Functional trade-offs increase species diversity in experimental plant communities
Functional trade‐offs have long been recognised as important mechanisms of species coexistence, but direct experimental evidence for such mechanisms is extremely rare. Here, we test the effect of one classical trade‐off – a negative correlation between seed size and seed number – by establishing mic...
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| Published in | Ecology letters Vol. 15; no. 11; pp. 1276 - 1282 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.11.2012
Blackwell |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Functional trade‐offs have long been recognised as important mechanisms of species coexistence, but direct experimental evidence for such mechanisms is extremely rare. Here, we test the effect of one classical trade‐off – a negative correlation between seed size and seed number – by establishing microcosm plant communities with positive, negative and no correlation between seed size and seed number and analysing the effect of the seed size/number correlation on species richness. Consistent with theory, a negative correlation between seed size and seed number led to a higher number of species in the communities and a corresponding wider range of seed size (a measure of functional richness) by promoting coexistence of large‐ and small‐seeded species. Our study provides the first direct evidence that a seed size/number trade‐off may contribute to species coexistence, and at a wider context, demonstrates the potential role of functional trade‐offs in maintaining species diversity. |
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| AbstractList | Functional trade-offs have long been recognised as important mechanisms of species coexistence, but direct experimental evidence for such mechanisms is extremely rare. Here, we test the effect of one classical trade-off - a negative correlation between seed size and seed number - by establishing microcosm plant communities with positive, negative and no correlation between seed size and seed number and analysing the effect of the seed size/number correlation on species richness. Consistent with theory, a negative correlation between seed size and seed number led to a higher number of species in the communities and a corresponding wider range of seed size (a measure of functional richness) by promoting coexistence of large- and small-seeded species. Our study provides the first direct evidence that a seed size/number trade-off may contribute to species coexistence, and at a wider context, demonstrates the potential role of functional trade-offs in maintaining species diversity. Abstract Functional trade‐offs have long been recognised as important mechanisms of species coexistence, but direct experimental evidence for such mechanisms is extremely rare. Here, we test the effect of one classical trade‐off – a negative correlation between seed size and seed number – by establishing microcosm plant communities with positive, negative and no correlation between seed size and seed number and analysing the effect of the seed size/number correlation on species richness. Consistent with theory, a negative correlation between seed size and seed number led to a higher number of species in the communities and a corresponding wider range of seed size (a measure of functional richness) by promoting coexistence of large‐ and small‐seeded species. Our study provides the first direct evidence that a seed size/number trade‐off may contribute to species coexistence, and at a wider context, demonstrates the potential role of functional trade‐offs in maintaining species diversity. Functional trade-offs have long been recognised as important mechanisms of species coexistence, but direct experimental evidence for such mechanisms is extremely rare. Here, we test the effect of one classical trade-off - a negative correlation between seed size and seed number - by establishing microcosm plant communities with positive, negative and no correlation between seed size and seed number and analysing the effect of the seed size/number correlation on species richness. Consistent with theory, a negative correlation between seed size and seed number led to a higher number of species in the communities and a corresponding wider range of seed size (a measure of functional richness) by promoting coexistence of large- and small-seeded species. Our study provides the first direct evidence that a seed size/number trade-off may contribute to species coexistence, and at a wider context, demonstrates the potential role of functional trade-offs in maintaining species diversity. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Hadas, Rivka Ben-Hur, Eyal Fragman-Sapir, Ori Singer, Alon Kadmon, Ronen |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Eyal surname: Ben-Hur fullname: Ben-Hur, Eyal email: Eyal.ben-hur@mail.huji.ac.il organization: Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, Institute of Life Sciences, Campus Edmond J. Safra, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel – sequence: 2 givenname: Ori surname: Fragman-Sapir fullname: Fragman-Sapir, Ori organization: Jerusalem Botanical Gardens, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel – sequence: 3 givenname: Rivka surname: Hadas fullname: Hadas, Rivka organization: Israel Plant Gene Bank, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center, P.O. Box 650250, Bet-Dagan, Israel – sequence: 4 givenname: Alon surname: Singer fullname: Singer, Alon organization: Israel Plant Gene Bank, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization - Volcani Center, P.O. Box 650250, Bet-Dagan, Israel – sequence: 5 givenname: Ronen surname: Kadmon fullname: Kadmon, Ronen organization: Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, Institute of Life Sciences, Campus Edmond J. Safra, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat-Ram, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel |
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| Copyright | 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS 2015 INIST-CNRS 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS. Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS |
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| Keywords | Competition Seeds Neutral theory Plant community null models Annual plant Coexistence Annual plants Functional diversity Hypothesis test Species diversity manipulation experiment Manipulation Statistical model seed size Experimental plant competition―colonisation trade-off Colonization |
| Language | English |
| License | CC BY 4.0 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS. |
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| Notes | The Israel Science Foundation - No. 454/11 ArticleID:ELE1850 Table S1 Results of laboratory germination tests. The data obtained by a laboratory germination experiment (see main text). Seeds were let to germinate on an agar plate and after 68 days all seeds were categorised as germinating, mouldy (die), empty (based on cut-tests) or dormant. Values presented are the fraction of seeds in each category. The species Campanula sulphurea was not included in these tests due to a shortage of seeds. Israel Ministry of Science ark:/67375/WNG-D7DN4SWQ-1 istex:D79AFE06D04A6535FFF50FFCD6A45596902C1E0A ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 |
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| Title | Functional trade-offs increase species diversity in experimental plant communities |
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