Year-round measurements of nitrogen oxides and ozone in the tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer
A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in the remote tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer (MBL). Using two different methods, the instrument was assessed to have a de...
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| Published in | Journal of Geophysical Research. B. Solid Earth Vol. 114; no. D21 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Washington, DC
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
05.11.2009
American Geophysical Union |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in the remote tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer (MBL). Using two different methods, the instrument was assessed to have a detection limit of around 1.8 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) for NO and 5.5 pptv for NO2 for hour‐long integration periods. The overall accuracy was estimated at ∼18% for NO and 30% for NO2. Measurements of NO, NO2, and ozone (O3) over a period of 12 months in 2007 show very low levels of NOx (typically <30 pptv) and net daytime ozone destruction on most days of the measurement period. Air originating over Africa exhibited the highest levels of NOx (∼35 pptv) and reduced daily O3 destruction, with O3 production observed on a few days. Air that had not originated over Africa showed lower NOx levels (∼25 pptv), with greater observed O3 destruction. A dependence of the observed O3 destruction on NO mixing ratios, averaged over all air masses, was observed and reproduced using a simple box model. The model results imply that the presence of between 17 and 34 pptv of NO (depending on the month) would be required to turn the tropical North Atlantic from an O3 destroying to an O3 producing regime. |
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| AbstractList | A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in the remote tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer (MBL). Using two different methods, the instrument was assessed to have a detection limit of around 1.8 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) for NO and 5.5 pptv for NO2 for hour-long integration periods. The overall accuracy was estimated at ~18% for NO and 30% for NO2. Measurements of NO, NO2, and ozone (O3) over a period of 12 months in 2007 show very low levels of NOx (typically < 30 pptv) and net daytime ozone destruction on most days of the measurement period. Air originating over Africa exhibited the highest levels of NOx (~35 pptv) and reduced daily O3 destruction, with O3 production observed on a few days. Air that had not originated over Africa showed lower NOx levels (~25 pptv), with greater observed O3 destruction. A dependence of the observed O3 destruction on NO mixing ratios, averaged over all air masses, was observed and reproduced using a simple box model. The model results imply that the presence of between 17 and 34 pptv of NO (depending on the month) would be required to turn the tropical North Atlantic from an O3 destroying to an O3 producing regime. A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in the remote tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer (MBL). Using two different methods, the instrument was assessed to have a detection limit of around 1.8 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) for NO and 5.5 pptv for NO 2 for hour‐long integration periods. The overall accuracy was estimated at ∼18% for NO and 30% for NO 2 . Measurements of NO, NO 2 , and ozone (O 3 ) over a period of 12 months in 2007 show very low levels of NO x (typically <30 pptv) and net daytime ozone destruction on most days of the measurement period. Air originating over Africa exhibited the highest levels of NO x (∼35 pptv) and reduced daily O 3 destruction, with O 3 production observed on a few days. Air that had not originated over Africa showed lower NO x levels (∼25 pptv), with greater observed O 3 destruction. A dependence of the observed O 3 destruction on NO mixing ratios, averaged over all air masses, was observed and reproduced using a simple box model. The model results imply that the presence of between 17 and 34 pptv of NO (depending on the month) would be required to turn the tropical North Atlantic from an O 3 destroying to an O 3 producing regime. A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory in the remote tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer (MBL). Using two different methods, the instrument was assessed to have a detection limit of around 1.8 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) for NO and 5.5 pptv for NO2 for hour‐long integration periods. The overall accuracy was estimated at ∼18% for NO and 30% for NO2. Measurements of NO, NO2, and ozone (O3) over a period of 12 months in 2007 show very low levels of NOx (typically <30 pptv) and net daytime ozone destruction on most days of the measurement period. Air originating over Africa exhibited the highest levels of NOx (∼35 pptv) and reduced daily O3 destruction, with O3 production observed on a few days. Air that had not originated over Africa showed lower NOx levels (∼25 pptv), with greater observed O3 destruction. A dependence of the observed O3 destruction on NO mixing ratios, averaged over all air masses, was observed and reproduced using a simple box model. The model results imply that the presence of between 17 and 34 pptv of NO (depending on the month) would be required to turn the tropical North Atlantic from an O3 destroying to an O3 producing regime. |
| Author | Lewis, A. C. Read, K. A. Carpenter, L. J. Mendes, L. Moller, S. J. Lee, J. D. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: J. D. surname: Lee fullname: Lee, J. D. email: jdl3@york.ac.uk organization: National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: S. J. surname: Moller fullname: Moller, S. J. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: K. A. surname: Read fullname: Read, K. A. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: A. C. surname: Lewis fullname: Lewis, A. C. organization: National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: L. surname: Mendes fullname: Mendes, L. organization: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia e Geofísica, Mindelo, Cape Verde – sequence: 6 givenname: L. J. surname: Carpenter fullname: Carpenter, L. J. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK |
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| Copyright | Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union. 2015 INIST-CNRS Copyright 2009 by American Geophysical Union |
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| Keywords | capes detection limit Marine atmosphere accuracy Chemiluminescence exhibits air nitrogen oxide ozone instruments observatories Box model Atmospheric boundary layer Nitric oxide Nitrogen dioxide Mixing ratio destruction |
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| Snippet | A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric... A highly sensitive chemiluminescence instrument has been deployed to measure nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) at the Cape Verde Atmospheric... |
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| SubjectTerms | Atmospheric sciences Atmospherics Boundary layer Destruction Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Geophysics Marine Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen oxides NOx Ozone Scientific apparatus & instruments Troposphere |
| Title | Year-round measurements of nitrogen oxides and ozone in the tropical North Atlantic marine boundary layer |
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