Spatial Analysis of Risk Factor of Cholera Outbreak for 2003-2004 in a Peri-urban Area of Lusaka, Zambia

A cholera outbreak occurred in Lusaka city between November 28, 2003 and June 8, 2004, and 6,542 cases with 187 deaths (case fatality rata: 2.86) were reported. We analyzed the distribution of cholera cases, the mode of cholera transmission, and the risk factors affecting cholera infection in a peri...

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Published inThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Vol. 79; no. 3; pp. 414 - 421
Main Authors Sasaki, Satoshi, Suzuki, Hiroshi, Igarashi, Kumiko, Tambatamba, Bushimbwa, Mulenga, Philip
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Lawrence, KS ASTMH 01.09.2008
Allen Press
Subjects
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Cholera
Cholera - epidemiology
Disease Outbreaks
Female
Hand Disinfection
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Hygiene - standards
Incidence
Infant
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Regression Analysis
Risk Factors
Socioeconomic Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
Time Factors
Tropical bacterial diseases
Urban Population
Water Supply
Zambia - epidemiology
Zambia
Africa
Zambia, Lusaka
Infection
Epidemic
Prevention
Urban environment
Risk factor
Bacteriosis
Tropical medicine
Cholera
Epidemiology
Hand
Incidence
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Summary:A cholera outbreak occurred in Lusaka city between November 28, 2003 and June 8, 2004, and 6,542 cases with 187 deaths (case fatality rata: 2.86) were reported. We analyzed the distribution of cholera cases, the mode of cholera transmission, and the risk factors affecting cholera infection in a peri-urban area of Lusaka by using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and a matched case-control method. Chloropleth mapping of the incidences of cholera showed variation of the incidences in the study area. Our analysis indicated a significant association between the lack of latrine and drainage systems surrounding houses and high incidence of cholera. The matched case-control study showed the protective role of chlorination of drinking water and of hand washing with soap for cholera prevention. We concluded that cholera occurred because of personal behavior and the environment conditions of daily life.
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ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.414