The steering gaits of sperm
Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Ot...
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| Published in | Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences Vol. 375; no. 1792; p. 20190149 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
The Royal Society
17.02.2020
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0962-8436 1471-2970 1471-2970 |
| DOI | 10.1098/rstb.2019.0149 |
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| Abstract | Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms.
This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’. |
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| AbstractList | Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms.
This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’. Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'. Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'. |
| Author | Rode, S. Alvarez, L. Elgeti, J. Gompper, G. Kaupp, U. B. Friedrich, B. M. Gong, A. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation , Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich , Germany 1 Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems , Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn , Germany 3 Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Biological Systems Path of the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Helmholtzstrasse 18, 01069 Dresden , Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation , Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich , Germany – name: 1 Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems , Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn , Germany – name: 3 Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Biological Systems Path of the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) , Helmholtzstrasse 18, 01069 Dresden , Germany |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: A. orcidid: 0000-0001-5701-8533 surname: Gong fullname: Gong, A. organization: Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: S. surname: Rode fullname: Rode, S. organization: Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: U. B. surname: Kaupp fullname: Kaupp, U. B. organization: Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: G. orcidid: 0000-0002-8904-0986 surname: Gompper fullname: Gompper, G. organization: Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: J. orcidid: 0000-0001-7300-0923 surname: Elgeti fullname: Elgeti, J. organization: Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: B. M. surname: Friedrich fullname: Friedrich, B. M. organization: Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Biological Systems Path of the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Helmholtzstrasse 18, 01069 Dresden, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: L. orcidid: 0000-0002-1027-2291 surname: Alvarez fullname: Alvarez, L. organization: Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany |
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| Keywords | symmetry-breaking navigation cilia chirality cytoskeleton |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Cell Movement - physiology Cilia - physiology Humans Male Review Spermatozoa - physiology |
| Title | The steering gaits of sperm |
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