Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change

Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regar...

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Published in	Nature communications Vol. 1; no. 1; p. 56
Main Authors	Woolf, Dominic, Amonette, James E., Street-Perrott, F. Alayne, Lehmann, Johannes, Joseph, Stephen
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	London Nature Publishing Group UK 10.08.2010 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects	704/106/35 704/106/47 704/106/694 704/844/682 Anthropogenic factors Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carbon sequestration Charcoal Climate Change Climate change mitigation Crop yield Emissions Food security Global climate Humanities and Social Sciences Methane - metabolism multidisciplinary Nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide - metabolism Pyrolysis Science Science (multidisciplinary) Soil conservation Soil fertility
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Abstract	Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO 2 -C equivalent (CO 2 -C e ) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO 2 -C e emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO 2 -C e , without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. The storage in soils of biochar, the product of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as an attractive option to mitigate climate change. Amonette and co-workers model the potential impact of biochar and find that it could eliminate more carbon from the atmosphere than using the same biomass for biofuel.
AbstractList	Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO(2)), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO(2)-C equivalent (CO(2)-C(e)) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO(2)-C(e) emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO(2)-C(e), without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO2 -C equivalent (CO2 -Ce ) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO2 -Ce emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO2 -Ce , without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO 2 -C equivalent (CO 2 -C e ) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO 2 -C e emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO 2 -C e , without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. The storage in soils of biochar, the product of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as an attractive option to mitigate climate change. Amonette and co-workers model the potential impact of biochar and find that it could eliminate more carbon from the atmosphere than using the same biomass for biofuel. Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8Pg CO sub(2)-C equivalent (CO sub(2)-C sub(e)) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO sub(2)-C sub(e) emissions; 1Pg=1Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130Pg CO sub(2)-C sub(e), without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset. Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO(2)), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO(2)-C equivalent (CO(2)-C(e)) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO(2)-C(e) emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO(2)-C(e), without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset.Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis of biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means of abating climate change by sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy and increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity and sustainability of biochar at the global level. In this paper we estimate the maximum sustainable technical potential of biochar to mitigate climate change. Annual net emissions of carbon dioxide (CO(2)), methane and nitrous oxide could be reduced by a maximum of 1.8 Pg CO(2)-C equivalent (CO(2)-C(e)) per year (12% of current anthropogenic CO(2)-C(e) emissions; 1 Pg=1 Gt), and total net emissions over the course of a century by 130 Pg CO(2)-C(e), without endangering food security, habitat or soil conservation. Biochar has a larger climate-change mitigation potential than combustion of the same sustainably procured biomass for bioenergy, except when fertile soils are amended while coal is the fuel being offset.
ArticleNumber	56
Author	Joseph, Stephen Woolf, Dominic Lehmann, Johannes Amonette, James E. Street-Perrott, F. Alayne
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Dominic surname: Woolf fullname: Woolf, Dominic organization: School of the Environment and Society, Swansea University, Singleton Park – sequence: 2 givenname: James E. surname: Amonette fullname: Amonette, James E. email: jim.amonette@pnl.gov organization: Chemical and Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – sequence: 3 givenname: F. Alayne surname: Street-Perrott fullname: Street-Perrott, F. Alayne organization: School of the Environment and Society, Swansea University, Singleton Park – sequence: 4 givenname: Johannes surname: Lehmann fullname: Lehmann, Johannes organization: Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University – sequence: 5 givenname: Stephen surname: Joseph fullname: Joseph, Stephen organization: The School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975722$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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SubjectTerms	704/106/35 704/106/47 704/106/694 704/844/682 Anthropogenic factors Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carbon sequestration Charcoal Climate Change Climate change mitigation Crop yield Emissions Food security Global climate Humanities and Social Sciences Methane - metabolism multidisciplinary Nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide - metabolism Pyrolysis Science Science (multidisciplinary) Soil conservation Soil fertility
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Title	Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change
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