Behavioural study of PEMFC during start-up/shutdown cycling for aeronautic applications

The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel...

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Published inMaterials for renewable and sustainable energy Vol. 8; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
Main Authors Dyantyi, Noluntu, Parsons, Adrian, Bujlo, Piotr, Pasupathi, Sivakumar
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 01.03.2019
Springer Nature B.V
SpringerOpen
Subjects
Accelerated stress tests
Aeronautic environment
Aeronautics
Aging aircraft
Aircraft
Aircraft components
Aircraft noise
Airports
Byproducts
Catalysis
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cycles
Decay rate
Degradation
Emissions
Fuel technology
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
Heat exchange
Load profile
Materials Science
Original Paper
Ostwald ripening
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Renewable and Green Energy
Shutdowns
State of health
Temperature
Degradation
Accelerated stress tests
Aeronautic environment
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Load profile
State of health
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Abstract The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel (silent operation minimizes noise) and decreasing greenhouse gas emission (in situ zero emissions). However, the PEMFC is yet to be industrialized due to its fast degrading components. The contribution of the several start-ups and shutdowns (a PEMFC undergoes when operated in aircraft) to the degradation is not well-understood. Hence, this study seeks to explore the effects of start-up/shutdown (SU/SD) cycling on a PEMFC’s lifetime. The SU/SD cycling is incorporated with heating to 60 °C and cooling to room temperature to mimic real-life temperature changes encountered in an aircraft. The tested membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were characterised for performance and evolution of its components to examine the extent and nature of degradation. More than two-thirds loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalyst, Pt particle growth (4.71–6.41 nm) associated with Ostwald ripening and formation of PtO from adsorption of OH − by Pt–M surface were identified to be causes of the observed voltage decay at 0.196 mV h −1 rate. Hence, it is concluded that SU/SD cycling mostly affects the catalytic component of PEMFC in the aeronautic environment.
AbstractList The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel (silent operation minimizes noise) and decreasing greenhouse gas emission (in situ zero emissions). However, the PEMFC is yet to be industrialized due to its fast degrading components. The contribution of the several start-ups and shutdowns (a PEMFC undergoes when operated in aircraft) to the degradation is not well-understood. Hence, this study seeks to explore the effects of start-up/shutdown (SU/SD) cycling on a PEMFC’s lifetime. The SU/SD cycling is incorporated with heating to 60 °C and cooling to room temperature to mimic real-life temperature changes encountered in an aircraft. The tested membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were characterised for performance and evolution of its components to examine the extent and nature of degradation. More than two-thirds loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalyst, Pt particle growth (4.71–6.41 nm) associated with Ostwald ripening and formation of PtO from adsorption of OH− by Pt–M surface were identified to be causes of the observed voltage decay at 0.196 mV h−1 rate. Hence, it is concluded that SU/SD cycling mostly affects the catalytic component of PEMFC in the aeronautic environment.
Abstract The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel (silent operation minimizes noise) and decreasing greenhouse gas emission (in situ zero emissions). However, the PEMFC is yet to be industrialized due to its fast degrading components. The contribution of the several start-ups and shutdowns (a PEMFC undergoes when operated in aircraft) to the degradation is not well-understood. Hence, this study seeks to explore the effects of start-up/shutdown (SU/SD) cycling on a PEMFC’s lifetime. The SU/SD cycling is incorporated with heating to 60 °C and cooling to room temperature to mimic real-life temperature changes encountered in an aircraft. The tested membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were characterised for performance and evolution of its components to examine the extent and nature of degradation. More than two-thirds loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalyst, Pt particle growth (4.71–6.41 nm) associated with Ostwald ripening and formation of PtO from adsorption of OH− by Pt–M surface were identified to be causes of the observed voltage decay at 0.196 mV h−1 rate. Hence, it is concluded that SU/SD cycling mostly affects the catalytic component of PEMFC in the aeronautic environment.
The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates useful byproducts (oxygen-depleted air, water and heat) but addresses sensitive issues such as improving health conditions of airport personnel (silent operation minimizes noise) and decreasing greenhouse gas emission (in situ zero emissions). However, the PEMFC is yet to be industrialized due to its fast degrading components. The contribution of the several start-ups and shutdowns (a PEMFC undergoes when operated in aircraft) to the degradation is not well-understood. Hence, this study seeks to explore the effects of start-up/shutdown (SU/SD) cycling on a PEMFC’s lifetime. The SU/SD cycling is incorporated with heating to 60 °C and cooling to room temperature to mimic real-life temperature changes encountered in an aircraft. The tested membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were characterised for performance and evolution of its components to examine the extent and nature of degradation. More than two-thirds loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of catalyst, Pt particle growth (4.71–6.41 nm) associated with Ostwald ripening and formation of PtO from adsorption of OH − by Pt–M surface were identified to be causes of the observed voltage decay at 0.196 mV h −1 rate. Hence, it is concluded that SU/SD cycling mostly affects the catalytic component of PEMFC in the aeronautic environment.
ArticleNumber 4
Author Bujlo, Piotr
Dyantyi, Noluntu
Parsons, Adrian
Pasupathi, Sivakumar
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  givenname: Adrian
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  givenname: Sivakumar
  surname: Pasupathi
  fullname: Pasupathi, Sivakumar
  organization: Hydrogen South Africa (HySA) Systems Integration and Technology Validation Competence Centre, South African Institute for Advanced Materials Chemistry, University of the Western Cape
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Keywords Degradation
Accelerated stress tests
Aeronautic environment
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Load profile
State of health
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Snippet The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only generates...
Abstract The deployment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) for aeronautic applications is a value-added energy supply alternative that not only...
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StartPage 1
SubjectTerms Accelerated stress tests
Aeronautic environment
Aeronautics
Aging aircraft
Aircraft
Aircraft components
Aircraft noise
Airports
Byproducts
Catalysis
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cycles
Decay rate
Degradation
Emissions
Fuel technology
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
Heat exchange
Load profile
Materials Science
Original Paper
Ostwald ripening
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Renewable and Green Energy
Shutdowns
State of health
Temperature
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Title Behavioural study of PEMFC during start-up/shutdown cycling for aeronautic applications
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