Do Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Have a Higher Prevalence of Osteoporosis? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Published in: Journal of personalized medicine Vol. 14; no. 3; p. 303
• Main Authors: Kim, Chul-Ho, Kim, Keunho, Choi, Yeonjoo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.03.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Agreements; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; Comparative studies; Females; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Meta-analysis; Older people; Osteoporosis; Patients; prevalence; Review; Vertigo; Vestibular system; meta-analysis; prevalence; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; osteoporosis
• DOI: 10.3390/jpm14030303
• ISSN: 2075-4426

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common vestibular disorder characterized by episodic vertigo. BPPV primarily affects older adults. Thus, understanding the potential relationship between BPPV and osteoporosis is clinically important. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for studies on the risk of osteoporosis between BPPV (+) and BPPV (-) groups up until 17 April 2023. We compared osteoporosis prevalence between groups and performed subgroup analyses for male, female, and older patients (aged ≥ 55 years). The 12 studies included 32,460 patients with BPPV and 476,304 controls. Pooled analysis showed that the BPPV (+) group had a significantly higher osteoporosis risk than the control group (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-2.06; < 0.01). Subgroup analyses also presented similar trends as male (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.18-4.90; = 0.02), female (OR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.57-2.92; < 0.001), and older patient subgroups (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.47-2.49; < 0.01) showed a higher osteoporosis risk in the BPPV (+) group than in the control group. This meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that patients with BPPV have a higher osteoporosis prevalence than those without.