganyu, Li, Huiquan, Wang, Xingrui, Li, Shaopeng, Hou, Xinjuan, Wu, Wenfen, Tang, Qing
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Columbus Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.08.2016 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects	alkaline system Aluminum oxide Calcium silicate hydrate Calcium silicates Ceramics Chemical synthesis Conversion Degree of polymerization Fly ash high alumina fly ash Interlayers Ion exchange NMR spectroscopy Optimization Photoelectron spectroscopy Polymerization Silicon Silicon dioxide Sodium Spectra Spectrum analysis Synthesis Topology X-ray diffraction X-rays
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Abstract	Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na2O–CaO–SiO2–H2O system for silicon utilization in high alumina fly ash. Structural change in C‐S‐H formed in the highly alkaline system was investigated using XRD and 29Si MAS NMR spectra. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the amount of sodium ions in C‐S‐H. Conversion of Si may reach 99% under optimum conditions. A higher degree of polymerization of silicate was obtained at lower temperature and C/S ratio. Na+ was confirmed to exist as Na–OSi and Na–OH. The amount of Na+ is the least at C/S ratio of 1.43, which conform to the prediction of topological constraint theory. High Ca/Si ratio leads to the increasing in Na+ combined in the interlayer. Increasing in the Na+ concentration in the system also increases the amount of Na+ combined in the interlayer and reduces the polymerization. Ion exchange was proven to be an effective way to remove Na+ combined in the interlayer of C‐S‐H.
AbstractList	Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na2O–CaO–SiO2–H2O system for silicon utilization in high alumina fly ash. Structural change in C‐S‐H formed in the highly alkaline system was investigated using XRD and 29Si MAS NMR spectra. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the amount of sodium ions in C‐S‐H. Conversion of Si may reach 99% under optimum conditions. A higher degree of polymerization of silicate was obtained at lower temperature and C/S ratio. Na+ was confirmed to exist as Na–OSi and Na–OH. The amount of Na+ is the least at C/S ratio of 1.43, which conform to the prediction of topological constraint theory. High Ca/Si ratio leads to the increasing in Na+ combined in the interlayer. Increasing in the Na+ concentration in the system also increases the amount of Na+ combined in the interlayer and reduces the polymerization. Ion exchange was proven to be an effective way to remove Na+ combined in the interlayer of C‐S‐H. Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na 2 O–CaO–SiO 2 –H 2 O system for silicon utilization in high alumina fly ash. Structural change in C‐S‐H formed in the highly alkaline system was investigated using XRD and 29 Si MAS NMR spectra. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the amount of sodium ions in C‐S‐H. Conversion of Si may reach 99% under optimum conditions. A higher degree of polymerization of silicate was obtained at lower temperature and C/S ratio. Na + was confirmed to exist as Na–OSi and Na–OH. The amount of Na + is the least at C/S ratio of 1.43, which conform to the prediction of topological constraint theory. High Ca/Si ratio leads to the increasing in Na + combined in the interlayer. Increasing in the Na + concentration in the system also increases the amount of Na + combined in the interlayer and reduces the polymerization. Ion exchange was proven to be an effective way to remove Na + combined in the interlayer of C‐S‐H. Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) was conducted over the range of 50 degree C-90 degree C and C/S ratio of 0.86-2.14 in the highly alkaline Na sub(2)O-CaO-SiO sub(2)-H sub(2)O system for silicon utilization in high alumina fly ash. Structural change in C-S-H formed in the highly alkaline system was investigated using XRD and super(29)Si MAS NMR spectra. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to confirm the amount of sodium ions in C-S-H. Conversion of Si may reach 99% under optimum conditions. A higher degree of polymerization of silicate was obtained at lower temperature and C/S ratio. Na super(+) was confirmed to exist as Na-OSi and Na-OH. The amount of Na super(+) is the least at C/S ratio of 1.43, which conform to the prediction of topological constraint theory. High Ca/Si ratio leads to the increasing in Na super(+) combined in the interlayer. Increasing in the Na super(+) concentration in the system also increases the amount of Na super(+) combined in the interlayer and reduces the polymerization. Ion exchange was proven to be an effective way to remove Na super(+) combined in the interlayer of C-S-H.
Author	Tang, Qing Wang, Xingrui Hou, Xinjuan Li, Shaopeng Li, Huiquan Zhu, Ganyu Wu, Wenfen
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Notes	Fig. S1. Diagram of the desilication before soda-lime sintering process. Fig. S2. Na 1s spectra of C-S-H obtained under different conditions. (a) C/S ratio = 1.43, CNa = 81.28 g/L, (b) T = 70°C, CNa = 81.28 g/L, (a) T = 70°C, C/S ratio = 1.43. Coal Based Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanxi Province - No. MC2014-06 istex:C3C5A0801A95C3B27735A151EBFDAE53DBF94FD5 ark:/67375/WNG-NPQZV8W0-P National Natural Science Foundation of China - No. 51304184 ArticleID:JACE14242 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
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Snippet	Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na2O–CaO–SiO2–H2O... Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C‐S‐H) was conducted over the range of 50°C–90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86–2.14 in the highly alkaline Na 2 O–CaO–SiO 2 –H 2... Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) was conducted over the range of 50°C-90°C and C/S ratio of 0.86-2.14 in the highly alkaline Na2O-CaO-SiO2-H2O... Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) was conducted over the range of 50 degree C-90 degree C and C/S ratio of 0.86-2.14 in the highly alkaline Na...
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SubjectTerms	alkaline system Aluminum oxide Calcium silicate hydrate Calcium silicates Ceramics Chemical synthesis Conversion Degree of polymerization Fly ash high alumina fly ash Interlayers Ion exchange NMR spectroscopy Optimization Photoelectron spectroscopy Polymerization Silicon Silicon dioxide Sodium Spectra Spectrum analysis Synthesis Topology X-ray diffraction X-rays
Title	Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate in Highly Alkaline System
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