Identification and Transcriptional Control of the Genes Encoding the Caulobacter crescentus ClpXP Protease

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Published in	Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 181; no. 10; pp. 3039 - 3050
Main Authors	Østerås, Magne, Stotz, Agathe, Nuoffer, Stefanie Schmid, Jenal, Urs
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States American Society for Microbiology 01.05.1999
Subjects	Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Amino acids ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities Bacteria Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Bacteriology Base Sequence Blotting, Western Caulobacter crescentus Caulobacter crescentus - cytology Caulobacter crescentus - enzymology Caulobacter crescentus - genetics Caulobacter crescentus - growth & development Cell Division Cloning, Molecular Consensus Sequence DNA-Binding Proteins Endopeptidase Clp Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - genetics Escherichia coli Proteins Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes Genes, Bacterial - genetics Genetic Complementation Test Genetics and Molecular Biology Heat-Shock Response Microbiology Molecular Chaperones Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Serine Endopeptidases - genetics Serine Endopeptidases - metabolism Transcription Factors Transcription, Genetic - genetics
Online Access	Get full text
ISSN	0021-9193 1067-8832 1098-5530
DOI	10.1128/JB.181.10.3039-3050.1999

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Abstract	Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JB About JB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0021-9193 Online ISSN: 1098-5530 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JB .asm.org, visit: JB
AbstractList	Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley Reddit StumbleUpon Twitter current issue JB About JB Subscribers Authors Reviewers Advertisers Inquiries from the Press Permissions & Commercial Reprints ASM Journals Public Access Policy JB RSS Feeds 1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036 202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org Print ISSN: 0021-9193 Online ISSN: 1098-5530 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Microbiology. For an alternate route to JB .asm.org, visit: JB The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The C. crescentus clpX gene was shown by complementation analysis to be functional in Escherichia coli . However, clpX from E. coli was not able to substitute for the essential nature of the clpX gene in C. crescentus . The clpP and clpX genes are separated on the C. crescentus chromosome by an open reading frame pointing in the opposite direction from the clp genes, and transcription of clpP and clpX was found to be uncoupled. clpP is transcribed as a monocistronic unit with a promoter (P P1 ) located immediately upstream of the 5′ end of the gene and a terminator structure following its 3′ end. P P1 is under heat shock control and is induced upon entry of the cells into the stationary phase. At least three promoters for clpX (P X1 , P X2 , and P X3 ) were mapped in the clpP-clpX intergenic region. In contrast to P P1 , the clpX promoters were found to be downregulated after heat shock but were also subject to growth phase control. In addition, the clpP and clpX promoters showed different activity patterns during the cell cycle. Together, these results demonstrate that the genes coding for the peptidase and the regulatory subunits of the ClpXP protease are under independent transcriptional control in C. crescentus . Determination of the numbers of ClpP and ClpX molecules per cell suggested that ClpX is the limiting component compared with ClpP. The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram- negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The C. crescentus clpX gene was shown by complementation analysis to be functional in Escherichia coli. However, clpX from E. coli was not able to substitute for the essential nature of the clpX gene in C. crescentus. The clpP and clpX genes are separated on the C. crescentus chromosome by an open reading frame pointing in the opposite direction from the clp genes, and transcription of clpP and clpX was found to be uncoupled. clpP is transcribed as a monocistronic unit with a promoter (P sub(P1)) located immediately upstream of the 5' end of the gene and a terminator structure following its 3' end. P sub(P1) is under heat shock control and is induced upon entry of the cells into the stationary phase. At least three promoters for clpX (P sub(X1), P sub(X2), and P sub(X3)) were mapped in the clpP-clpX intergenic region. In contrast to P sub(P1), the clpX promoters were found to be downregulated after heat shock but were also subject to growth phase control. In addition, the clpP and clpX promoters showed different activity patterns during the cell cycle. Together, these results demonstrate that the genes coding for the peptidase and the regulatory subunits of the ClpXP protease are under independent transcriptional control in C. crescentus. Determination of the numbers of ClpP and ClpX molecules per cell suggested that ClpX is the limiting component compared with ClpP. The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The C. crescentus clpX gene was shown by complementation analysis to be functional in Escherichia coli. However, clpX from E. coli was not able to substitute for the essential nature of the clpX gene in C. crescentus. The clpP and clpX genes are separated on the C. crescentus chromosome by an open reading frame pointing in the opposite direction from the clp genes, and transcription of clpP and clpX was found to be uncoupled. clpP is transcribed as a monocistronic unit with a promoter (PP1) located immediately upstream of the 5' end of the gene and a terminator structure following its 3' end. PP1 is under heat shock control and is induced upon entry of the cells into the stationary phase. At least three promoters for clpX (PX1, PX2, and PX3) were mapped in the clpP-clpX intergenic region. In contrast to PP1, the clpX promoters were found to be downregulated after heat shock but were also subject to growth phase control. In addition, the clpP and clpX promoters showed different activity patterns during the cell cycle. Together, these results demonstrate that the genes coding for the peptidase and the regulatory subunits of the ClpXP protease are under independent transcriptional control in C. crescentus. Determination of the numbers of ClpP and ClpX molecules per cell suggested that ClpX is the limiting component compared with ClpP. The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The C. crescentus clpX gene was shown by complementation analysis to be functional in Escherichia coli. However, clpX from E. coli was not able to substitute for the essential nature of the clpX gene in C. crescentus. The clpP and clpX genes are separated on the C. crescentus chromosome by an open reading frame pointing in the opposite direction from the clp genes, and transcription of clpP and clpX was found to be uncoupled. clpP is transcribed as a monocistronic unit with a promoter (PP1) located immediately upstream of the 5' end of the gene and a terminator structure following its 3' end. PP1 is under heat shock control and is induced upon entry of the cells into the stationary phase. At least three promoters for clpX (PX1, PX2, and PX3) were mapped in the clpP-clpX intergenic region. In contrast to PP1, the clpX promoters were found to be downregulated after heat shock but were also subject to growth phase control. In addition, the clpP and clpX promoters showed different activity patterns during the cell cycle. Together, these results demonstrate that the genes coding for the peptidase and the regulatory subunits of the ClpXP protease are under independent transcriptional control in C. crescentus. Determination of the numbers of ClpP and ClpX molecules per cell suggested that ClpX is the limiting component compared with ClpP.The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the C. crescentus ClpP and ClpX proteins with those of their homologues from several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed stronger conservation for the ATPase regulatory subunit (ClpX) than for the peptidase subunit (ClpP). The C. crescentus clpX gene was shown by complementation analysis to be functional in Escherichia coli. However, clpX from E. coli was not able to substitute for the essential nature of the clpX gene in C. crescentus. The clpP and clpX genes are separated on the C. crescentus chromosome by an open reading frame pointing in the opposite direction from the clp genes, and transcription of clpP and clpX was found to be uncoupled. clpP is transcribed as a monocistronic unit with a promoter (PP1) located immediately upstream of the 5' end of the gene and a terminator structure following its 3' end. PP1 is under heat shock control and is induced upon entry of the cells into the stationary phase. At least three promoters for clpX (PX1, PX2, and PX3) were mapped in the clpP-clpX intergenic region. In contrast to PP1, the clpX promoters were found to be downregulated after heat shock but were also subject to growth phase control. In addition, the clpP and clpX promoters showed different activity patterns during the cell cycle. Together, these results demonstrate that the genes coding for the peptidase and the regulatory subunits of the ClpXP protease are under independent transcriptional control in C. crescentus. Determination of the numbers of ClpP and ClpX molecules per cell suggested that ClpX is the limiting component compared with ClpP.
Author	Magne Østerås Stefanie Schmid Nuoffer Urs Jenal Agathe Stotz
AuthorAffiliation	Division of Molecular Microbiology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Notes	SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Molecular Microbiology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: 41-61-267-21-35. Fax: 41-61-267-21-18. E-mail: jenal@ubaclu.unibas.ch.
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Snippet	Article Usage Stats Services JB Citing Articles Google Scholar PubMed Related Content Social Bookmarking CiteULike Delicious Digg Facebook Google+ Mendeley... The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino... The region of the Caulobacter crescentus chromosome harboring the genes for the ClpXP protease was isolated and characterized. Comparison of the deduced amino...
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SubjectTerms	Adenosine Triphosphatases - genetics Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Amino acids ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities Bacteria Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Bacteriology Base Sequence Blotting, Western Caulobacter crescentus Caulobacter crescentus - cytology Caulobacter crescentus - enzymology Caulobacter crescentus - genetics Caulobacter crescentus - growth & development Cell Division Cloning, Molecular Consensus Sequence DNA-Binding Proteins Endopeptidase Clp Escherichia coli Escherichia coli - genetics Escherichia coli Proteins Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes Genes, Bacterial - genetics Genetic Complementation Test Genetics and Molecular Biology Heat-Shock Response Microbiology Molecular Chaperones Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Serine Endopeptidases - genetics Serine Endopeptidases - metabolism Transcription Factors Transcription, Genetic - genetics
Title	Identification and Transcriptional Control of the Genes Encoding the Caulobacter crescentus ClpXP Protease
URI	http://jb.asm.org/content/181/10/3039.abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10322004 https://www.proquest.com/docview/227060029 https://www.proquest.com/docview/17231457 https://www.proquest.com/docview/69748702 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC93758
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