Ultrasound carotid plaque features, cardiovascular disease risk factors and events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events. We measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode caro...

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Published inAtherosclerosis Vol. 276; pp. 195 - 202
Main Authors Mitchell, Carol, Korcarz, Claudia E., Gepner, Adam D., Kaufman, Joel D., Post, Wendy, Tracy, Russell, Gassett, Amanda J., Ma, Nanxun, McClelland, Robyn L., Stein, James H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.09.2018
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Abstract It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events. We measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode carotid ultrasound among 2205 participants who participated in the first (baseline) visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine relationships between ultrasound plaque features and CVD risk factors at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess if TPA, grayscale features, and carotid plaque score (number of arterial segments with a plaque) could predict incident coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease events over a mean follow-up of 13.3 years. Participants were mean (standard deviation [SD]) 65.4 (9.6) years, 49% male, 39% White, 11% Chinese, 28% Black, and 22% Hispanic. Mean TPA 27.7 (24.7) mm2, but no grayscale plaque features, was associated with CVD risk factors. In fully adjusted models, TPA but no grayscale features predicted incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11–1.36; p<0.001), however, C-statistics for CHD were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Neither TPA nor grayscale features independently predicted cerebrovascular events. In middle-aged adults free of known cardiovascular disease, TPA but not grayscale plaque features was associated with CVD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events. For CHD, prediction indices for TPA were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for CAC. In middle-aged individuals free of known cardiovascular disease;•Total plaque area was associated with CHD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events.•Grayscale carotid plaque features did not predict incident CHD events.•For CHD, predictive characteristics of TPA were similar to carotid plaque score, but less than CAC score.
AbstractList It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events.BACKGROUND AND AIMSIt is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events.We measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode carotid ultrasound among 2205 participants who participated in the first (baseline) visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine relationships between ultrasound plaque features and CVD risk factors at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess if TPA, grayscale features, and carotid plaque score (number of arterial segments with a plaque) could predict incident coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease events over a mean follow-up of 13.3 years.METHODSWe measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode carotid ultrasound among 2205 participants who participated in the first (baseline) visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine relationships between ultrasound plaque features and CVD risk factors at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess if TPA, grayscale features, and carotid plaque score (number of arterial segments with a plaque) could predict incident coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease events over a mean follow-up of 13.3 years.Participants were mean (standard deviation [SD]) 65.4 (9.6) years, 49% male, 39% White, 11% Chinese, 28% Black, and 22% Hispanic. Mean TPA 27.7 (24.7) mm2, but no grayscale plaque features, was associated with CVD risk factors. In fully adjusted models, TPA but no grayscale features predicted incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11-1.36; p<0.001), however, C-statistics for CHD were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Neither TPA nor grayscale features independently predicted cerebrovascular events.RESULTSParticipants were mean (standard deviation [SD]) 65.4 (9.6) years, 49% male, 39% White, 11% Chinese, 28% Black, and 22% Hispanic. Mean TPA 27.7 (24.7) mm2, but no grayscale plaque features, was associated with CVD risk factors. In fully adjusted models, TPA but no grayscale features predicted incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11-1.36; p<0.001), however, C-statistics for CHD were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Neither TPA nor grayscale features independently predicted cerebrovascular events.In middle-aged adults free of known cardiovascular disease, TPA but not grayscale plaque features was associated with CVD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events. For CHD, prediction indices for TPA were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for CAC.CONCLUSIONSIn middle-aged adults free of known cardiovascular disease, TPA but not grayscale plaque features was associated with CVD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events. For CHD, prediction indices for TPA were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for CAC.
It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events. We measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode carotid ultrasound among 2205 participants who participated in the first (baseline) visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine relationships between ultrasound plaque features and CVD risk factors at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess if TPA, grayscale features, and carotid plaque score (number of arterial segments with a plaque) could predict incident coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease events over a mean follow-up of 13.3 years. Participants were mean (standard deviation [SD]) 65.4 (9.6) years, 49% male, 39% White, 11% Chinese, 28% Black, and 22% Hispanic. Mean TPA 27.7 (24.7) mm , but no grayscale plaque features, was associated with CVD risk factors. In fully adjusted models, TPA but no grayscale features predicted incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11-1.36; p<0.001), however, C-statistics for CHD were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Neither TPA nor grayscale features independently predicted cerebrovascular events. In middle-aged adults free of known cardiovascular disease, TPA but not grayscale plaque features was associated with CVD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events. For CHD, prediction indices for TPA were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for CAC.
It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events. We measured total carotid plaque area (TPA) and grayscale plaque features (grayscale median, black areas, and discrete white areas) by B-mode carotid ultrasound among 2205 participants who participated in the first (baseline) visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine relationships between ultrasound plaque features and CVD risk factors at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess if TPA, grayscale features, and carotid plaque score (number of arterial segments with a plaque) could predict incident coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease events over a mean follow-up of 13.3 years. Participants were mean (standard deviation [SD]) 65.4 (9.6) years, 49% male, 39% White, 11% Chinese, 28% Black, and 22% Hispanic. Mean TPA 27.7 (24.7) mm2, but no grayscale plaque features, was associated with CVD risk factors. In fully adjusted models, TPA but no grayscale features predicted incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events (HR 1.23; 95%CI 1.11–1.36; p<0.001), however, C-statistics for CHD were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring. Neither TPA nor grayscale features independently predicted cerebrovascular events. In middle-aged adults free of known cardiovascular disease, TPA but not grayscale plaque features was associated with CVD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events. For CHD, prediction indices for TPA were similar to carotid plaque score but less than for CAC. In middle-aged individuals free of known cardiovascular disease;•Total plaque area was associated with CHD risk factors and predicted incident CHD events.•Grayscale carotid plaque features did not predict incident CHD events.•For CHD, predictive characteristics of TPA were similar to carotid plaque score, but less than CAC score.
Author McClelland, Robyn L.
Gepner, Adam D.
Stein, James H.
Mitchell, Carol
Korcarz, Claudia E.
Tracy, Russell
Gassett, Amanda J.
Ma, Nanxun
Kaufman, Joel D.
Post, Wendy
AuthorAffiliation e Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 360 South Park Drive, Colchester, VT, 05446, USA
c Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
d Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore MD, 21287, USA
f Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
a Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison WI, 53792, USA
b William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705, USA
g Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 6200 NE 74 th Street, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
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Keywords CRP
GSM
MESA
BAB
CAC
TPA
Carotid ultrasound
Echogenicity
ICC
Cardiovascular disease
TIA
DWA
CHD
Plaque
Language English
License Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Author Contributions
Carol Mitchell and James Stein developed and designed the study to measure grayscale carotid plaque features. Claudia Korcarz performed data retrieval and developed the database for recording and archiving grayscale carotid plaque measurements. Robyn McClelland developed the statistical methods used in this study and helped interpret the results. Amanda Gassett and Nanxun Ma performed data/statistical analyses. Adam Gepner assisted with image analysis and data interpretation. Joel Kaufman, Wendy Post and Russell Tracy were responsible for interpreting MESA clinical reports and measures in preparation for statistical analyses. All authors assisted with writing of the manuscript.
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Snippet It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD events. We...
It is not known if ultrasound carotid plaque features are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors or if they predict future CVD...
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StartPage 195
SubjectTerms Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cardiovascular disease
Carotid Arteries - diagnostic imaging
Carotid Artery Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Carotid Artery Diseases - ethnology
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Carotid ultrasound
Cerebrovascular Disorders - diagnosis
Cerebrovascular Disorders - ethnology
Coronary Disease - diagnosis
Coronary Disease - ethnology
Echogenicity
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Plaque
Plaque, Atherosclerotic
Predictive Value of Tests
Prevalence
Prognosis
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
United States - epidemiology
Title Ultrasound carotid plaque features, cardiovascular disease risk factors and events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.005
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29970256
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2064242610/abstract/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7436944
Volume 276
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