Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review

The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been the subject of some debate. These properties are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specificall...

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Published in	Aerosol science and technology Vol. 40; no. 1; pp. 27 - 67
Main Authors	Bond, Tami C., Bergstrom, Robert W.
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Taylor & Francis Group 01.01.2006 Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects	Absorption Aerosols Aggregates Atmospheric aerosols Black carbon Carbon Chemistry Climate models Colloidal state and disperse state Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry Light Moisture absorption Optical properties Particle physics Particle Carbon black Light absorption Review Soot
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	0278-6826 1521-7388
DOI	10.1080/02786820500421521

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Abstract	The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been the subject of some debate. These properties are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specifically for that application. We recommend the term light-absorbing carbon to avoid conflict with operationally based definitions. Absorptive properties depend on molecular form, particularly the size of sp 2 -bonded clusters. Freshly-generated particles should be represented as aggregates, and their absorption is like that of particles small relative to the wavelength. Previous compendia have yielded a wide range of values for both refractive indices and absorption cross section. The absorptive properties of light-absorbing carbon are not as variable as is commonly believed. Our tabulation suggests a mass-normalized absorption cross section of 7.5 ± 1.2 m 2 /g at 550 nm for uncoated particles. We recommend a narrow range of refractive indices for strongly-absorbing carbon particles, of which the highest is 1.95-0.79i. Our refractive indices are consistent with most measurements reported in the literature, and values used in present-day climate modeling are in error. Realistic refractive indices underpredict measured absorption by about 30% when used with common theories for spherical particles or aggregates. Field programs since about 1970 have measured quantities relevant to light absorption, but have only recently made enough measurements to isolate the light-absorbing carbonaceous component and determine its absorptive properties.
AbstractList	The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been the subject of some debate. These properties are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specifically for that application. We recommend the term light-absorbing carbon to avoid conflict with operationally based definitions. Absorptive properties depend on molecular form, particularly the size of sp 2 -bonded clusters. Freshly-generated particles should be represented as aggregates, and their absorption is like that of particles small relative to the wavelength. Previous compendia have yielded a wide range of values for both refractive indices and absorption cross section. The absorptive properties of light-absorbing carbon are not as variable as is commonly believed. Our tabulation suggests a mass-normalized absorption cross section of 7.5 ± 1.2 m 2 /g at 550 nm for uncoated particles. We recommend a narrow range of refractive indices for strongly-absorbing carbon particles, of which the highest is 1.95-0.79i. Our refractive indices are consistent with most measurements reported in the literature, and values used in present-day climate modeling are in error. Realistic refractive indices underpredict measured absorption by about 30% when used with common theories for spherical particles or aggregates. Field programs since about 1970 have measured quantities relevant to light absorption, but have only recently made enough measurements to isolate the light-absorbing carbonaceous component and determine its absorptive properties. The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been the subject of some debate. These properties are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specifically for that application. We recommend the term light-absorbing carbon to avoid conflict with operationally based definitions. Absorptive properties depend on molecular form, particularly the size of sp2-bonded clusters. Freshly-generated particles should be represented as aggregates, and their absorption is like that of particles small relative to the wavelength. Previous compendia have yielded a wide range of values for both refractive indices and absorption cross section. The absorptive properties of light-absorbing carbon are not as variable as is commonly believed. Our tabulation suggests a mass-normalized absorption cross section of 7.5 +- 1.2 m2/g at 550 nm for uncoated particles. We recommend a narrow range of refractive indices for strongly-absorbing carbon particles, of which the highest is 1.95-0.79i. Our refractive indices are consistent with most measurements reported in the literature, and values used in present-day climate modeling are in error. Realistic refractive indices underpredict measured absorption by about 30% when used with common theories for spherical particles or aggregates. Field programs since about 1970 have measured quantities relevant to light absorption, but have only recently made enough measurements to isolate the light-absorbing carbonaceous component and determine its absorptive properties. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called 'soot,' 'black carbon,' or 'carbon black' have been the subject of some debate. These properties are necessary to model how aerosols affect climate, and our review is targeted specifically for that application. We recommend the term light-absorbing carbon to avoid conflict with operationally based definitions. Absorptive properties depend on molecular form, particularly the size of sp2-bonded clusters. Freshly-generated particles should be represented as aggregates, and their absorption is like that of particles small relative to the wavelength. Previous compendia have yielded a wide range of values for both refractive indices and absorption cross section. The absorptive properties of light-absorbing carbon are not as variable as is commonly believed. Our tabulation suggests a mass-normalized absorption cross section of 7.5 +/- 1.2 m2/g at 550 nm for uncoated particles. We recommend a narrow range of refractive indices for strongly-absorbing carbon particles, of which the highest is 1.95-0.79i. Our refractive indices are consistent with most measurements reported in the literature, and values used in present-day climate modeling are in error. Realistic refractive indices underpredict measured absorption by about 30% when used with common theories for spherical particles or aggregates. Field programs since about 1970 have measured quantities relevant to light absorption, but have only recently made enough measurements to isolate the light-absorbing carbonaceous component and determine its absorptive properties.
Author	Bond, Tami C. Bergstrom, Robert W.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Tami C. surname: Bond fullname: Bond, Tami C. organization: Department of Civil Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign – sequence: 2 givenname: Robert W. surname: Bergstrom fullname: Bergstrom, Robert W. organization: Bay Area Environmental Research Institute
BackLink	http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17512501$$DView record in Pascal Francis
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Snippet	The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called "soot," "black carbon," or "carbon black" have been the subject of some... The optical properties of the light-absorbing, carbonaceous substance often called 'soot,' 'black carbon,' or 'carbon black' have been the subject of some...
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StartPage	27
SubjectTerms	Absorption Aerosols Aggregates Atmospheric aerosols Black carbon Carbon Chemistry Climate models Colloidal state and disperse state Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry Light Moisture absorption Optical properties Particle physics
Title	Light Absorption by Carbonaceous Particles: An Investigative Review
URI	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02786820500421521 https://www.proquest.com/docview/210348439 https://www.proquest.com/docview/29561872
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