Flexibility as the key for somatic health: From mind wandering to perseverative cognition

•Separation of the studies on MW and rumination/worry led to implausible results.•MW per se is not associated with increased physiological reactivity or low mood.•MW becomes maladaptive when it takes the form of rumination or worry.•An increase in cognitive rigidity is associated with higher autonom...

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Published inBiological psychology Vol. 94; no. 1; pp. 38 - 43
Main Authors Ottaviani, Cristina, Shapiro, David, Couyoumdjian, Alessandro
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.09.2013
Elsevier
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Abstract •Separation of the studies on MW and rumination/worry led to implausible results.•MW per se is not associated with increased physiological reactivity or low mood.•MW becomes maladaptive when it takes the form of rumination or worry.•An increase in cognitive rigidity is associated with higher autonomic inflexibility. Mind wandering (MW) has been defined as the brain's default mode of operation. It is a common experience, however, that this process can become maladaptive, and take the form of repetitive thoughts. We aimed to compare the cardiac and cognitive correlates of perseverative cognition (PC) and MW. Seventy-three healthy participants were engaged in two recall interviews designed to draw their attention to a neutral and a personally relevant negative episode. After each interview, participants performed a 20-min tracking task with thought probe while the electrocardiogram was continuously recorded. Perseverative cognition was associated with higher levels of cognitive inflexibility (slower reaction times, highest intrusiveness, efforts to inhibit), autonomic rigidity (low heart rate variability), and mood worsening compared to being focused on task or MW. Results suggest that MW fails to serve its adaptive function, and turns into a risk factor for health whenever it becomes a rigid and inflexible pattern (PC).
AbstractList Mind wandering (MW) has been defined as the brain's default mode of operation. It is a common experience, however, that this process can become maladaptive, and take the form of repetitive thoughts. We aimed to compare the cardiac and cognitive correlates of perseverative cognition (PC) and MW. Seventy-three healthy participants were engaged in two recall interviews designed to draw their attention to a neutral and a personally relevant negative episode. After each interview, participants performed a 20-min tracking task with thought probe while the electrocardiogram was continuously recorded. Perseverative cognition was associated with higher levels of cognitive inflexibility (slower reaction times, highest intrusiveness, efforts to inhibit), autonomic rigidity (low heart rate variability), and mood worsening compared to being focused on task or MW. Results suggest that MW fails to serve its adaptive function, and turns into a risk factor for health whenever it becomes a rigid and inflexible pattern (PC).
•Separation of the studies on MW and rumination/worry led to implausible results.•MW per se is not associated with increased physiological reactivity or low mood.•MW becomes maladaptive when it takes the form of rumination or worry.•An increase in cognitive rigidity is associated with higher autonomic inflexibility. Mind wandering (MW) has been defined as the brain's default mode of operation. It is a common experience, however, that this process can become maladaptive, and take the form of repetitive thoughts. We aimed to compare the cardiac and cognitive correlates of perseverative cognition (PC) and MW. Seventy-three healthy participants were engaged in two recall interviews designed to draw their attention to a neutral and a personally relevant negative episode. After each interview, participants performed a 20-min tracking task with thought probe while the electrocardiogram was continuously recorded. Perseverative cognition was associated with higher levels of cognitive inflexibility (slower reaction times, highest intrusiveness, efforts to inhibit), autonomic rigidity (low heart rate variability), and mood worsening compared to being focused on task or MW. Results suggest that MW fails to serve its adaptive function, and turns into a risk factor for health whenever it becomes a rigid and inflexible pattern (PC).
Author Ottaviani, Cristina
Couyoumdjian, Alessandro
Shapiro, David
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  givenname: Cristina
  surname: Ottaviani
  fullname: Ottaviani, Cristina
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  givenname: David
  surname: Shapiro
  fullname: Shapiro, David
  organization: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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  givenname: Alessandro
  surname: Couyoumdjian
  fullname: Couyoumdjian, Alessandro
  organization: Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Issue 1
Keywords Mind wandering
Heart rate variability
Flexibility
Perseverative cognition
Heart rate
Health
Variability
Distraction
Cognition
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
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Snippet •Separation of the studies on MW and rumination/worry led to implausible results.•MW per se is not associated with increased physiological reactivity or low...
Mind wandering (MW) has been defined as the brain's default mode of operation. It is a common experience, however, that this process can become maladaptive,...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Affect - physiology
Attention - physiology
Behavioral psychophysiology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
Cognition
Electrocardiography
Female
Flexibility
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart Rate - physiology
Heart rate variability
Humans
Male
Mental Recall - physiology
Mind wandering
Neuropsychological Tests
Perseverative cognition
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Reaction Time - physiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Young Adult
Title Flexibility as the key for somatic health: From mind wandering to perseverative cognition
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.05.003
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23680439
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1420163359
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1500762107
Volume 94
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