Variations of Twentieth-Century Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Indicators in the Northeast United States

An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926–2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EO...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of climate Vol. 20; no. 21; pp. 5401 - 5417
Main Authors Griffiths, Michael L., Bradley, Raymond S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Boston, MA American Meteorological Society 01.11.2007
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926–2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter frost days (FD) and warm nights (TN90) and also winter consecutive dry days (CDD) and very wet days (R95T) over the 1950–2000 period reveals that some of the variability associated with changes in these extremes may be explained by variations in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern. The most prominent feature of these results was the high correlation between the leading EOF of frost days and warm nights and the AO. Winter composites of temperature and precipitation extreme indicators were examined for different phases of the AO and ENSO during the 1926–2000 period. Overall, the AO is a better predictor of winter warm nights, while the ENSO is a better predictor of consecutive dry days in the northeast United States.
AbstractList Abstract An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926–2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter frost days (FD) and warm nights (TN90) and also winter consecutive dry days (CDD) and very wet days (R95T) over the 1950–2000 period reveals that some of the variability associated with changes in these extremes may be explained by variations in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern. The most prominent feature of these results was the high correlation between the leading EOF of frost days and warm nights and the AO. Winter composites of temperature and precipitation extreme indicators were examined for different phases of the AO and ENSO during the 1926–2000 period. Overall, the AO is a better predictor of winter warm nights, while the ENSO is a better predictor of consecutive dry days in the northeast United States.
An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926-2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter frost days (FD) and warm nights (TN90) and also winter consecutive dry days (CDD) and very wet days (R95T) over the 1950-2000 period reveals that some of the variability associated with changes in these extremes may be explained by variations in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern. The most prominent feature of these results was the high correlation between the leading EOF of frost days and warm nights and the AO. Winter composites of temperature and precipitation extreme indicators were examined for different phases of the AO and ENSO during the 1926-2000 period. Overall, the AO is a better predictor of winter warm nights, while the ENSO is a better predictor of consecutive dry days in the northeast United States.
An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926-2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter frost days (FD) and warm nights (TN90) and also winter consecutive dry days (CDD) and very wet days (R95T) over the 1950-2000 period reveals that some of the variability associated with changes in these extremes may be explained by variations in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern. The most prominent feature of these results was the high correlation between the leading EOF of frost days and warm nights and the AO. Winter composites of temperature and precipitation extreme indicators were examined for different phases of the AO and ENSO during the 1926-2000 period. Overall, the AO is a better predictor of winter warm nights, while the ENSO is a better predictor of consecutive dry days in the northeast United States. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the 1926–2000 period in the northeast United States, with most of this increase occurring over the past four decades. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of winter frost days (FD) and warm nights (TN90) and also winter consecutive dry days (CDD) and very wet days (R95T) over the 1950–2000 period reveals that some of the variability associated with changes in these extremes may be explained by variations in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern. The most prominent feature of these results was the high correlation between the leading EOF of frost days and warm nights and the AO. Winter composites of temperature and precipitation extreme indicators were examined for different phases of the AO and ENSO during the 1926–2000 period. Overall, the AO is a better predictor of winter warm nights, while the ENSO is a better predictor of consecutive dry days in the northeast United States.
Author Griffiths, Michael L.
Bradley, Raymond S.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Michael L.
  surname: Griffiths
  fullname: Griffiths, Michael L.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Raymond S.
  surname: Bradley
  fullname: Bradley, Raymond S.
BackLink http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19376065$$DView record in Pascal Francis
BookMark eNpdkEGLFDEQhYOs4Ozq1ZsQBL31mFSnupOjDLs6MqjgrNcmm65mM_QkY5JB99-bcRYFT6-gvveqeJfsIsRAjL2UYillj-9AiH7nZi_RqKV8whYSQTRCKbhgC6GNanSP-Ixd5rwTQkInxILF7zZ5W3wMmceJb39SKJ7KfbOqwzE98C3tD5RsnYnbMPKviZw_-PLHw69_lUR74uswemdLTJn7wMs98c8xVbG58NvgC438W7VQfs6eTnbO9OJRr9jtzfV29bHZfPmwXr3fNA6FKI1sqe2pvguoQHfdnZtErwyobjIKRw0K4U6JEfsJkFCCkh0KsqhQ922v2yv29px7SPHHkXIZ9j47mmcbKB7zAFKgaQ1W8PV_4C4eU6i_DQCgDWBrKrQ8Qy7FnBNNwyH5vU0PgxTDqfzhVP6n1WZ9Kn-Q1fDmMdVmZ-cp2eB8_ucybd-J7nT91Znb5Vre3z10gEZr3f4GA6aPFw
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1175_JHM_D_14_0147_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10584_020_02898_w
crossref_primary_10_1111_avsc_12776
crossref_primary_10_1175_JHM_D_19_0275_1
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_6277
crossref_primary_10_2134_agronj2018_11_0711
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_136147
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_010_0353_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10584_009_9674_3
crossref_primary_10_1002_2014JD021591
crossref_primary_10_4236_ajcc_2018_74036
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3722
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2020_105138
crossref_primary_10_1002_asl2_464
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_uclim_2014_02_006
crossref_primary_10_1175_JAMC_D_13_071_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00382_018_4501_z
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_016_2009_1
crossref_primary_10_1038_jes_2014_45
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_4263
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2021_105882
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_13_00068_1
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_1950
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3972
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_8349
crossref_primary_10_1002_lno_11873
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40064_016_3429_1
crossref_primary_10_3390_environments9030035
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0198623
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00477_012_0615_8
crossref_primary_10_3390_w11112407
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_19_0104_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00382_017_3837_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_agrformet_2011_02_014
crossref_primary_10_1175_2010JCLI3663_1
crossref_primary_10_3390_cli9070110
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00382_015_2537_x
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_14_00781_1
crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2020_00417
crossref_primary_10_1029_2022JD037493
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00382_017_3724_8
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_020_03467_y
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10584_014_1257_2
crossref_primary_10_1175_JAMC_D_20_0254_1
crossref_primary_10_9798_KOSHAM_2014_14_1_109
crossref_primary_10_1002_wat2_1085
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejrh_2015_01_002
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_018_2407_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_quascirev_2019_106104
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_4321
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_7555
crossref_primary_10_1002_2014JD021601
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2017_06_022
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_5935
crossref_primary_10_1002_hyp_11509
crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_10792
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_11_00709_1
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_018_21817_9
crossref_primary_10_1080_02723646_2023_2260546
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_wace_2015_09_004
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00477_014_0863_x
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_016_1960_1
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_14_00410_1
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_6510
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40641_015_0013_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejrh_2023_101371
crossref_primary_10_1002_2015JD023592
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_3268923
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_14_00343_1
crossref_primary_10_3137_AO1102_2010
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2018_06_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_palaeo_2012_06_033
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12517_013_1139_3
crossref_primary_10_1002_eap_1974
crossref_primary_10_3390_atmos14030524
crossref_primary_10_3390_rs14195040
crossref_primary_10_1080_02723646_2019_1672023
crossref_primary_10_1002_jgrd_50487
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_13_00544_1
crossref_primary_10_1175_JCLI_D_13_00750_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00382_023_06822_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_jmse9070727
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00704_013_0988_8
crossref_primary_10_1029_2010JD014738
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11869_011_0168_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2017_04_018
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jastp_2024_106289
crossref_primary_10_1088_1755_1315_724_1_012046
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10668_021_01299_y
crossref_primary_10_1002_2016JD026075
crossref_primary_10_1029_2011GL048283
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2015_10_015
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0289570
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3948
crossref_primary_10_3390_agronomy13030827
crossref_primary_10_1175_JHM_D_18_0155_1
crossref_primary_10_1002_wea_3066
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_021_13825_6
crossref_primary_10_1080_02723646_2022_2042916
crossref_primary_10_1002_2017JD026682
crossref_primary_10_1080_16742834_2016_1133057
crossref_primary_10_1002_2017JD026683
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhydrol_2019_04_060
crossref_primary_10_3390_atmos12030362
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosenv_2009_08_040
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atmosres_2016_07_002
crossref_primary_10_5194_nhess_23_2111_2023
crossref_primary_10_1002_jgrd_50462
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3399
crossref_primary_10_3390_w12123373
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3950
crossref_primary_10_1002_joc_3956
crossref_primary_10_1175_2010JCLI3363_1
crossref_primary_10_5194_hess_16_2437_2012
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gloplacha_2023_104293
crossref_primary_10_1175_2010JCLI3484_1
Cites_doi 10.1126/science.289.5487.2068
10.1002/joc.3370150108
10.1029/2005JD006290
10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<1507:TJHWIT>2.0.CO;2
10.1002/joc.1163
10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0417:OVATIE>2.3.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3560:COMAOT>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0784:TITGHF>2.0.CO;2
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb04348.x
10.1023/A:1005472418209
10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1000:AMITEC>2.0.CO;2
10.3354/cr019193
10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1646:RTIMAM>2.0.CO;2
10.1029/95GL03602
10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<3188:TITCTE>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1555:RBCVAW>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0279:IOCCFT>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<0065:RHTFAF>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0477-83.9.1327
10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<0977:TINAAT>2.0.CO;2
10.2172/1157067
10.1175/1520-0442(1990)003<0138:TGCFJA>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1959:CODAET>2.0.CO;2
10.1002/joc.3370060305
10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<1183:PEITAO>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3665:TIIODT>2.0.CO;2
10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0981:CAATIO>2.3.CO;2
10.1023/A:1005420400462
10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<2515:LTTIEP>2.0.CO;2
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2007 American Meteorological Society
2008 INIST-CNRS
Copyright American Meteorological Society Nov 1, 2007
Copyright_xml – notice: 2007 American Meteorological Society
– notice: 2008 INIST-CNRS
– notice: Copyright American Meteorological Society Nov 1, 2007
DBID IQODW
AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7QH
7TG
7UA
7X2
7XB
88F
88I
8AF
8FE
8FG
8FH
8FK
8G5
ABUWG
AFKRA
ARAPS
ATCPS
AZQEC
BEC
BENPR
BGLVJ
BHPHI
BKSAR
C1K
CCPQU
DWQXO
F1W
GNUQQ
GUQSH
H96
HCIFZ
KL.
L.G
M0K
M1Q
M2O
M2P
MBDVC
P5Z
P62
PATMY
PCBAR
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PYCSY
Q9U
S0X
DOI 10.1175/2007jcli1594.1
DatabaseName Pascal-Francis
CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Aqualine
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Water Resources Abstracts
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Military Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
STEM Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
eLibrary
ProQuest Central
Technology Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
ProQuest Central Student
Research Library Prep
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources
SciTech Premium Collection
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Agriculture Science Database
Military Database
Research Library
Science Database
Research Library (Corporate)
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
Environmental Science Database
Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
SIRS Editorial
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Agricultural Science Database
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Research Library Prep
ProQuest Central Student
Technology Collection
ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
SIRS Editorial
elibrary
ProQuest AP Science
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
Research Library (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Military Collection
Water Resources Abstracts
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ProQuest Central
Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
ProQuest Research Library
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database
Agricultural Science Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest Military Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
Aqualine
Environmental Science Collection
Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Environmental Science Database
ProQuest One Academic
Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
DatabaseTitleList CrossRef
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Agricultural Science Database

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Meteorology & Climatology
EISSN 1520-0442
EndPage 5417
ExternalDocumentID 1382941441
10_1175_2007JCLI1594_1
19376065
26259888
Genre Feature
GeographicLocations United States
United States--US
USA
PN, Arctic
GeographicLocations_xml – name: United States--US
– name: USA
– name: PN, Arctic
GroupedDBID -~X
29K
2WC
3V.
4.4
53G
5GY
6TJ
7X2
7XC
85S
88I
8AF
8FE
8FG
8FH
8G5
8R4
8R5
ABBHK
ABDBF
ABDNZ
ABUWG
ABXSQ
ACGFO
ACGOD
ACIHN
ADULT
AEAQA
AENEX
AEUPB
AFKRA
AFRAH
AI.
AIFVT
AIRJO
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALQLQ
APEBS
ARAPS
ATCPS
AZQEC
BCR
BCU
BEC
BENPR
BES
BGLVJ
BHPHI
BKSAR
BLC
BPHCQ
C1A
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
D-I
D1K
DU5
DWQXO
E3Z
EAD
EAP
EAS
EAU
EBS
EDH
EJD
EMK
EPL
EQZMY
EST
ESX
F5P
F8P
FRP
GNUQQ
GUQSH
HCIFZ
I-F
IZHOT
JAAYA
JENOY
JKQEH
JLEZI
JLXEF
JPL
JSODD
JST
K6-
LK5
M0K
M1Q
M2O
M2P
M2Q
M7R
MV1
OHT
OK1
P2P
P62
PATMY
PCBAR
PEA
PQQKQ
PROAC
PYCSY
Q2X
QF4
QM9
QN7
QO4
RWA
RWE
RWL
RXW
S0X
SA0
SJFOW
SWMRO
TAE
TN5
TR2
TUS
U5U
UNMZH
VH1
XJT
~02
ABPTK
ABTAH
ACYGS
H13
H~9
IQODW
VOH
XXG
ZY4
~KM
AAYXX
ADACV
AEKFB
CITATION
7QH
7TG
7UA
7XB
8FK
C1K
F1W
H96
KL.
L.G
MBDVC
PQEST
PQUKI
Q9U
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c500t-13e37e7552542866bcf0749246f945d82452b40d57f25e51241650ea545873783
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISSN 0894-8755
IngestDate Fri Oct 25 00:50:40 EDT 2024
Thu Oct 10 21:02:44 EDT 2024
Fri Aug 23 01:02:35 EDT 2024
Sun Oct 22 16:09:08 EDT 2023
Fri Feb 02 08:16:32 EST 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 21
Keywords time series analysis
Teleconnection
trend-surface analysis
atmospheric precipitation
Climatic data
Arctic oscillation
Empirical orthogonal function
climate variability
Long term variation
indicators
North America
Dynamical climatology
Century 20th
Atmospheric temperature
El Nino
extreme value
Southern oscillation
Observation data
climate change
Northeast
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c500t-13e37e7552542866bcf0749246f945d82452b40d57f25e51241650ea545873783
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://journals.ametsoc.org/downloadpdf/journals/clim/20/21/2007jcli1594.1.pdf
PQID 222892539
PQPubID 32902
PageCount 17
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_21059395
proquest_journals_222892539
crossref_primary_10_1175_2007JCLI1594_1
pascalfrancis_primary_19376065
jstor_primary_26259888
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2007-11-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2007-11-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2007
  text: 2007-11-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2000
PublicationPlace Boston, MA
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Boston, MA
– name: Boston
PublicationTitle Journal of climate
PublicationYear 2007
Publisher American Meteorological Society
Publisher_xml – name: American Meteorological Society
References Alexander (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Alexander1) 2006; 111
2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Williams1
Brown (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Brown1) 1991
Kunkel (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kunkel1) 1996; 77
Higgins (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Higgins1) 2002; 15
Bradbury (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Bradbury1) 2002; 38
Karl (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Karl2) 1996; 77
Kiktev (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kiktev1) 2003; 16
Wilks (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wilks2) 1997; 10
Trenberth (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Trenberth1) 1996; 23
Moberg (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Moberg1) 2005; 25
Klein Tank (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-KleinTank1) 2003; 16
DeGaetano (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-DeGaetano1) 1996; 9
Wilks (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wilks1) 1995
Frich (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Frich1) 2002; 19
Easterling (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling3) 2000; 81
Easterling (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling4) 2000; 289
Karl (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Karl1) 1982; 21
Plummer (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Plummer1) 1999; 42
Wallace (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wallace1) 1981; 109
Cooter (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Cooter1) 1995; 15
DeGaetano (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-DeGaetano2) 2002; 15
Bonsal (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Bonsal1) 2001; 14
2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Zhou1
Chelliah (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Chelliah1) 1990; 3
Richman (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Richman1) 1986; 6
Nicholls (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Nicholls1) 2001; 81
Heino (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Heino1) 1999; 42
Tuomenvirta (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Tuomenvirta1) 2000; 13
Easterling (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling1) 2002; 83
Houghton (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Houghton1) 2001
2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-CleanAirCoolPlanet1
2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Peterson1
Thompson (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Thompson1) 2000; 13
2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling2
Kunkel (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kunkel2) 1999; 12
Ludlam (2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Ludlam1) 1976
References_xml – volume: 289
  start-page: 2068
  year: 2000
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling4
  article-title: Climate extremes: Observations, modeling, and impacts.
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.289.5487.2068
  contributor:
    fullname: Easterling
– year: 1976
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Ludlam1
  article-title: The Country Journal: New England Weather Book.
  contributor:
    fullname: Ludlam
– year: 1995
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wilks1
  article-title: Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences.
  contributor:
    fullname: Wilks
– volume: 15
  start-page: 65
  year: 1995
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Cooter1
  article-title: Recent frost date trends in the north-eastern USA.
  publication-title: Int. J. Climatol.
  doi: 10.1002/joc.3370150108
  contributor:
    fullname: Cooter
– ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Peterson1
– volume: 111
  year: 2006
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Alexander1
  article-title: Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation.
  publication-title: J. Geophys. Res.
  doi: 10.1029/2005JD006290
  contributor:
    fullname: Alexander
– volume: 77
  start-page: 1507
  year: 1996
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kunkel1
  article-title: The 1995 heat wave in the Midwest: A climatic perspective and critical weather factors.
  publication-title: Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<1507:TJHWIT>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Kunkel
– ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Williams1
– ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-CleanAirCoolPlanet1
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1149
  year: 2005
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Moberg1
  article-title: Trends in indices for extremes in daily temperature and precipitation in central and western Europe, 1901–99.
  publication-title: Int. J. Climatol.
  doi: 10.1002/joc.1163
  contributor:
    fullname: Moberg
– volume: 81
  start-page: 417
  year: 2000
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling3
  article-title: Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review.
  publication-title: Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0417:OVATIE>2.3.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Easterling
– volume: 16
  start-page: 3560
  year: 2003
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kiktev1
  article-title: Comparison of modeled and observed trends in indices of daily climate extremes.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3560:COMAOT>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Kiktev
– volume: 109
  start-page: 784
  year: 1981
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wallace1
  article-title: Teleconnections in the geopotential height field during the Northern Hemisphere winter.
  publication-title: Mon. Wea. Rev.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0784:TITGHF>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Wallace
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1287
  year: 2002
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Bradbury1
  article-title: Relation of New England hydroclimate to large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns.
  publication-title: J. Amer. Water Resour. Assoc.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb04348.x
  contributor:
    fullname: Bradbury
– volume: 42
  start-page: 183
  year: 1999
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Plummer1
  article-title: Changes in climate extremes over the Australian region and New Zealand during the twentieth century.
  publication-title: Climatic Change
  doi: 10.1023/A:1005472418209
  contributor:
    fullname: Plummer
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1000
  year: 2000
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Thompson1
  article-title: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1000:AMITEC>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Thompson
– volume: 19
  start-page: 193
  year: 2002
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Frich1
  article-title: Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century.
  publication-title: Climate Res.
  doi: 10.3354/cr019193
  contributor:
    fullname: Frich
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1646
  year: 1996
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-DeGaetano1
  article-title: Recent trends in maximum and minimum temperature threshold exceedences in the northeastern United States.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1646:RTIMAM>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: DeGaetano
– ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Zhou1
– volume: 23
  start-page: 57
  year: 1996
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Trenberth1
  article-title: The 1990–1995 El Niño–Southern Oscillation event: Longest on record.
  publication-title: Geophys. Res. Lett.
  doi: 10.1029/95GL03602
  contributor:
    fullname: Trenberth
– volume: 15
  start-page: 3188
  year: 2002
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-DeGaetano2
  article-title: Trends in twentieth-century temperature extremes across the United States.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<3188:TITCTE>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: DeGaetano
– volume: 15
  start-page: 1555
  year: 2002
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Higgins1
  article-title: Relationships between climate variability and winter temperature extremes in the United States.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1555:RBCVAW>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Higgins
– volume: 77
  start-page: 279
  year: 1996
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Karl2
  article-title: Indices of climate change for the United States.
  publication-title: Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0279:IOCCFT>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Karl
– volume: 10
  start-page: 65
  year: 1997
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Wilks2
  article-title: Resampling hypothesis tests for autocorrelated fields.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<0065:RHTFAF>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Wilks
– year: 1991
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Brown1
  article-title: Use of statistical methods in the search for teleconnections: Past, present, and future.
  contributor:
    fullname: Brown
– volume: 83
  start-page: 1327
  year: 2002
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling1
  article-title: Recent changes in frost days and the frost-free season in the United States.
  publication-title: Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0477-83.9.1327
  contributor:
    fullname: Easterling
– volume: 13
  start-page: 977
  year: 2000
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Tuomenvirta1
  article-title: Trends in Nordic and Arctic temperature extremes and ranges.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<0977:TINAAT>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Tuomenvirta
– ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Easterling2
  doi: 10.2172/1157067
– volume: 3
  start-page: 138
  year: 1990
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Chelliah1
  article-title: The global climate for June–August 1989: A season of near-normal conditions in the tropical Pacific.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1990)003<0138:TGCFJA>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Chelliah
– volume: 14
  start-page: 1959
  year: 2001
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Bonsal1
  article-title: Characteristics of daily and extreme temperatures over Canada.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<1959:CODAET>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Bonsal
– year: 2001
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Houghton1
  article-title: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis.
  contributor:
    fullname: Houghton
– volume: 6
  start-page: 293
  year: 1986
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Richman1
  article-title: Rotation of principal components.
  publication-title: J. Climatol.
  doi: 10.1002/joc.3370060305
  contributor:
    fullname: Richman
– volume: 21
  start-page: 1183
  year: 1982
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Karl1
  article-title: Potential errors in the application of principal component (eigenvector) analysis to geophysical data.
  publication-title: J. Appl. Meteor.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<1183:PEITAO>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Karl
– volume: 16
  start-page: 3665
  year: 2003
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-KleinTank1
  article-title: Trends in indices of daily temperature and precipitation extremes in Europe, 1946–99.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<3665:TIIODT>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Klein Tank
– volume: 81
  start-page: 981
  year: 2001
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Nicholls1
  article-title: The insignificance of significance testing.
  publication-title: Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<0981:CAATIO>2.3.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Nicholls
– volume: 42
  start-page: 151
  year: 1999
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Heino1
  article-title: Progress in the study of climate extremes in northern and central Europe.
  publication-title: Climatic Change
  doi: 10.1023/A:1005420400462
  contributor:
    fullname: Heino
– volume: 12
  start-page: 2515
  year: 1999
  ident: 2020061413372673400_i1520-0442-20-21-5401-Kunkel2
  article-title: Long-term trends in extreme precipitation events over the conterminous United States and Canada.
  publication-title: J. Climate
  doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<2515:LTTIEP>2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Kunkel
SSID ssj0012600
Score 2.3340883
Snippet An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over the...
Abstract An examination of five temperature and five precipitation extreme indicators reveals an increase in both temperature and precipitation extremes over...
SourceID proquest
crossref
pascalfrancis
jstor
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 5401
SubjectTerms Atmospheric circulation
Chemical precipitation
Climate change
Climatology
Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change
Earth, ocean, space
El Nino
Emissions
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Frost
Global climate models
Meteorology
Precipitation
Seasons
Southern Oscillation
Storm damage
Trends
Winter
Title Variations of Twentieth-Century Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Indicators in the Northeast United States
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/26259888
https://www.proquest.com/docview/222892539
https://search.proquest.com/docview/21059395
Volume 20
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1LT9wwEB4VuPRStbSo4bH4gNpTIJvYSXxCZbXLQwUhtFTcIie2xSKUbNlF8POZsb2LEBKXSFGcHGbsmW8emQ9gT2slMmVNLBOtYi7xUnORxDzXNq1lIa3jOjy_yE-u-dmNuAm9ObPQVrmwic5Q666hHPkBZSpkKjJ5OP0fE2kUFVcDg8YKrKV9TlXataPhxeXVsoxA09cdjJQcj70QYWojuswDytHdNfcTdOd8v__GK_nGROqSVDMUlPUMF--MtfNAo6_wJUBH9sfr-ht8Mu06ROeIersHlxxnv9jgfoIQ1N19h-4fBsI-I8c6y8ZP1Blk5rfxwHsaNjYImv1QZaZazS5p1MU0TO1mw-c5JQ_ZaUu1HGLlYZOWIWBkrthDpD_MQ1bmIesPuB4Nx4OTOBAsxI1IEqKhN1lhUC4YJaZlnteNRUSBEVluJRe6pKpszRMtCpsKg9AAZSwSo6jYVmRFmW3Aatu15icwBBa8Tq1C56d5w7Ustc6aJkVbWvcT1UTweyHgaurnaFQu_igEMWEWZ4O_p6SKqh_BhpP_cllKIRoG6hH03ijk9TuSOntyEcHWQkNVOImzarlvIthdPsUjRHUR1ZruEZcQxsyk2Pzw_S347PK67j_EbVidPzyaHQQk87oHK-XouBc23wt0fOD9
link.rule.ids 315,786,790,12792,21416,27955,27956,33406,33407,33777,33778,43633,43838,74390,74657
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3PT9swFH5icGAXtDHQAgN8QHDKSGM7iU8IVXQttGiHgrhFTmxrnVDS0aLtz997dlqEJu0SKYqTw3v2e9_7kfcBnBqjJdfOxioxOhYKL5WQSSwy49JK5cp5rsPJXTa8FzeP8rHrzVl0bZUrm-gNtWlrypFfUKZCpZKry_mvmEijqLjaMWi8gy3BM07bvBh8WxcRaPa6B5FK4KGXspvZiA7zgjJ0P-unGTpz8bX3xieFtkTqkdQLFJML_Bb_mGrvfwYfYKcDjuwqaPojbNhmF6IJYt722afG2RnrP80QgPq7T9A-YBgc8nGsdWz6m_qC7PJH3A9-hk0tQuYwUpnpxrDvNOhi3s3sZtd_lpQ6ZKOGKjnEycNmDUO4yHyphyh_WACsLADWPbgfXE_7w7ijV4hrmSREQm95blEuGCOmRZZVtUM8gfFY5pSQpqCabCUSI3OXSovAALGbTKymUlvO84Lvw2bTNvYzMIQVokqdRtdnRC2MKozhdZ2iJa16ia4jOF8JuJyHKRqljz5ySTyY-U1_PCJVlL0I9r3818tSCtAwTI_g-I1CXr-jqK8nkxEcrjRUdudwUa53TQQn66d4gKgqohvbvuASQphcyYP_vn8C28PpZFyOR3e3h_DeZ3j9H4lfYHP5_GKPEJosq2O_Af8CDXnhng
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1LT9wwEB5RkKpeUKFFDRTwAbWndLOJncQnhBYWlpc4LBW3yIltdSuULOwi-vM7Y3sXISQukaI4OczYM988Mh_AgdZKZMqaWCZaxVzipeYiiXmubVrLQlrHdXh1nZ_d8vM7cRdGCs1CW-XCJjpDrbuGcuQ9ylTIVGSyZ0NXxM3x8HD6EBOBFBVaA5vGB1gjjE0sDuXwdFlQoDnsDlBKjgZAiDC_EZ1nj7J1f5v7CTp2_qv_yj_5FkXql1QzFJn1XBdvzLbzRcPPsB5AJDvyWt-AFdNuQnSF-Ld7dGly9oMN7icIRt3dF-h-Y0jsc3Oss2z8TD1CZv4nHnifw8YG4bMfr8xUq9kNDb2Yhvnd7OTfnNKIbNRSVYf4edikZQgdmSv7EP0P8-CVefD6FW6HJ-PBWRyoFuJGJAkR0pusMCgXjBfTMs_rxiK2wNgst5ILXVJ9tuaJFoVNhUGQgDhOJEZR2a3IijLbgtW2a803YAgxeJ1ahW5Q84ZrWWqdNU2KVrXuJ6qJ4OdCwNXUT9SoXCRSCOLELM4HlyNSRdWPYMvJf7kspWANQ_YI9l4p5OU7knp8chHBzkJDVTiTs2q5gyLYXz7Fw0QVEtWa7gmXENrMpNh-9_19-Ih7r7ocXV_swCeX7HU_J36H1fnjk9lFlDKv99z--w-VKeXT
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Variations+of+Twentieth-Century+Temperature+and+Precipitation+Extreme+Indicators+in+the+Northeast+United+States&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+climate&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+Michael+L&rft.au=Bradley%2C+Raymond+S&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft.pub=American+Meteorological+Society&rft.issn=0894-8755&rft.eissn=1520-0442&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=5401&rft_id=info:doi/10.1175%2F2007jcli1594.1&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK&rft.externalDocID=1382941441
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0894-8755&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0894-8755&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0894-8755&client=summon