Local energy depletion in the basal forebrain increases sleep
Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three‐hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, p...
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| Published in | The European journal of neuroscience Vol. 17; no. 4; pp. 863 - 869 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Science, Ltd
01.02.2003
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three‐hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine, as well as increases in non‐REM sleep during the following night. Sleep was not affected when DNP was administered to adjacent brain areas, although the metabolic changes were similar. The amount and the timing of the increase in non‐REM sleep, as well as in the concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine with 0.5–1.0 mm DNP infusion, were comparable to those induced by 3 h of sleep deprivation. Here we show that energy depletion in localized brain areas can generate sleep. The energy depletion model of sleep induction could be applied to in vitro research into the cellular mechanisms of prolonged wakefulness. |
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| AbstractList | Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three‐hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine, as well as increases in non‐REM sleep during the following night. Sleep was not affected when DNP was administered to adjacent brain areas, although the metabolic changes were similar. The amount and the timing of the increase in non‐REM sleep, as well as in the concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine with 0.5–1.0 mm DNP infusion, were comparable to those induced by 3 h of sleep deprivation. Here we show that energy depletion in localized brain areas can generate sleep. The energy depletion model of sleep induction could be applied to in vitro research into the cellular mechanisms of prolonged wakefulness. Abstract Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three‐hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine, as well as increases in non‐REM sleep during the following night. Sleep was not affected when DNP was administered to adjacent brain areas, although the metabolic changes were similar. The amount and the timing of the increase in non‐REM sleep, as well as in the concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine with 0.5–1.0 m m DNP infusion, were comparable to those induced by 3 h of sleep deprivation. Here we show that energy depletion in localized brain areas can generate sleep. The energy depletion model of sleep induction could be applied to in vitro research into the cellular mechanisms of prolonged wakefulness. Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce local energy depletion in the basal forebrain of rats. Three-hour DNP infusions induced elevations in extracellular concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine, as well as increases in non-REM sleep during the following night. Sleep was not affected when DNP was administered to adjacent brain areas, although the metabolic changes were similar. The amount and the timing of the increase in non-REM sleep, as well as in the concentrations of lactate, pyruvate and adenosine with 0.5-1.0mm DNP infusion, were comparable to those induced by 3h of sleep deprivation. Here we show that energy depletion in localized brain areas can generate sleep. The energy depletion model of sleep induction could be applied to in vitro research into the cellular mechanisms of prolonged wakefulness. |
| Author | Suomela, Maricel Alanko, Lauri Kalinchuk, Anna V. Wigren, Henna-Kaisa Stenberg, Dag Porkka-Heiskanen, Tarja Urrila, Anna-Sofia Heiskanen, Silja |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Anna V. surname: Kalinchuk fullname: Kalinchuk, Anna V. organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 2 givenname: Anna-Sofia surname: Urrila fullname: Urrila, Anna-Sofia organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 3 givenname: Lauri surname: Alanko fullname: Alanko, Lauri organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 4 givenname: Silja surname: Heiskanen fullname: Heiskanen, Silja organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 5 givenname: Henna-Kaisa surname: Wigren fullname: Wigren, Henna-Kaisa organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 6 givenname: Maricel surname: Suomela fullname: Suomela, Maricel organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 7 givenname: Dag surname: Stenberg fullname: Stenberg, Dag organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland – sequence: 8 givenname: Tarja surname: Porkka-Heiskanen fullname: Porkka-Heiskanen, Tarja organization: Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, PO Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland |
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| Snippet | Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce... Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to induce... Abstract Sleep saves energy, but can brain energy depletion induce sleep? We used 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), a molecule which prevents the synthesis of ATP, to... |
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| SubjectTerms | 2,4-Dinitrophenol - pharmacology adenosine Adenosine - metabolism Analysis of Variance Animals basal forebrain Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods Circadian Rhythm - physiology Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Electroencephalography - methods Energy Metabolism - drug effects Energy Metabolism - physiology Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology Lactic Acid - metabolism local energy depletion Male Microdialysis - methods non-REM sleep Potassium Cyanide - pharmacology Prosencephalon - drug effects Prosencephalon - metabolism Pyruvic Acid - metabolism Rats Sleep - drug effects Sleep - physiology sleep deprivation Sleep Deprivation - metabolism Sleep Stages - drug effects Sleep Stages - physiology Uncoupling Agents - pharmacology |
| Title | Local energy depletion in the basal forebrain increases sleep |
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