Emergency Department Management of Sepsis Patients: A Randomized, Goal-Oriented, Noninvasive Sepsis Trial

Study objective The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. We examine whether using a noninvasive protocol would result in more rapid lactate clearance after 3 hours i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inAnnals of emergency medicine Vol. 67; no. 3; pp. 367 - 378.e3
Main Authors Kuan, Win Sen, MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E), Ibrahim, Irwani, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E), Leong, Benjamin S.H., MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E), Jain, Swati, MD, Lu, Qingshu, PhD, Cheung, Yin Bun, PhD, Mahadevan, Malcolm, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E)
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2016
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract Study objective The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. We examine whether using a noninvasive protocol would result in more rapid lactate clearance after 3 hours in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. Methods In this open-label randomized controlled trial, 122 adult patients with sepsis and serum lactate concentration of greater than or equal to 3.0 mmol/L were randomized to receive usual care or intravenous fluid bolus administration guided by measurements of change of stroke volume index, using the noninvasive cardiac output monitor after passive leg-raising maneuver. The primary outcome was lactate clearance of more than 20% at 3 hours. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, and total hospital cost. Analysis was intention to treat. Results Similar proportions of patients in the randomized intervention group (70.5%; N=61) versus control group (73.8%; N=61) achieved the primary outcome, with a relative risk of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 to 1.19). Secondary outcomes were similar in both groups ( P >.05 for all comparisons). Hospital mortality occurred in 6 patients (9.8%) each in the intervention and control groups on or before 28 days (relative risk=1.00; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.93). Among a subgroup of patients with underlying fluid overload states, those in the intervention group tended to receive clinically significantly more intravenous fluids at 3 hours (difference=975 mL; 95% CI –450 to 1,725 mL) and attained better lactate clearance (difference=19.7%; 95% CI –34.6% to 60.2%) compared with the control group, with shorter hospital lengths of stay (difference=–4.5 days; 95% CI –9.5 to 2.5 days). Conclusion Protocol-based fluid resuscitation of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock with the noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver did not result in better outcomes compared with usual care. Future studies to demonstrate the use of the noninvasive protocol-based care in patients with preexisting fluid overload states may be warranted.
AbstractList The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. We examine whether using a noninvasive protocol would result in more rapid lactate clearance after 3 hours in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. In this open-label randomized controlled trial, 122 adult patients with sepsis and serum lactate concentration of greater than or equal to 3.0 mmol/L were randomized to receive usual care or intravenous fluid bolus administration guided by measurements of change of stroke volume index, using the noninvasive cardiac output monitor after passive leg-raising maneuver. The primary outcome was lactate clearance of more than 20% at 3 hours. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, and total hospital cost. Analysis was intention to treat. Similar proportions of patients in the randomized intervention group (70.5%; N=61) versus control group (73.8%; N=61) achieved the primary outcome, with a relative risk of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 to 1.19). Secondary outcomes were similar in both groups (P>.05 for all comparisons). Hospital mortality occurred in 6 patients (9.8%) each in the intervention and control groups on or before 28 days (relative risk=1.00; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.93). Among a subgroup of patients with underlying fluid overload states, those in the intervention group tended to receive clinically significantly more intravenous fluids at 3 hours (difference=975 mL; 95% CI –450 to 1,725 mL) and attained better lactate clearance (difference=19.7%; 95% CI –34.6% to 60.2%) compared with the control group, with shorter hospital lengths of stay (difference=–4.5 days; 95% CI –9.5 to 2.5 days). Protocol-based fluid resuscitation of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock with the noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver did not result in better outcomes compared with usual care. Future studies to demonstrate the use of the noninvasive protocol-based care in patients with preexisting fluid overload states may be warranted.
Study objective The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. We examine whether using a noninvasive protocol would result in more rapid lactate clearance after 3 hours in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. Methods In this open-label randomized controlled trial, 122 adult patients with sepsis and serum lactate concentration of greater than or equal to 3.0 mmol/L were randomized to receive usual care or intravenous fluid bolus administration guided by measurements of change of stroke volume index, using the noninvasive cardiac output monitor after passive leg-raising maneuver. The primary outcome was lactate clearance of more than 20% at 3 hours. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, and total hospital cost. Analysis was intention to treat. Results Similar proportions of patients in the randomized intervention group (70.5%; N=61) versus control group (73.8%; N=61) achieved the primary outcome, with a relative risk of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 to 1.19). Secondary outcomes were similar in both groups ( P >.05 for all comparisons). Hospital mortality occurred in 6 patients (9.8%) each in the intervention and control groups on or before 28 days (relative risk=1.00; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.93). Among a subgroup of patients with underlying fluid overload states, those in the intervention group tended to receive clinically significantly more intravenous fluids at 3 hours (difference=975 mL; 95% CI –450 to 1,725 mL) and attained better lactate clearance (difference=19.7%; 95% CI –34.6% to 60.2%) compared with the control group, with shorter hospital lengths of stay (difference=–4.5 days; 95% CI –9.5 to 2.5 days). Conclusion Protocol-based fluid resuscitation of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock with the noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver did not result in better outcomes compared with usual care. Future studies to demonstrate the use of the noninvasive protocol-based care in patients with preexisting fluid overload states may be warranted.
STUDY OBJECTIVEThe noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. We examine whether using a noninvasive protocol would result in more rapid lactate clearance after 3 hours in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department.METHODSIn this open-label randomized controlled trial, 122 adult patients with sepsis and serum lactate concentration of greater than or equal to 3.0 mmol/L were randomized to receive usual care or intravenous fluid bolus administration guided by measurements of change of stroke volume index, using the noninvasive cardiac output monitor after passive leg-raising maneuver. The primary outcome was lactate clearance of more than 20% at 3 hours. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, and total hospital cost. Analysis was intention to treat.RESULTSSimilar proportions of patients in the randomized intervention group (70.5%; N=61) versus control group (73.8%; N=61) achieved the primary outcome, with a relative risk of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 to 1.19). Secondary outcomes were similar in both groups (P>.05 for all comparisons). Hospital mortality occurred in 6 patients (9.8%) each in the intervention and control groups on or before 28 days (relative risk=1.00; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.93). Among a subgroup of patients with underlying fluid overload states, those in the intervention group tended to receive clinically significantly more intravenous fluids at 3 hours (difference=975 mL; 95% CI -450 to 1,725 mL) and attained better lactate clearance (difference=19.7%; 95% CI -34.6% to 60.2%) compared with the control group, with shorter hospital lengths of stay (difference=-4.5 days; 95% CI -9.5 to 2.5 days).CONCLUSIONProtocol-based fluid resuscitation of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock with the noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver did not result in better outcomes compared with usual care. Future studies to demonstrate the use of the noninvasive protocol-based care in patients with preexisting fluid overload states may be warranted.
Author Jain, Swati, MD
Mahadevan, Malcolm, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E)
Lu, Qingshu, PhD
Cheung, Yin Bun, PhD
Kuan, Win Sen, MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E)
Ibrahim, Irwani, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E)
Leong, Benjamin S.H., MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E)
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  fullname: Kuan, Win Sen, MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E)
– sequence: 2
  fullname: Ibrahim, Irwani, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E)
– sequence: 3
  fullname: Leong, Benjamin S.H., MBBS, MRCSEd(A&E)
– sequence: 4
  fullname: Jain, Swati, MD
– sequence: 5
  fullname: Lu, Qingshu, PhD
– sequence: 6
  fullname: Cheung, Yin Bun, PhD
– sequence: 7
  fullname: Mahadevan, Malcolm, MBBS, FRCSEd(A&E)
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26475246$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNkUFv1DAQhS1URLeFv4DCjQMJHsexNxyQqqUUpJZWtJwtrz2pvCT21s6utPx6nG5XQpx6sj3z3hv5mxNy5INHQt4BrYCC-LiqtPc4YLwf0FaMQlPRtqJAX5AZ0FaWQgp6RGYUWlFSwfkxOUlpRSltOYNX5JgJLhvGxYy48ykGvdkVX3Ct4zigH4sr7fU9Pl5DV9ziOrlU3OjR5Ur6VJwVP7W3YXB_0H4oLoLuy-s49abnj-Cd3-rktnhw3kWn-9fkZaf7hG-ezlPy6-v53eJbeXl98X1xdlmahrKxNLXUHEUja8bbmgHOG7FsGPLGQmdtO7cwhxotR8mWrbS647YzrJt3ndBobH1K3u9z1zE8bDCNanDJYN9rj2GTFEiRI4HVMkvbvdTEkFLETq2jG3TcKaBqIq1W6h_SaiKtaKsy6ex9-zRms5x6B-cBbRYs9gLMn906jCqZzMigdRHNqGxwzxrz-b8U0zvvjO5_4w7TKmyizzQVqMQUVbfTyqeNQ0OByRrqv5GorRg
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines12020447
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajem_2017_12_010
crossref_primary_10_1097_PCC_0000000000003320
crossref_primary_10_1097_MCC_0000000000000600
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_020_2732_y
crossref_primary_10_1097_MCC_0000000000000422
crossref_primary_10_4037_ajcc2024756
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajem_2016_08_031
crossref_primary_10_1053_j_ackd_2021_06_006
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13049_017_0370_4
crossref_primary_10_1177_0885066618784861
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_annemergmed_2022_08_013
crossref_primary_10_1002_ncp_10892
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tacc_2023_101292
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_016_1403_5
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2017_016039
crossref_primary_10_1177_08850666211019713
crossref_primary_10_1097_CCM_0000000000004429
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40560_023_00655_6
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajem_2019_12_046
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40140_019_00330_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_annemergmed_2016_04_009
crossref_primary_10_1097_CCE_0000000000000015
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_annemergmed_2016_04_008
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_022_04173_z
crossref_primary_10_1001_jama_2019_6031
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40560_017_0270_8
Cites_doi 10.1016/S0002-9610(97)89552-9
10.29333/ejgm/82472
10.1053/j.jvca.2010.09.013
10.1007/s00134-007-0680-5
10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.07.031
10.1093/bja/aeq377
10.1183/09031936.00081713
10.1007/s00134-008-0994-y
10.1007/s00134-007-0640-0
10.1056/NEJMoa1401602
10.1056/NEJMoa1404380
10.1056/NEJMoa062200
10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181cb0cdc
10.1097/01.CCM.0000215453.11735.06
10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819fcf68
10.1007/s00134-010-1929-y
10.1586/eri.12.50
10.1097/CCM.0000000000000405
10.1111/acem.12179
10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c8fe7a
10.1007/s00134-010-1990-6
10.1016/j.ccc.2009.12.007
10.1186/cc7955
10.1097/CCM.0b013e31828a25fd
10.1016/j.ajem.2009.11.014
10.1513/AnnalsATS.201304-099OC
10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32835c2ba3
10.1186/cc10469
10.1056/NEJMc1406745
10.1056/NEJMra1309483
10.1056/NEJMra1208623
10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61034-3
10.1378/chest.12-0878
10.1378/chest.07-2331
10.1378/chest.121.4.1245
10.1056/NEJMoa010307
10.1097/01.CCM.0000132904.35713.A7
10.1097/CCM.0b013e31827e83af
10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60446-1
10.1016/j.annfar.2012.03.014
10.1097/MCC.0b013e3282fd6e1e
10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181971d47
10.1007/s10877-008-9112-5
10.1056/NEJMoa1500896
10.1097/01.CCM.0000166872.78449.B1
10.1111/acem.12386
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright American College of Emergency Physicians
2015 American College of Emergency Physicians
Copyright © 2015 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: American College of Emergency Physicians
– notice: 2015 American College of Emergency Physicians
– notice: Copyright © 2015 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
DOI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010
DatabaseName Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList

MEDLINE
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1097-6760
EndPage 378.e3
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_annemergmed_2015_09_010
26475246
S0196064415012731
1_s2_0_S0196064415012731
Genre Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GeographicLocations Singapore
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Singapore
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: National Medical Research Council New Investigator
  grantid: NIG11may049
– fundername: National University Health System Clinician Research
  grantid: FY2011
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
.1-
.FO
.GJ
.XZ
.~1
0R~
1B1
1CY
1P~
1RT
1~.
1~5
23M
354
3O-
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
6J9
7-5
71M
8F7
8P~
9JM
AABNK
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIKJ
AAKAS
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQQT
AAQXK
AAWTL
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYOK
ABBLC
ABBQC
ABFNM
ABFRF
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABMZM
ABOCM
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACRLP
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADMUD
ADZCM
AEBSH
AEFWE
AEKER
AENEX
AEVXI
AFCTW
AFFNX
AFJKZ
AFKWA
AFRHN
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AIVDX
AJOXV
AJRQY
AJUYK
AKRWK
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
ANZVX
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
BNPGV
C45
CAG
COF
CS3
EBS
EFJIC
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
EX3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
HDV
HMK
HMO
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
J5H
K-O
KOM
LX1
M27
M41
MO0
N4W
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OBH
OB~
ODZKP
OGIMB
OHH
OM0
OVD
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
SAE
SDF
SDG
SDP
SEL
SES
SEW
SJN
SPCBC
SSH
SSZ
T5K
TEORI
UGJ
UHS
UKR
UQY
UV1
WOW
YFH
YOC
Z5R
ZGI
ZXP
ZY1
~G-
AAIAV
ABLVK
ABYKQ
AJBFU
EFLBG
LCYCR
ZA5
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
ACRPL
ADNMO
CITATION
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-c37a4e6573249321e856b52e45d1fdd98d1813ed4e72b97daf4dfc2f8ff6aecd3
IEDL.DBID AIKHN
ISSN 0196-0644
IngestDate Fri Oct 25 07:55:08 EDT 2024
Fri Dec 06 04:21:58 EST 2024
Sat Sep 28 08:49:53 EDT 2024
Fri Feb 23 02:21:22 EST 2024
Tue Oct 15 22:55:34 EDT 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Language English
License Copyright © 2015 American College of Emergency Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c502t-c37a4e6573249321e856b52e45d1fdd98d1813ed4e72b97daf4dfc2f8ff6aecd3
Notes ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-News-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
content type line 23
PMID 26475246
PQID 1768561237
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1768561237
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_annemergmed_2015_09_010
pubmed_primary_26475246
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_annemergmed_2015_09_010
elsevier_clinicalkeyesjournals_1_s2_0_S0196064415012731
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2016-03-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2016-03-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 03
  year: 2016
  text: 2016-03-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle Annals of emergency medicine
PublicationTitleAlternate Ann Emerg Med
PublicationYear 2016
Publisher Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Inc
References Lim, Phua, Mukhopadhyay (bib47) 2014; 43
Levy, Dellinger, Townsend (bib4) 2010; 38
Mouncey, Osborn, Power (bib9) 2015; 372
Jones, Kline (bib10) 2005; 33
Puskarich, Trzeciak, Shapiro (bib46) 2013; 143
Zhang, Xu (bib17) 2014; 42
Teboul, Monnet (bib28) 2008; 14
Dellinger, Levy, Rhodes (bib6) 2013; 41
Cavallaro, Sandroni, Marano (bib39) 2010; 36
Préau, Saulnier, Dewavrin (bib38) 2010; 38
Nguyen, Kuan, Batech (bib18) 2011; 15
Geerts, de Wilde, Aarts (bib37) 2011; 25
Benomar, Ouattara, Estagnasie (bib41) 2010; 36
Yealy, Kellum, Huang (bib7) 2014; 370
Lamia, Molano, Declercq (bib42) 2010; 181
Monnet, Teboul (bib27) 2008; 34
Raval, Squara, Cleman (bib25) 2008; 22
Schulz, Grimes (bib34) 2005; 365
Marik, Cavallazzi (bib13) 2013; 41
Martin (bib2) 2012; 10
Rivers, Nguyen, Havstad (bib5) 2001; 345
Boulain, Achard, Teboul (bib30) 2002; 121
Marik, Baram, Vahid (bib12) 2008; 134
Thiel, Kollef, Isakow (bib29) 2009; 13
Wiedemann, Wheeler, Bernard (bib22) 2006; 354
Kuan, Mahadevan, Tan (bib33) 2013; 20
Jones (bib45) 2013; 20
Howell, Donnino, Clardy (bib15) 2007; 33
Montiel-Jarquín, Láscarez-Lagunas, Sánchez-Gasca (bib31) 2012; 9
Marik, Varon (bib11) 2010; 28
Peake, Delaney, Bailey (bib8) 2014; 371
Bakker, Gris, Coffernils (bib19) 1996; 171
Coz Yataco (bib36) 2014; 371
Mikkelsen, Miltiades, Gaieski (bib16) 2009; 37
Monnet, Rienzo, Osman (bib26) 2006; 34
Liu, Morehouse, Soule (bib32) 2013; 10
Adhikari, Fowler, Bhagwanjee (bib3) 2010; 376
Kraut, Madias (bib35) 2014; 371
Melot, Sebbane, Dingemans (bib23) 2012; 31
Duus, Shogilev, Skibsted (bib43) 2015; 30
Ballard, Reed, Rauchwerger (bib14) 2014; 21
Nguyen, Rivers, Knoblich (bib20) 2004; 32
Arnold, Shapiro, Jones (bib21) 2009; 32
Squara, Denjean, Estagnasie (bib24) 2007; 33
Angus, van der Poll (bib1) 2013; 369
Vernon, Letourneau (bib44) 2010; 26
Belda, Aguilar, Teboul (bib40) 2011; 106
27568429 - Ann Emerg Med. 2016 Sep;68(3):395-6
27568428 - Ann Emerg Med. 2016 Sep;68(3):394-5
Ballard (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib14) 2014; 21
Thiel (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib29) 2009; 13
Schulz (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib34) 2005; 365
Vernon (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib44) 2010; 26
Mikkelsen (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib16) 2009; 37
Raval (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib25) 2008; 22
Yealy (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib7) 2014; 370
Nguyen (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib20) 2004; 32
Lamia (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib42) 2010; 181
Squara (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib24) 2007; 33
Dellinger (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib6) 2013; 41
Peake (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib8) 2014; 371
Liu (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib32) 2013; 10
Nguyen (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib18) 2011; 15
Kuan (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib33) 2013; 20
Bakker (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib19) 1996; 171
Marik (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib11) 2010; 28
Monnet (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib27) 2008; 34
Howell (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib15) 2007; 33
Lim (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib47) 2014; 43
Duus (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib43) 2015; 30
Belda (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib40) 2011; 106
Monnet (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib26) 2006; 34
Geerts (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib37) 2011; 25
Boulain (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib30) 2002; 121
Jones (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib45) 2013; 20
Adhikari (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib3) 2010; 376
Marik (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib13) 2013; 41
Levy (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib4) 2010; 38
Puskarich (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib46) 2013; 143
Arnold (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib21) 2009; 32
Jones (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib10) 2005; 33
Wiedemann (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib22) 2006; 354
Angus (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib1) 2013; 369
Mouncey (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib9) 2015; 372
Rivers (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib5) 2001; 345
Kraut (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib35) 2014; 371
Préau (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib38) 2010; 38
Martin (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib2) 2012; 10
Teboul (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib28) 2008; 14
Montiel-Jarquín (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib31) 2012; 9
Zhang (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib17) 2014; 42
Melot (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib23) 2012; 31
Cavallaro (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib39) 2010; 36
Marik (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib12) 2008; 134
Coz Yataco (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib36) 2014; 371
Benomar (10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib41) 2010; 36
(10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib48) 2012; 2
References_xml – volume: 33
  start-page: 1892
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1899
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Clardy
– volume: 41
  start-page: 580
  year: 2013
  end-page: 637
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Rhodes
– volume: 121
  start-page: 1245
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1252
  ident: bib30
  article-title: Changes in BP induced by passive leg raising predict response to fluid loading in critically ill patients
  publication-title: Chest
  contributor:
    fullname: Teboul
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1888
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1889
  ident: bib10
  article-title: Use of goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis shock in academic emergency departments
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Kline
– volume: 371
  start-page: 2309
  year: 2014
  end-page: 2319
  ident: bib35
  article-title: Lactic acidosis
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Madias
– volume: 371
  start-page: 384
  year: 2014
  end-page: 385
  ident: bib36
  article-title: Protocol-based care for early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Coz Yataco
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1637
  year: 2004
  end-page: 1642
  ident: bib20
  article-title: Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Knoblich
– volume: 9
  start-page: 98
  year: 2012
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib31
  article-title: Lactate clearance is a prognostic factor in patients on shock state
  publication-title: Eur J Gen Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Sánchez-Gasca
– volume: 372
  start-page: 1301
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1311
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Power
– volume: 171
  start-page: 221
  year: 1996
  end-page: 226
  ident: bib19
  article-title: Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock
  publication-title: Am J Surg
  contributor:
    fullname: Coffernils
– volume: 42
  start-page: 2118
  year: 2014
  end-page: 2125
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Lactate clearance is a useful biomarker for the prediction of all-cause mortality in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Xu
– volume: 106
  start-page: 482
  year: 2011
  end-page: 486
  ident: bib40
  article-title: Complications related to less-invasive haemodynamic monitoring
  publication-title: Br J Anaesth
  contributor:
    fullname: Teboul
– volume: 376
  start-page: 1339
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1346
  ident: bib3
  article-title: Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults
  publication-title: Lancet
  contributor:
    fullname: Bhagwanjee
– volume: 143
  start-page: 1548
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1553
  ident: bib46
  article-title: Whole blood lactate kinetics in patients undergoing quantitative resuscitation for severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: Chest
  contributor:
    fullname: Shapiro
– volume: 21
  start-page: 623
  year: 2014
  end-page: 630
  ident: bib14
  article-title: Emergency physician perspectives on central venous catheterization in the emergency department: a survey-based study
  publication-title: Acad Emerg Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Rauchwerger
– volume: 38
  start-page: 367
  year: 2010
  end-page: 374
  ident: bib4
  article-title: The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Townsend
– volume: 43
  start-page: 852
  year: 2014
  end-page: 862
  ident: bib47
  article-title: IDSA/ATS minor criteria aid pre-intensive care unit resuscitation in severe community-acquired pneumonia
  publication-title: Eur Respir J
  contributor:
    fullname: Mukhopadhyay
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1670
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1677
  ident: bib16
  article-title: Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Gaieski
– volume: 10
  start-page: 701
  year: 2012
  end-page: 706
  ident: bib2
  article-title: Sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock: changes in incidence, pathogens and outcomes
  publication-title: Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther
  contributor:
    fullname: Martin
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1875
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1881
  ident: bib41
  article-title: Fluid responsiveness predicted by noninvasive bioreactance-based passive leg raise test
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Estagnasie
– volume: 28
  start-page: 243
  year: 2010
  end-page: 245
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Early goal-directed therapy: on terminal life support?
  publication-title: Am J Emerg Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Varon
– volume: 370
  start-page: 1683
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1693
  ident: bib7
  article-title: A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Huang
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1348
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1353
  ident: bib34
  article-title: Sample size calculations in randomised trials: mandatory and mystical
  publication-title: Lancet
  contributor:
    fullname: Grimes
– volume: 34
  start-page: 659
  year: 2008
  end-page: 663
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Passive leg raising
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Teboul
– volume: 181
  start-page: A4540
  year: 2010
  ident: bib42
  article-title: Non invasive prediction of volume responsiveness using bioreactance in hemodynamically unstable patients with spontaneously breathing activity
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Declercq
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1402
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1407
  ident: bib26
  article-title: Passive leg raising predicts fluid responsiveness in the critically ill
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Osman
– volume: 32
  start-page: 35
  year: 2009
  end-page: 39
  ident: bib21
  article-title: Multicenter study of early lactate clearance as a determinant of survival in patients with presumed sepsis
  publication-title: Shock
  contributor:
    fullname: Jones
– volume: 31
  start-page: 583
  year: 2012
  end-page: 590
  ident: bib23
  article-title: Use of indicators of fluid responsiveness in septic shock: a survey in public emergency departments
  publication-title: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim
  contributor:
    fullname: Dingemans
– volume: 15
  start-page: R229
  year: 2011
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Outcome effectiveness of the severe sepsis resuscitation bundle with addition of lactate clearance as a bundle item: a multi-national evaluation
  publication-title: Crit Care
  contributor:
    fullname: Batech
– volume: 38
  start-page: 819
  year: 2010
  end-page: 825
  ident: bib38
  article-title: Passive leg raising is predictive of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with severe sepsis or acute pancreatitis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Dewavrin
– volume: 20
  start-page: 344
  year: 2013
  end-page: 349
  ident: bib33
  article-title: Feasibility of introduction and implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign bundle in a Singapore emergency department
  publication-title: Eur J Emerg Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Tan
– volume: 14
  start-page: 334
  year: 2008
  end-page: 339
  ident: bib28
  article-title: Prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneous breathing activity
  publication-title: Curr Opin Crit Care
  contributor:
    fullname: Monnet
– volume: 369
  start-page: 840
  year: 2013
  end-page: 851
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: van der Poll
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1191
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1194
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Noninvasive cardiac output monitoring (NICOM): a clinical validation
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Estagnasie
– volume: 10
  start-page: 466
  year: 2013
  end-page: 473
  ident: bib32
  article-title: Fluid volume, lactate values, and mortality in sepsis patients with intermediate lactate values
  publication-title: Ann Am Thorac Soc
  contributor:
    fullname: Soule
– volume: 26
  start-page: 255
  year: 2010
  end-page: 283
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Lactic acidosis: recognition, kinetics, and associated prognosis
  publication-title: Crit Care Clin
  contributor:
    fullname: Letourneau
– volume: 25
  start-page: 48
  year: 2011
  end-page: 52
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Pulse contour analysis to assess hemodynamic response to passive leg raising
  publication-title: J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
  contributor:
    fullname: Aarts
– volume: 371
  start-page: 1496
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1506
  ident: bib8
  article-title: Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Bailey
– volume: 41
  start-page: 1774
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1781
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Does the central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? an updated meta-analysis and a plea for some common sense
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Cavallazzi
– volume: 22
  start-page: 113
  year: 2008
  end-page: 119
  ident: bib25
  article-title: Multicenter evaluation of noninvasive cardiac output measurement by bioreactance technique
  publication-title: J Clin Monit Comput
  contributor:
    fullname: Cleman
– volume: 13
  start-page: R111
  year: 2009
  ident: bib29
  article-title: Non-invasive stroke volume measurement and passive leg raising predict volume responsiveness in medical ICU patients: an observational cohort study
  publication-title: Crit Care
  contributor:
    fullname: Isakow
– volume: 345
  start-page: 1368
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1377
  ident: bib5
  article-title: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Havstad
– volume: 134
  start-page: 172
  year: 2008
  end-page: 178
  ident: bib12
  article-title: Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? a systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares
  publication-title: Chest
  contributor:
    fullname: Vahid
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1475
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1483
  ident: bib39
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of passive leg raising for prediction of fluid responsiveness in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Marano
– volume: 30
  year: 2015
  ident: bib43
  article-title: The reliability and validity of passive leg raise and fluid bolus to assess fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing emergency department patients
  publication-title: J Crit Care
  contributor:
    fullname: Skibsted
– volume: 354
  start-page: 2564
  year: 2006
  end-page: 2575
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Comparison of two fluid-management strategies in acute lung injury
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Bernard
– volume: 20
  start-page: 844
  year: 2013
  end-page: 847
  ident: bib45
  article-title: Lactate clearance for assessing response to resuscitation in severe sepsis
  publication-title: Acad Emerg Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Jones
– volume: 171
  start-page: 221
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib19
  article-title: Serial blood lactate levels can predict the development of multiple organ failure following septic shock
  publication-title: Am J Surg
  doi: 10.1016/S0002-9610(97)89552-9
  contributor:
    fullname: Bakker
– volume: 9
  start-page: 98
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib31
  article-title: Lactate clearance is a prognostic factor in patients on shock state
  publication-title: Eur J Gen Med
  doi: 10.29333/ejgm/82472
  contributor:
    fullname: Montiel-Jarquín
– volume: 25
  start-page: 48
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib37
  article-title: Pulse contour analysis to assess hemodynamic response to passive leg raising
  publication-title: J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
  doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.09.013
  contributor:
    fullname: Geerts
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1892
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib15
  article-title: Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  doi: 10.1007/s00134-007-0680-5
  contributor:
    fullname: Howell
– volume: 30
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib43
  article-title: The reliability and validity of passive leg raise and fluid bolus to assess fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing emergency department patients
  publication-title: J Crit Care
  doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.07.031
  contributor:
    fullname: Duus
– volume: 106
  start-page: 482
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib40
  article-title: Complications related to less-invasive haemodynamic monitoring
  publication-title: Br J Anaesth
  doi: 10.1093/bja/aeq377
  contributor:
    fullname: Belda
– volume: 43
  start-page: 852
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib47
  article-title: IDSA/ATS minor criteria aid pre-intensive care unit resuscitation in severe community-acquired pneumonia
  publication-title: Eur Respir J
  doi: 10.1183/09031936.00081713
  contributor:
    fullname: Lim
– volume: 34
  start-page: 659
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib27
  article-title: Passive leg raising
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-0994-y
  contributor:
    fullname: Monnet
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1191
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib24
  article-title: Noninvasive cardiac output monitoring (NICOM): a clinical validation
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  doi: 10.1007/s00134-007-0640-0
  contributor:
    fullname: Squara
– volume: 370
  start-page: 1683
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib7
  article-title: A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1401602
  contributor:
    fullname: Yealy
– volume: 371
  start-page: 1496
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib8
  article-title: Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1404380
  contributor:
    fullname: Peake
– volume: 354
  start-page: 2564
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib22
  article-title: Comparison of two fluid-management strategies in acute lung injury
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa062200
  contributor:
    fullname: Wiedemann
– volume: 38
  start-page: 367
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib4
  article-title: The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181cb0cdc
  contributor:
    fullname: Levy
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1402
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib26
  article-title: Passive leg raising predicts fluid responsiveness in the critically ill
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000215453.11735.06
  contributor:
    fullname: Monnet
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1670
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib16
  article-title: Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819fcf68
  contributor:
    fullname: Mikkelsen
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1475
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib39
  article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of passive leg raising for prediction of fluid responsiveness in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-1929-y
  contributor:
    fullname: Cavallaro
– volume: 10
  start-page: 701
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib2
  article-title: Sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock: changes in incidence, pathogens and outcomes
  publication-title: Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther
  doi: 10.1586/eri.12.50
  contributor:
    fullname: Martin
– volume: 42
  start-page: 2118
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib17
  article-title: Lactate clearance is a useful biomarker for the prediction of all-cause mortality in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000405
  contributor:
    fullname: Zhang
– volume: 20
  start-page: 844
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib45
  article-title: Lactate clearance for assessing response to resuscitation in severe sepsis
  publication-title: Acad Emerg Med
  doi: 10.1111/acem.12179
  contributor:
    fullname: Jones
– volume: 38
  start-page: 819
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib38
  article-title: Passive leg raising is predictive of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with severe sepsis or acute pancreatitis
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c8fe7a
  contributor:
    fullname: Préau
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1875
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib41
  article-title: Fluid responsiveness predicted by noninvasive bioreactance-based passive leg raise test
  publication-title: Intensive Care Med
  doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-1990-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Benomar
– volume: 26
  start-page: 255
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib44
  article-title: Lactic acidosis: recognition, kinetics, and associated prognosis
  publication-title: Crit Care Clin
  doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2009.12.007
  contributor:
    fullname: Vernon
– volume: 13
  start-page: R111
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib29
  article-title: Non-invasive stroke volume measurement and passive leg raising predict volume responsiveness in medical ICU patients: an observational cohort study
  publication-title: Crit Care
  doi: 10.1186/cc7955
  contributor:
    fullname: Thiel
– volume: 41
  start-page: 1774
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib13
  article-title: Does the central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? an updated meta-analysis and a plea for some common sense
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31828a25fd
  contributor:
    fullname: Marik
– volume: 28
  start-page: 243
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib11
  article-title: Early goal-directed therapy: on terminal life support?
  publication-title: Am J Emerg Med
  doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2009.11.014
  contributor:
    fullname: Marik
– volume: 181
  start-page: A4540
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib42
  article-title: Non invasive prediction of volume responsiveness using bioreactance in hemodynamically unstable patients with spontaneously breathing activity
  publication-title: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
  contributor:
    fullname: Lamia
– volume: 10
  start-page: 466
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib32
  article-title: Fluid volume, lactate values, and mortality in sepsis patients with intermediate lactate values
  publication-title: Ann Am Thorac Soc
  doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201304-099OC
  contributor:
    fullname: Liu
– volume: 20
  start-page: 344
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib33
  article-title: Feasibility of introduction and implementation of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign bundle in a Singapore emergency department
  publication-title: Eur J Emerg Med
  doi: 10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32835c2ba3
  contributor:
    fullname: Kuan
– volume: 15
  start-page: R229
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib18
  article-title: Outcome effectiveness of the severe sepsis resuscitation bundle with addition of lactate clearance as a bundle item: a multi-national evaluation
  publication-title: Crit Care
  doi: 10.1186/cc10469
  contributor:
    fullname: Nguyen
– volume: 371
  start-page: 384
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib36
  article-title: Protocol-based care for early septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1406745
  contributor:
    fullname: Coz Yataco
– volume: 371
  start-page: 2309
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib35
  article-title: Lactic acidosis
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1309483
  contributor:
    fullname: Kraut
– volume: 369
  start-page: 840
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib1
  article-title: Severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1208623
  contributor:
    fullname: Angus
– volume: 365
  start-page: 1348
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib34
  article-title: Sample size calculations in randomised trials: mandatory and mystical
  publication-title: Lancet
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61034-3
  contributor:
    fullname: Schulz
– volume: 143
  start-page: 1548
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib46
  article-title: Whole blood lactate kinetics in patients undergoing quantitative resuscitation for severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: Chest
  doi: 10.1378/chest.12-0878
  contributor:
    fullname: Puskarich
– volume: 134
  start-page: 172
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib12
  article-title: Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? a systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares
  publication-title: Chest
  doi: 10.1378/chest.07-2331
  contributor:
    fullname: Marik
– volume: 121
  start-page: 1245
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib30
  article-title: Changes in BP induced by passive leg raising predict response to fluid loading in critically ill patients
  publication-title: Chest
  doi: 10.1378/chest.121.4.1245
  contributor:
    fullname: Boulain
– volume: 345
  start-page: 1368
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib5
  article-title: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa010307
  contributor:
    fullname: Rivers
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib48
  article-title: KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury
  publication-title: Kidney Int Suppl
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1637
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib20
  article-title: Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000132904.35713.A7
  contributor:
    fullname: Nguyen
– volume: 41
  start-page: 580
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib6
  article-title: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31827e83af
  contributor:
    fullname: Dellinger
– volume: 376
  start-page: 1339
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib3
  article-title: Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults
  publication-title: Lancet
  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60446-1
  contributor:
    fullname: Adhikari
– volume: 31
  start-page: 583
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib23
  article-title: Use of indicators of fluid responsiveness in septic shock: a survey in public emergency departments
  publication-title: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim
  doi: 10.1016/j.annfar.2012.03.014
  contributor:
    fullname: Melot
– volume: 14
  start-page: 334
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib28
  article-title: Prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneous breathing activity
  publication-title: Curr Opin Crit Care
  doi: 10.1097/MCC.0b013e3282fd6e1e
  contributor:
    fullname: Teboul
– volume: 32
  start-page: 35
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib21
  article-title: Multicenter study of early lactate clearance as a determinant of survival in patients with presumed sepsis
  publication-title: Shock
  doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181971d47
  contributor:
    fullname: Arnold
– volume: 22
  start-page: 113
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib25
  article-title: Multicenter evaluation of noninvasive cardiac output measurement by bioreactance technique
  publication-title: J Clin Monit Comput
  doi: 10.1007/s10877-008-9112-5
  contributor:
    fullname: Raval
– volume: 372
  start-page: 1301
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib9
  article-title: Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1500896
  contributor:
    fullname: Mouncey
– volume: 33
  start-page: 1888
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib10
  article-title: Use of goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis shock in academic emergency departments
  publication-title: Crit Care Med
  doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000166872.78449.B1
  contributor:
    fullname: Jones
– volume: 21
  start-page: 623
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010_bib14
  article-title: Emergency physician perspectives on central venous catheterization in the emergency department: a survey-based study
  publication-title: Acad Emerg Med
  doi: 10.1111/acem.12386
  contributor:
    fullname: Ballard
SSID ssj0009421
Score 2.3880208
Snippet Study objective The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid...
The noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid responsiveness in...
STUDY OBJECTIVEThe noninvasive cardiac output monitor and passive leg-raising maneuver has been shown to be reasonably accurate in predicting fluid...
SourceID proquest
crossref
pubmed
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 367
SubjectTerms Aged
Critical Care - organization & administration
Disease Management
Emergency
Emergency Service, Hospital - organization & administration
Female
Fluid Therapy - methods
Hospital Costs
Hospital Mortality
Humans
Lactates - blood
Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data
Male
Middle Aged
Monitoring, Physiologic - instrumentation
Organizational Objectives
Sepsis - blood
Sepsis - mortality
Sepsis - therapy
Shock, Septic - blood
Shock, Septic - mortality
Shock, Septic - therapy
Singapore - epidemiology
Stroke Volume
Treatment Outcome
Title Emergency Department Management of Sepsis Patients: A Randomized, Goal-Oriented, Noninvasive Sepsis Trial
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0196064415012731
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.010
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26475246
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1768561237
Volume 67
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB6VVqq4IN5dHpUrcSRs4viRIC6r0rKAWBBtpd4sb2xLQZCsmi0HDvx2ZhKnCwIkJI62NHEytucbZ74ZAzzhecisqlxiuXaJKEqVLNExT1KH3Qrx2NmebbFQ8zPx5lyeb8HhmAtDtMpo-web3lvr2DON2pyu6np6QpVdUoJzSeFTyqXeQTiiWO3O7PXb-WJTe1fweC0hHp5RYBcONjQvi-aMEh0Re4joJfuqp5RP-2eY-psb2sPR8U24Ef1INhte9RZs-eY27L6LkfI7UB-NeZXsJSLORU8mZxuyC2sDO_Grru7Yh6G0aveczdhH27j2S_3Nu6fsVWs_J--pDvKamgv6cfvVEt19lDyl1XsXzo6PTg_nSbxWIalkytdJlWsrvJIafSn03jJfSLWU3AvpsuBcWThE_dw74TVfltrZIFyoeChCUNZXLr8H203b-D1gsnTapignrRTWofODAmkIBT4086KaAB-1aFZD9Qwz0so-mZ9Ub0j1Ji0Nqn4CetS3GdND0aD5Lu6uzmSm4yY1v62ACby4kvxlERnEh38Z-GCcXYObjCIntvHtJQ6IhzK6RjTXE7g_TPvV96BHqSUX6sH_Df4QrmNLDfS2R7C9vrj0j9HfWS_34dqz79l-XNU_APXrAFw
link.rule.ids 314,780,784,4502,24116,27924,27925,45585,45679
linkProvider Elsevier
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LT9wwEB4hkCgXRB_AAm2N1GPDJo4fSdULotClhS2CReJmeWNbCmqT1WbpoYf-dsZ5sEWAVIljnEycjCczn-NvxgAfaOwiLTITaCpNwJJUBGME5kFosFlgPDa6ZlsMxeCSfbviVwtw0OXCeFpl6_sbn15767al32qzP8nz_oWv7BL6cM798qnPpV5iHNEvGvXe3znPI2W03ZQQp854-TLszkleGp2ZT3PEyONpXryueeqzaR8PUk-B0DoYHa3BaosiyX7zoC9hwRavYPm0XSd_Dflhl1VJvmC8mdZUcjKnupDSkQs7qfKKnDWFVatPZJ-c68KUv_I_1nwkX0v9M_jhqyDP_OHQ_7b9rT3ZvZMcedt9A5dHh6ODQdBuqhBkPKSzIIulZlZwiUgKsVtkEy7GnFrGTeSMSRODMT-2hllJx6k02jHjMuoS54S2mYnXYbEoC7sJhKdG6hDluOZMG4Q-KBA6l-BNI8uyHtBOi2rS1M5QHansWv2jeuVVr8JUoep7IDt9qy45FN2Zrdpvq1KRqqgK1YPx78HnO8l7JqQwOvxPx7vd6Cr8xPy6iS5seYMd4pTMbyIayx5sNMN-9z6IJyWnTGw9r_P38GIwOj1RJ8fD79uwgmdEQ3TbgcXZ9Ma-ReQzG7-rLfsWTUABNQ
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Emergency+Department+Management+of+Sepsis+Patients%3A+A+Randomized%2C+Goal-Oriented%2C+Noninvasive+Sepsis+Trial&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+emergency+medicine&rft.au=Kuan%2C+Win+Sen%2C+MBBS%2C+MRCSEd%28A%26E%29&rft.au=Ibrahim%2C+Irwani%2C+MBBS%2C+FRCSEd%28A%26E%29&rft.au=Leong%2C+Benjamin+S.H.%2C+MBBS%2C+MRCSEd%28A%26E%29&rft.au=Jain%2C+Swati%2C+MD&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.issn=0196-0644&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.annemergmed.2015.09.010&rft.externalDBID=ECK1-s2.0-S0196064415012731&rft.externalDocID=1_s2_0_S0196064415012731
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0196-0644&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0196-0644&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0196-0644&client=summon