Community-Based Screening for Hepatitis B and C Infectivity Using Two Quantitative Antigens to Identify Endemic Townships
Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This...
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| Published in | Viruses Vol. 14; no. 2; p. 304 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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01.02.2022
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| ISSN | 1999-4915 1999-4915 |
| DOI | 10.3390/v14020304 |
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| Abstract | Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018–2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, p < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county. |
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| AbstractList | Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018-2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, p < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county.Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018-2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, p < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county. Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018–2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, p < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county. Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018–2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, p < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county. Screening and linkage to care are essential to achieve viral hepatitis elimination before 2030. The accurate identification of endemic areas is important for controlling diseases with geographic aggregation. Viral activity drives prognosis of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infection. This screening was conducted in Chiayi County from 2018-2019. All residents aged 30 years or older were invited to participate in quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) and HCV Ag screening. Among the 4010 participants (male:female = 1630:2380), the prevalence of qHBsAg and HCV Ag was 9.9% (396/4010) and 4.1% (163/4010), respectively. High-prevalence townships were identified, three for qHBsAg > 15% and two for HCV Ag > 10%. The age-specific prevalence of qHBsAg was distributed in an inverse U-shape with a peak (16.0%, 68/424) for subjects in their 40 s; for HCV, prevalence increased with age. Concentrations of qHBsAg < 200 IU/mL were found in 54% (214/396) of carriers. The rate of oral antiviral treatment for HCV was 75.5% (114/151), with subjects younger than 75 years tending to undergo treatment (85.6% vs. 57.4%, < 0.001). QHBsAg and HCV Ag core antigens can reflect the concentration of the viral load, which serves as a feasible screening tool. Using quantitative antigen screening for hepatitis B and C in community-based screening, two hyperendemic townships were identified from an endemic county. |
| Author | Tu, Chia-Ling Chang, Te-Sheng Lu, Sheng-Nan Hsu, Nien-Tzu Lin, Yu-Chen Chao, Wen-Hua Huang, Wei-Cheng Hung, Chao-Hung Kee, Kwong-Ming Chen, Po-Ju |
| AuthorAffiliation | 5 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Puzi 61363, Taiwan; gicltu@gmail.com (C.-L.T.); cgmh3621@cgmh.org.tw (T.-S.C.) 6 College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; chh4366@yahoo.com.tw (C.-H.H.); kee.kkm@gmail.com (K.-M.K.) 1 Department of Geriatric, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Puzi 61363, Taiwan; rolando@cgmh.org.tw 2 Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan; thesmartesteverseen@gmail.com 8 Taiwan National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115204, Taiwan 3 Chiayi County Health Bureau, Taibao 60044, Taiwan; cyhd235@cyshb.gov.tw (Y.-C.L.); chao624@cyshb.gov.tw (W.-H.C.) 4 Biostatistics Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan; e19911221@gmail.com 7 Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Biostatistics Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan; e19911221@gmail.com – name: 5 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Puzi 61363, Taiwan; gicltu@gmail.com (C.-L.T.); cgmh3621@cgmh.org.tw (T.-S.C.) – name: 8 Taiwan National Hepatitis C Program Office, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 115204, Taiwan – name: 1 Department of Geriatric, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Puzi 61363, Taiwan; rolando@cgmh.org.tw – name: 6 College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; chh4366@yahoo.com.tw (C.-H.H.); kee.kkm@gmail.com (K.-M.K.) – name: 2 Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan; thesmartesteverseen@gmail.com – name: 3 Chiayi County Health Bureau, Taibao 60044, Taiwan; cyhd235@cyshb.gov.tw (Y.-C.L.); chao624@cyshb.gov.tw (W.-H.C.) – name: 7 Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833253, Taiwan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Wei-Cheng surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Wei-Cheng – sequence: 2 givenname: Yu-Chen surname: Lin fullname: Lin, Yu-Chen – sequence: 3 givenname: Po-Ju orcidid: 0000-0003-1204-3027 surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Po-Ju – sequence: 4 givenname: Nien-Tzu surname: Hsu fullname: Hsu, Nien-Tzu – sequence: 5 givenname: Chia-Ling surname: Tu fullname: Tu, Chia-Ling – sequence: 6 givenname: Te-Sheng orcidid: 0000-0002-1581-6948 surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Te-Sheng – sequence: 7 givenname: Chao-Hung surname: Hung fullname: Hung, Chao-Hung – sequence: 8 givenname: Kwong-Ming orcidid: 0000-0003-4836-4252 surname: Kee fullname: Kee, Kwong-Ming – sequence: 9 givenname: Wen-Hua surname: Chao fullname: Chao, Wen-Hua – sequence: 10 givenname: Sheng-Nan surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Sheng-Nan |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2023_1269209 crossref_primary_10_3390_v15030786 crossref_primary_10_54393_pjhs_v5i05_1599 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfma_2022_03_004 crossref_primary_10_3390_v15051172 |
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| Copyright | 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2022 by the authors. 2022 |
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| Keywords | hepatitis C virus hepatitis C core antigen elimination endemic quantitative HBsAg |
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| Title | Community-Based Screening for Hepatitis B and C Infectivity Using Two Quantitative Antigens to Identify Endemic Townships |
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