Global Sea Ice Coverage from Satellite Data Annual Cycle and 35-Yr Trends
Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979–2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the low...
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| Published in | Journal of climate Vol. 27; no. 24; pp. 9377 - 9382 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Boston
American Meteorological Society
15.12.2014
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0894-8755 1520-0442 |
| DOI | 10.1175/jcli-d-14-00605.1 |
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| Abstract | Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979–2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the lower-amplitude Arctic annual cycle but trends more in line with the high-magnitude negative Arctic trends than the lower-magnitude positive Antarctic trends. Globally, monthly sea ice extent reaches a minimumin February and a maximum generally in October or November. All 12 months show negative trends over the 35-yr period, with the largest magnitude monthly trend being the September trend, at −68 200 ± 10 500 km² yr−1(−2.62% ± 0.40% decade−1), and the yearly average trend being −35 000 ± 5900 km² yr−1(−1.47% ± 0.25% decade−1). |
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| AbstractList | Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979–2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the lower-amplitude Arctic annual cycle but trends more in line with the high-magnitude negative Arctic trends than the lower-magnitude positive Antarctic trends. Globally, monthly sea ice extent reaches a minimum in February and a maximum generally in October or November. All 12 months show negative trends over the 35-yr period, with the largest magnitude monthly trend being the September trend, at −68 200 ± 10 500 km2 yr−1 (−2.62% ± 0.40% decade−1), and the yearly average trend being −35 000 ± 5900 km2 yr−1 (−1.47% ± 0.25% decade−1). Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979-2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the lower-amplitude Arctic annual cycle but trends more in line with the high-magnitude negative Arctic trends than the lower-magnitude positive Antarctic trends. Globally, monthly sea ice extent reaches a minimum in February and a maximum generally in October or November. All 12 months show negative trends over the 35-yr period, with the largest magnitude monthly trend being the September trend, at -68200 ± 10500 km^sup 2^yr^sup -1^ (-2.62% ± 0.40%decade^sup -1^), and the yearly average trend being -35000 ± 5900km^sup 2^yr^sup -1^ (-1.47% ± 0.25% decade^sup -1^). Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979-2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the lower-amplitude Arctic annual cycle but trends more in line with the high-magnitude negative Arctic trends than the lower-magnitude positive Antarctic trends. Globally, monthly sea ice extent reaches a minimum in February and a maximum generally in October or November. All 12 months show negative trends over the 35-yr period, with the largest magnitude monthly trend being the September trend, at -68 200 plus or minus 10 500 km super(2) yr super(-1) (-2.62% plus or minus 0.40% decade super(-1)), and the yearly average trend being -35 000 plus or minus 5900 km super(2) yr super(-1) (-1.47% plus or minus 0.25% decade super(-1)). Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the 35-yr period 1979–2013. Results yield a global annual sea ice cycle more in line with the high-amplitude Antarctic annual cycle than the lower-amplitude Arctic annual cycle but trends more in line with the high-magnitude negative Arctic trends than the lower-magnitude positive Antarctic trends. Globally, monthly sea ice extent reaches a minimumin February and a maximum generally in October or November. All 12 months show negative trends over the 35-yr period, with the largest magnitude monthly trend being the September trend, at −68 200 ± 10 500 km² yr−1(−2.62% ± 0.40% decade−1), and the yearly average trend being −35 000 ± 5900 km² yr−1(−1.47% ± 0.25% decade−1). |
| Author | Parkinson, Claire L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Claire L. surname: Parkinson fullname: Parkinson, Claire L. organization: Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland |
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| Copyright | 2014 American Meteorological Society Copyright American Meteorological Society Dec 15, 2014 Copyright American Meteorological Society 2014 |
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| Snippet | Well-established satellite-derived Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extents are combined to create the global picture of sea ice extents and their changes over the... |
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| SubjectTerms | Amplitude Amplitudes Annual variations Antarctic sea ice Antarctica Arctic sea ice Atmospherics Climate Climate change Datasets Geometric lines Global warming Ice Ice cover Meteorological satellites Oceans Pictures Radiation Satellite data Satellites Sea ice Seas Sensors Temperature Trends |
| Subtitle | Annual Cycle and 35-Yr Trends |
| Title | Global Sea Ice Coverage from Satellite Data |
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