Effect of branched-chain amino acids on the composition and cytolytic activity of liver-associated lymphocytes in rats
Background : Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients. Methods : Branched‐chain amino acids were given as a sup...
Saved in:
Published in | Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Vol. 15; no. 8; pp. 849 - 859 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Melbourne, Australia
Blackwell Science Pty
01.08.2000
Blackwell Science |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Background
: Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients.
Methods
: Branched‐chain amino acids were given as a supplement to carbon tetrachloride‐induced cirrhotic rats, and an aminogram of the liver and kinetics of liver‐associated lymphocytes (LAL) were then analysed.
Results
: Liver cirrhosis was established at the 12th week, and glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P)‐positive lesions, which are known to be pre‐neoplastic lesions, occupied 1.72 ± 0.84% of the liver at the 16th week in the controls. At this time the LAL showed an increase in the number of CD5‐, CD8‐ and CD18‐positive cells and augmentation of lectin‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) activity. Furthermore, supplementation of BCAA increased the number of LAL, especially CD8‐positive cells and natural killer cells, and augmented LDCC activity of LAL at the 16th week. The number of LAL was positively correlated with the valine concentration in the plasma and liver, and the area of GST‐P‐positive lesions tended to be decreased in the BCAA group.
Conclusion
: These findings suggest that BCAA administration has stimulatory effects on the local immune systems of the liver, which may have a potential to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, among all amino acids valine might be an important amino acid for enhancing the immune function of LAL. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Background
: Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients.
Methods
: Branched‐chain amino acids were given as a supplement to carbon tetrachloride‐induced cirrhotic rats, and an aminogram of the liver and kinetics of liver‐associated lymphocytes (LAL) were then analysed.
Results
: Liver cirrhosis was established at the 12th week, and glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P)‐positive lesions, which are known to be pre‐neoplastic lesions, occupied 1.72 ± 0.84% of the liver at the 16th week in the controls. At this time the LAL showed an increase in the number of CD5‐, CD8‐ and CD18‐positive cells and augmentation of lectin‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) activity. Furthermore, supplementation of BCAA increased the number of LAL, especially CD8‐positive cells and natural killer cells, and augmented LDCC activity of LAL at the 16th week. The number of LAL was positively correlated with the valine concentration in the plasma and liver, and the area of GST‐P‐positive lesions tended to be decreased in the BCAA group.
Conclusion
: These findings suggest that BCAA administration has stimulatory effects on the local immune systems of the liver, which may have a potential to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, among all amino acids valine might be an important amino acid for enhancing the immune function of LAL. Although branched-chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients. Branched-chain amino acids were given as a supplement to carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rats, and an aminogram of the liver and kinetics of liver-associated lymphocytes (LAL) were then analysed. Liver cirrhosis was established at the 12th week, and glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive lesions, which are known to be pre-neoplastic lesions, occupied 1.72+/-0.84% of the liver at the 16th week in the controls. At this time the LAL showed an increase in the number of CD5-, CD8- and CD18-positive cells and augmentation of lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) activity. Furthermore, supplementation of BCAA increased the number of LAL, especially CD8-positive cells and natural killer cells, and augmented LDCC activity of LAL at the 16th week. The number of LAL was positively correlated with the valine concentration in the plasma and liver, and the area of GST-P-positive lesions tended to be decreased in the BCAA group. These findings suggest that BCAA administration has stimulatory effects on the local immune systems of the liver, which may have a potential to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, among all amino acids valine might be an important amino acid for enhancing the immune function of LAL. BACKGROUNDAlthough branched-chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients. METHODSBranched-chain amino acids were given as a supplement to carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rats, and an aminogram of the liver and kinetics of liver-associated lymphocytes (LAL) were then analysed. RESULTSLiver cirrhosis was established at the 12th week, and glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive lesions, which are known to be pre-neoplastic lesions, occupied 1.72+/-0.84% of the liver at the 16th week in the controls. At this time the LAL showed an increase in the number of CD5-, CD8- and CD18-positive cells and augmentation of lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) activity. Furthermore, supplementation of BCAA increased the number of LAL, especially CD8-positive cells and natural killer cells, and augmented LDCC activity of LAL at the 16th week. The number of LAL was positively correlated with the valine concentration in the plasma and liver, and the area of GST-P-positive lesions tended to be decreased in the BCAA group. CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that BCAA administration has stimulatory effects on the local immune systems of the liver, which may have a potential to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, among all amino acids valine might be an important amino acid for enhancing the immune function of LAL. Abstract Background : Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not clear whether BCAA could influence the immune function in those patients. Methods : Branched‐chain amino acids were given as a supplement to carbon tetrachloride‐induced cirrhotic rats, and an aminogram of the liver and kinetics of liver‐associated lymphocytes (LAL) were then analysed. Results : Liver cirrhosis was established at the 12th week, and glutathione S‐transferase placental form (GST‐P)‐positive lesions, which are known to be pre‐neoplastic lesions, occupied 1.72 ± 0.84% of the liver at the 16th week in the controls. At this time the LAL showed an increase in the number of CD5‐, CD8‐ and CD18‐positive cells and augmentation of lectin‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) activity. Furthermore, supplementation of BCAA increased the number of LAL, especially CD8‐positive cells and natural killer cells, and augmented LDCC activity of LAL at the 16th week. The number of LAL was positively correlated with the valine concentration in the plasma and liver, and the area of GST‐P‐positive lesions tended to be decreased in the BCAA group. Conclusion : These findings suggest that BCAA administration has stimulatory effects on the local immune systems of the liver, which may have a potential to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, among all amino acids valine might be an important amino acid for enhancing the immune function of LAL. |
Author | Shimizu, Yukihiro Higuchi, Kiyohiro Tsukishiro, Takashi Watanabe, Akiharu |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Takashi surname: Tsukishiro fullname: Tsukishiro, Takashi organization: Department of Internal Medicine, Itoigawa General Hospital, Niigata and – sequence: 2 givenname: Yukihiro surname: Shimizu fullname: Shimizu, Yukihiro organization: Department of Internal Medicine (III), Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Kiyohiro surname: Higuchi fullname: Higuchi, Kiyohiro organization: Department of Internal Medicine (III), Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Akiharu surname: Watanabe fullname: Watanabe, Akiharu organization: Department of Internal Medicine (III), Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1496044$$DView record in Pascal Francis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11022824$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNqNkE1v1DAQQC1URLeFv4B8QNySjh3n68ABVe2WUkAIUKVeLGfsaL0k8Tb2Lpt_j8Ou2isn2_J7M9I7IyeDGwwhlEHKQBQX65QJAQkrRZFyAEiBcw7p_gVZPH2ckAVULE_qjNWn5Mz7dQQFlPkrcspYFCouFmR31bYGA3UtbUY14MroBFfKDlT1dnBUodWeuoGGlaHo-o3zNtj4VoOmOAXXTcFixILd2TDNczq7M2OivHdoVTCadlO_WbkIG0_j4FEF_5q8bFXnzZvjeU5-XV_9vLxJ7r4tP11-vEtQ1BUkeYUaSpGjYqA0GsiwKVoOHGuAUmmouaqqJlcNthkWGlHnBfK2UKKGssHsnLw_zN2M7nFrfJC99Wi6Tg3Gbb0secY4sDyC1QHE0Xk_mlZuRturcZIM5NxcruWcVs5p5dxc_msu91F9e9yxbXqjn8Vj5Ai8OwLKo-raubP1z5yoCxAz9uGA_bGdmf57v7xd3sy36CcH3_pg9k--Gn_LoszKXN5_Xcr64f77jy8Pn-V19hfiQbAU |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s12263_017_0582_2 crossref_primary_10_1093_nutrit_nuy037 crossref_primary_10_1590_S0100_736X2008000100007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psj_2021_101625 crossref_primary_10_3389_fragi_2024_1393216 crossref_primary_10_3390_metabo10120517 crossref_primary_10_1177_0148607112456041 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0211_139X_08_71177_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00726_021_02940_w crossref_primary_10_1080_14728222_2017_1323879 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40104_023_00927_z crossref_primary_10_1111_anu_12562 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2020_06_010 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_01142_4 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers14215401 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_54090 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00281_017_0659_4 crossref_primary_10_1017_S000711450769936X crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms222111427 crossref_primary_10_1039_C8RA04358B crossref_primary_10_1186_s40795_023_00746_5 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00262_019_02427_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2017_10_082 crossref_primary_10_1039_C7RA12451A crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nut_2016_07_013 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12864_021_07538_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fsi_2017_06_033 crossref_primary_10_1093_jn_136_1_288S crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rvsc_2023_03_019 crossref_primary_10_1093_jas_skaa138 crossref_primary_10_1002_lt_22324 crossref_primary_10_1093_jas_sky168 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms15035163 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aquaculture_2013_09_026 crossref_primary_10_4240_wjgs_v15_i11_2596 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aqrep_2024_102214 crossref_primary_10_1292_jvms_21_0529 crossref_primary_10_1177_1534735421997551 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90284-6 10.1007/BF00200015 10.1093/ajcn/51.2.188 10.1002/hep.1840020405 10.1007/BF01488802 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.1.146 10.1177/0148607183007006521 10.1007/BF00200018 10.1084/jem.160.5.1431 10.1006/jsre.1996.0263 10.1097/00007890-197703000-00009 10.1016/0016-5085(90)90293-A 10.4049/jimmunol.134.6.4267 10.1093/carcin/9.2.215 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1988.tb00022.x 10.1055/s-2007-1007340 10.1016/0016-5085(93)90961-B 10.1002/hep.1840190234 10.1007/BF02774169 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90062-S 10.1093/jn/127.1.158 10.1002/hep.1840120112 10.1093/ajcn/30.10.1645 10.1002/hep.1840160228 10.1002/hep.1840140315 10.1093/carcin/12.8.1365 10.1002/hep.1840150512 10.1177/0148607184008006622 10.1016/0026-0495(76)90075-5 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-352.x 10.1097/00000658-198403000-00007 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2000 INIST-CNRS |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 2000 INIST-CNRS |
DBID | BSCLL IQODW CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 |
DOI | 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02220.x |
DatabaseName | Istex Pascal-Francis Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic CrossRef |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine |
EISSN | 1440-1746 |
EndPage | 859 |
ExternalDocumentID | 10_1046_j_1440_1746_2000_02220_x 11022824 1496044 JGH2220 ark_67375_WNG_9ZWQSMZK_F |
Genre | article Journal Article |
GroupedDBID | --- .3N .GA .Y3 05W 0R~ 10A 1OB 1OC 29K 31~ 33P 36B 3SF 4.4 50Y 50Z 51W 51X 52M 52N 52O 52P 52R 52S 52T 52U 52V 52W 52X 53G 5GY 5HH 5LA 5VS 66C 702 7PT 8-0 8-1 8-3 8-4 8-5 8UM 930 A01 A03 AAESR AAEVG AAHHS AANLZ AAONW AASGY AAVGM AAXRX AAZKR ABCQN ABCUV ABEML ABHUG ABJNI ABPTK ABPVW ABQWH ABXGK ACAHQ ACBWZ ACCFJ ACCZN ACGFS ACGOF ACMXC ACPOU ACPRK ACSCC ACXBN ACXME ACXQS ADAWD ADBBV ADBTR ADDAD ADEOM ADIZJ ADKYN ADMGS ADOZA ADXAS ADZMN AEEZP AEGXH AEIGN AEIMD AENEX AEQDE AEUQT AEUYR AFBPY AFEBI AFFPM AFGKR AFPWT AFVGU AFZJQ AGJLS AHBTC AHEFC AIACR AIURR AIWBW AJBDE ALAGY ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALUQN AMBMR AMYDB ASPBG ATUGU AVWKF AZBYB AZFZN AZVAB BAFTC BDRZF BFHJK BHBCM BMXJE BROTX BRXPI BSCLL BY8 C45 CAG COF CS3 D-6 D-7 D-E D-F D-I DCZOG DPXWK DR2 DRFUL DRMAN DRSTM DTERQ DU5 EBS EJD EMOBN ESX EX3 F00 F01 F04 F5P FEDTE FUBAC FZ0 G-S G.N GODZA H.X HF~ HVGLF HZI HZ~ IHE IX1 J0M K48 KBYEO KMS LATKE LC2 LC3 LEEKS LH4 LITHE LOXES LP6 LP7 LUTES LW6 LYRES MEWTI MK4 MRFUL MRMAN MRSTM MSFUL MSMAN MSSTM MXFUL MXMAN MXSTM N04 N05 N9A NF~ O66 O9- OVD P2P P2W P2X P2Z P4B P4D PALCI Q.N Q11 QB0 R.K RIWAO RJQFR ROL RX1 SAMSI SUPJJ TEORI UB1 W8V W99 WBKPD WH7 WHWMO WIH WIJ WIK WOHZO WOQ WOW WQJ WRC WUP WVDHM WXI WXSBR XG1 YFH ZZTAW ~IA ~WT AITYG HGLYW OIG IQODW CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c4980-58cd0745ca10adce03cb6f202c9007ad092a88b5abcf3c6dccd56c2f6a4907bc3 |
IEDL.DBID | DR2 |
ISSN | 0815-9319 |
IngestDate | Fri Aug 16 09:30:43 EDT 2024 Fri Aug 23 01:53:46 EDT 2024 Thu May 23 23:49:51 EDT 2024 Sun Oct 29 17:09:26 EDT 2023 Sat Aug 24 00:57:17 EDT 2024 Wed Jan 17 05:02:37 EST 2024 |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 8 |
Keywords | Immunopathology Immune response Nutrition Rat Liver Rodentia Hepatic disease Stimulation Biological activity Branched chain Cirrhosis Vertebrata Experimental disease Mammalia Aminoacid Animal Digestive diseases Supplementation Lymphocyte |
Language | English |
License | CC BY 4.0 |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c4980-58cd0745ca10adce03cb6f202c9007ad092a88b5abcf3c6dccd56c2f6a4907bc3 |
Notes | ArticleID:JGH2220 istex:CA4EDEDD517388B65A8CFDBEC806FE5DB753E66F ark:/67375/WNG-9ZWQSMZK-F ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
PMID | 11022824 |
PQID | 72312015 |
PQPubID | 23479 |
PageCount | 11 |
ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_72312015 crossref_primary_10_1046_j_1440_1746_2000_02220_x pubmed_primary_11022824 pascalfrancis_primary_1496044 wiley_primary_10_1046_j_1440_1746_2000_02220_x_JGH2220 istex_primary_ark_67375_WNG_9ZWQSMZK_F |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | August 2000 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2000-08-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 08 year: 2000 text: August 2000 |
PublicationDecade | 2000 |
PublicationPlace | Melbourne, Australia |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Melbourne, Australia – name: Carlton – name: Australia |
PublicationTitle | Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology |
PublicationTitleAlternate | J Gastroenterol Hepatol |
PublicationYear | 2000 |
Publisher | Blackwell Science Pty Blackwell Science |
Publisher_xml | – name: Blackwell Science Pty – name: Blackwell Science |
References | Xu Y, Campbell HA, Sattler GL et al. Quantitative stereological analysis of the effects of age and sex on multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat by use of four cytochemical markers. Cancer Res. 1990; 50: 472 9. Cerra FB, Mazuski JE, Chute E et al. Branched chain metabolic support. A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial in surgical stress. Ann. Surg. 1984; 199: 286 91. Wiltrout RH, Mathieson BJ, Talmadge JE et al. Augmentation of organ-associated natural killer activity by biological response modifiers. Isolation and characterization of large granular lymphocytes from the liver. J. Exp. Med. 1984; 160: 1431 49. Bonavida B, Robins A, Saxon A. Lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in man. Transplantation 1977; 23: 261 70. Klimberg VS, Kornbluth J, Cao Y, Dang A, Blossom S, Schaeffer RF. Glutamine suppresses PGE2 synthesis and breast cancer growth. J. Surg. Res. 1996; 63: 293 7.DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1996.0263 Sato K. Glutathione S-transferases and hepatocarcinogenesis. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1988; 79: 556 72. Tatematsu M, Mera Y, Inoue T, Satoh K, Sato K, Ito N. Stable phenotypic expression of glutathione S-transferase placental type and unstable phenotypic expression of γ-glutamyltransferase in rat liver preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Carcinogenesis 1988; 9: 215 20. Matsuzaki T, Murase N, Yagihashi A et al. Liver transplantation for diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Transplant. Proc. 1992; 24: 748 51. Wright PFA & Stacey NH. A species/strain comparison of hepatic natural lymphocytotoxic activities in rats and mice. Carcinogenesis 1991; 12: 1365 70. Reuber MD & Glover EL. Cirrhosis and carcinoma of the liver in male rats given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 1970; 44: 419 27. Nompleggi DJ & Bonkovsky HL. Nutritional supplementation in chronic liver disease: An analytical review. Hepatology 1994; 19: 518 33. Sato K, Kitahara A, Satoh K, Ishikawa T, Tatematsu M, Ito N. The placental form of glutathione S-transferase as a new marker protein for preneoplasia in rat chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. Gann 1984; 75: 199 202. Nuwer N, Cerra FB, Shronts EP, Lysne J, Teasley KM, Konstantinides FN. Does modified amino acid total parenteral nutrition alter immune response in high level surgical stress. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 1983; 7: 521 4. Vanderkerken K, Bouwens L, Wisse E. Characterization of a phenotypically and functionally distinct subset of large granular lymphocytes (Pit cells) in rat liver sinusoids. Hepatology 1990; 12: 70 5. Grasso P & Hinton RH. Evidence for and possible mechanisms of non-genotoxic carcinogenesis in rodent liver. Mutat. Res. 1991; 248: 271 90. Strayer DR, Carter WA, Mayberry SD, Pequignot E, Brodsky I. Low natural cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in individuals with high familial incidence of cancer. Cancer Res. 1984; 44: 370 4. Oíkeefe SJ, El-Zayadi AR, Carraher TE, Davis M, Williams R. Malnutrition and immunoincompetence in patients with liver disease. Lancet 1980; 20: 615 17. Cabre E, Gonzalez-Huix F, Abad-Lacruz A et al. Effect of total enteral nutrition on the short-term outcome of severely malnourished cirrhosis. A randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 715 20. Bouwens L, Jacobs R, Remels L, Wisse E. Natural cytotoxicity of rat hepatic natural killer cells and macrophages against a syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 1988; 27: 137 41. Hata K, Van Thiel DH, Herberman RB, Whiteside TL. Natural killer activity of human liver-derived lymphocytes in various liver diseases. Hepatology 1991; 14: 495 503. Wiltrout RH, Herberman RB, Zhang S-R et al. Role of organ-associated NK cells in decreased formation of experimental metastasis in lung and liver. J. Immunol. 1985; 134: 4267 75. Winnock M, Garcia-Barcina M, Huet S et al. Functional characterization of liver-associated lymphocytes in patients with liver metastasis. Gastroenterology 1993; 105: 1152 8. Hata K, Van Thiel DH, Herberman RB, Whiteside TL. Phenotypic and functional characteristics of lymphocytes isolated from liver biopsy specimens from patients with active liver disease. Hepatology 1992; 15: 816 23. Ganda OP & Ruderman NB. Muscle nitrogen metabolism in chronic hepatic insufficiency. Metabolism 1976; 25: 427 35. Marchesini G, Zoli M, Dondi C, Bianchi G, Cirulli M, Pisi E. Anticatabolic effect of branched-chain amino acid-enriched solutions in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatology 1982; 2: 420 5. Chevalier P & Aschkenasy A. Hematological and immunological effects of excess dietary leucine in the young rat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1977; 30: 1645 54. Germolec DR, Maronpot RR, Ackermann MF et al. Lack of a relationship between immune function and chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in B6C3F1 mice. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 1988; 27: 121 7. Pitot HC & Sirica AE. The stages of initiation and promotion in hepatocarcinogenesis. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1980; 605: 191 215. Reuber MD. Development of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the liver in male rats given 0.025 percent N-2-fluorenyldiacetamide. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 1965; 34: 697 724. Pouliot N, Maghni K, Blanchette F et al. Natural killer and lectin-dependent cytotoxic activities of Kurloff cells: Target cell selectivity, conjugate formation, and Ca++ dependency. Inflammation 1996; 20: 647 71. Yoshida T, Muto Y, Moriwaki H, Yamato M. Effect of long-term oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acid granules on the prognosis of liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterol. Jpn 1989; 24: 692 8. Rohde T, MacLean DA, Pedersen BK. Glutamine, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. Scand. J. Immunol. 1996; 44: 648 50. Bonau RA, Ang SD, Jeevanandam M, Daly JM. High-branched chain amino acid solutions: Relationship of composition to efficacy. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 1984; 8: 622 7. Norris JR, Meadows GG, Massey LK, Starkey JR, Sylvester DM, Liu S-Y. Tyrosine- and phenylalanine-restricted diet augments immunocompetence in healthy humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990; 51: 188 96. Shewchuk LD, Baracos VE, Field CJ. Dietary L-glutamine supplementation reduces the growth of the Morris hepatoma 7777 in exercise-trained and sedentary rats. J. Nutr. 1997; 127: 158 66. Winnock M, Garcia-Barcina M, Lukomska B, Bioulac-Sage P, Balabaud C. Liver-associated lymphocytes: Role in tumor defense. Semin. Liver Dis. 1993; 13: 81 93. Kitagawa T. Sequential phenotypic changes in hyperplastic areas during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Cancer Res. 1976; 36: 2534 9. Rohde T, Ullum H, Palmo J, Halkjaer KJ, Newsholme EA, Pedersen BK. Effects of glutamine on the immune system-influence of muscular exercise and HIV infection. J. Appl. Physiol. 1995; 79: 146 50. Reuber MD & Glover EL. Hyperplastic and early neoplastic lesions of the liver in Buffalo strain rats of various ages given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 1967; 38: 891 9. Shiratori Y, Nakata R, Okano K et al. Inhibition of hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma by asialo GM1-positive cells in the liver. Hepatology 1992; 16: 469 78. 1990; 51 1984; 160 1990; 98 1976; 25 1990; 12 1965; 34 1991; 14 1980; 20 1991; 12 1995; 79 1983; 7 1984; 44 1988; 79 1992; 15 1992; 16 1977; 23 1989; 24 1993; 105 1993; 13 1984; 75 1997; 127 1976; 36 1980; 605 1994; 19 1982; 2 1988; 9 1984; 199 1984; 8 1988; 27 1985; 134 1970; 44 1996; 63 1977; 30 1992; 24 1967; 38 1991; 248 1996; 20 1996; 44 1990; 50 Strayer DR (e_1_2_6_38_2) 1984; 44 e_1_2_6_31_2 e_1_2_6_30_2 Matsuzaki T (e_1_2_6_16_2) 1992; 24 Reuber MD (e_1_2_6_18_2) 1967; 38 Xu Y (e_1_2_6_39_2) 1990; 50 Wiltrout RH (e_1_2_6_10_2) 1985; 134 Reuber MD. (e_1_2_6_23_2) 1965; 34 e_1_2_6_12_2 e_1_2_6_35_2 e_1_2_6_13_2 e_1_2_6_34_2 e_1_2_6_33_2 e_1_2_6_11_2 e_1_2_6_32_2 e_1_2_6_17_2 Pitot HC (e_1_2_6_25_2) 1980; 605 e_1_2_6_14_2 e_1_2_6_37_2 e_1_2_6_15_2 e_1_2_6_36_2 e_1_2_6_41_2 e_1_2_6_40_2 Kitagawa T. (e_1_2_6_24_2) 1976; 36 Sato K (e_1_2_6_20_2) 1984; 75 e_1_2_6_8_2 e_1_2_6_7_2 e_1_2_6_9_2 e_1_2_6_29_2 e_1_2_6_4_2 e_1_2_6_3_2 e_1_2_6_6_2 e_1_2_6_5_2 e_1_2_6_2_2 e_1_2_6_22_2 Reuber MD (e_1_2_6_19_2) 1970; 44 e_1_2_6_21_2 e_1_2_6_28_2 e_1_2_6_27_2 e_1_2_6_26_2 |
References_xml | – volume: 134 start-page: 4267 year: 1985 end-page: 75 article-title: Role of organ‐associated NK cells in decreased formation of experimental metastasis in lung and liver. publication-title: J. Immunol. – volume: 75 start-page: 199 year: 1984 end-page: 202 article-title: The placental form of glutathione S‐transferase as a new marker protein for preneoplasia in rat chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. publication-title: Gann – volume: 44 start-page: 370 year: 1984 end-page: 4 article-title: Low natural cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in individuals with high familial incidence of cancer. publication-title: Cancer Res. – volume: 50 start-page: 472 year: 1990 end-page: 9 article-title: Quantitative stereological analysis of the effects of age and sex on multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat by use of four cytochemical markers. publication-title: Cancer Res. – volume: 8 start-page: 622 year: 1984 end-page: 7 article-title: High‐branched chain amino acid solutions: Relationship of composition to efficacy. publication-title: J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. – volume: 36 start-page: 2534 year: 1976 end-page: 9 article-title: Sequential phenotypic changes in hyperplastic areas during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. publication-title: Cancer Res. – volume: 23 start-page: 261 year: 1977 end-page: 70 article-title: Lectin‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity in man. publication-title: Transplantation – volume: 63 start-page: 293 year: 1996 end-page: 7 article-title: Glutamine suppresses PGE2 synthesis and breast cancer growth. publication-title: J. Surg. Res. – volume: 12 start-page: 70 year: 1990 end-page: 5 article-title: Characterization of a phenotypically and functionally distinct subset of large granular lymphocytes (Pit cells) in rat liver sinusoids. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 20 start-page: 647 year: 1996 end-page: 71 article-title: Natural killer and lectin‐dependent cytotoxic activities of Kurloff cells: Target cell selectivity, conjugate formation, and Ca dependency. publication-title: Inflammation – volume: 79 start-page: 146 year: 1995 end-page: 50 article-title: Effects of glutamine on the immune system‐influence of muscular exercise and HIV infection. publication-title: J. Appl. Physiol. – volume: 20 start-page: 615 year: 1980 end-page: 17 article-title: Malnutrition and immunoincompetence in patients with liver disease. publication-title: Lancet – volume: 51 start-page: 188 year: 1990 end-page: 96 article-title: Tyrosine‐ and phenylalanine‐restricted diet augments immunocompetence in healthy humans. publication-title: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. – volume: 12 start-page: 1365 year: 1991 end-page: 70 article-title: A species/strain comparison of hepatic natural lymphocytotoxic activities in rats and mice. publication-title: Carcinogenesis – volume: 14 start-page: 495 year: 1991 end-page: 503 article-title: Natural killer activity of human liver‐derived lymphocytes in various liver diseases. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 30 start-page: 1645 year: 1977 end-page: 54 article-title: Hematological and immunological effects of excess dietary leucine in the young rat. publication-title: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. – volume: 160 start-page: 1431 year: 1984 end-page: 49 article-title: Augmentation of organ‐associated natural killer activity by biological response modifiers. Isolation and characterization of large granular lymphocytes from the liver. publication-title: J. Exp. Med. – volume: 25 start-page: 427 year: 1976 end-page: 35 article-title: Muscle nitrogen metabolism in chronic hepatic insufficiency. publication-title: Metabolism – volume: 127 start-page: 158 year: 1997 end-page: 66 article-title: Dietary L‐glutamine supplementation reduces the growth of the Morris hepatoma 7777 in exercise‐trained and sedentary rats. publication-title: J. Nutr. – volume: 2 start-page: 420 year: 1982 end-page: 5 article-title: Anticatabolic effect of branched‐chain amino acid‐enriched solutions in patients with liver cirrhosis. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 38 start-page: 891 year: 1967 end-page: 9 article-title: Hyperplastic and early neoplastic lesions of the liver in Buffalo strain rats of various ages given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. – volume: 605 start-page: 191 year: 1980 end-page: 215 article-title: The stages of initiation and promotion in hepatocarcinogenesis. publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Acta – volume: 7 start-page: 521 year: 1983 end-page: 4 article-title: Does modified amino acid total parenteral nutrition alter immune response in high level surgical stress. publication-title: J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. – volume: 24 start-page: 748 year: 1992 end-page: 51 article-title: Liver transplantation for diethylnitrosamine‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. publication-title: Transplant. Proc. – volume: 34 start-page: 697 year: 1965 end-page: 724 article-title: Development of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the liver in male rats given 0.025 percent N‐2‐fluorenyldiacetamide. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. – volume: 27 start-page: 137 year: 1988 end-page: 41 article-title: Natural cytotoxicity of rat hepatic natural killer cells and macrophages against a syngeneic colon adenocarcinoma. publication-title: Cancer Immunol. Immunother. – volume: 248 start-page: 271 year: 1991 end-page: 90 article-title: Evidence for and possible mechanisms of non‐genotoxic carcinogenesis in rodent liver. publication-title: Mutat. Res. – volume: 24 start-page: 692 year: 1989 end-page: 8 article-title: Effect of long‐term oral supplementation with branched‐chain amino acid granules on the prognosis of liver cirrhosis. publication-title: Gastroenterol. Jpn – volume: 16 start-page: 469 year: 1992 end-page: 78 article-title: Inhibition of hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma by asialo GM1‐positive cells in the liver. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 19 start-page: 518 year: 1994 end-page: 33 article-title: Nutritional supplementation in chronic liver disease: An analytical review. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 27 start-page: 121 year: 1988 end-page: 7 article-title: Lack of a relationship between immune function and chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in B6C3F mice. publication-title: Cancer Immunol. Immunother. – volume: 199 start-page: 286 year: 1984 end-page: 91 article-title: Branched chain metabolic support. A prospective, randomized, double‐blind trial in surgical stress. publication-title: Ann. Surg. – volume: 15 start-page: 816 year: 1992 end-page: 23 article-title: Phenotypic and functional characteristics of lymphocytes isolated from liver biopsy specimens from patients with active liver disease. publication-title: Hepatology – volume: 105 start-page: 1152 year: 1993 end-page: 8 article-title: Functional characterization of liver‐associated lymphocytes in patients with liver metastasis. publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 13 start-page: 81 year: 1993 end-page: 93 article-title: Liver‐associated lymphocytes: Role in tumor defense. publication-title: Semin. Liver Dis. – volume: 44 start-page: 419 year: 1970 end-page: 27 article-title: Cirrhosis and carcinoma of the liver in male rats given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. – volume: 9 start-page: 215 year: 1988 end-page: 20 article-title: Stable phenotypic expression of glutathione S‐transferase placental type and unstable phenotypic expression of γ‐glutamyltransferase in rat liver preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. publication-title: Carcinogenesis – volume: 79 start-page: 556 year: 1988 end-page: 72 article-title: Glutathione S‐transferases and hepatocarcinogenesis. publication-title: Jpn. J. Cancer Res. – volume: 98 start-page: 715 year: 1990 end-page: 20 article-title: Effect of total enteral nutrition on the short‐term outcome of severely malnourished cirrhosis. A randomized controlled trial. publication-title: Gastroenterology – volume: 44 start-page: 648 year: 1996 end-page: 50 article-title: Glutamine, lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. publication-title: Scand. J. Immunol. – ident: e_1_2_6_8_2 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(80)90284-6 – volume: 34 start-page: 697 year: 1965 ident: e_1_2_6_23_2 article-title: Development of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the liver in male rats given 0.025 percent N‐2‐fluorenyldiacetamide. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. contributor: fullname: Reuber MD. – ident: e_1_2_6_40_2 doi: 10.1007/BF00200015 – volume: 605 start-page: 191 year: 1980 ident: e_1_2_6_25_2 article-title: The stages of initiation and promotion in hepatocarcinogenesis. publication-title: Biochem. Biophys. Acta contributor: fullname: Pitot HC – ident: e_1_2_6_31_2 doi: 10.1093/ajcn/51.2.188 – ident: e_1_2_6_3_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840020405 – ident: e_1_2_6_28_2 doi: 10.1007/BF01488802 – volume: 38 start-page: 891 year: 1967 ident: e_1_2_6_18_2 article-title: Hyperplastic and early neoplastic lesions of the liver in Buffalo strain rats of various ages given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. contributor: fullname: Reuber MD – volume: 50 start-page: 472 year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_6_39_2 article-title: Quantitative stereological analysis of the effects of age and sex on multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat by use of four cytochemical markers. publication-title: Cancer Res. contributor: fullname: Xu Y – ident: e_1_2_6_32_2 doi: 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.1.146 – ident: e_1_2_6_7_2 doi: 10.1177/0148607183007006521 – ident: e_1_2_6_14_2 doi: 10.1007/BF00200018 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_2 doi: 10.1084/jem.160.5.1431 – ident: e_1_2_6_34_2 doi: 10.1006/jsre.1996.0263 – volume: 36 start-page: 2534 year: 1976 ident: e_1_2_6_24_2 article-title: Sequential phenotypic changes in hyperplastic areas during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. publication-title: Cancer Res. contributor: fullname: Kitagawa T. – ident: e_1_2_6_27_2 doi: 10.1097/00007890-197703000-00009 – ident: e_1_2_6_4_2 doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(90)90293-A – volume: 134 start-page: 4267 year: 1985 ident: e_1_2_6_10_2 article-title: Role of organ‐associated NK cells in decreased formation of experimental metastasis in lung and liver. publication-title: J. Immunol. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.134.6.4267 contributor: fullname: Wiltrout RH – ident: e_1_2_6_22_2 doi: 10.1093/carcin/9.2.215 – ident: e_1_2_6_21_2 doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1988.tb00022.x – ident: e_1_2_6_9_2 doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1007340 – ident: e_1_2_6_37_2 doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(93)90961-B – ident: e_1_2_6_2_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840190234 – ident: e_1_2_6_5_2 doi: 10.1007/BF02774169 – ident: e_1_2_6_41_2 doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90062-S – volume: 44 start-page: 370 year: 1984 ident: e_1_2_6_38_2 article-title: Low natural cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in individuals with high familial incidence of cancer. publication-title: Cancer Res. contributor: fullname: Strayer DR – ident: e_1_2_6_35_2 doi: 10.1093/jn/127.1.158 – ident: e_1_2_6_12_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840120112 – volume: 24 start-page: 748 year: 1992 ident: e_1_2_6_16_2 article-title: Liver transplantation for diethylnitrosamine‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. publication-title: Transplant. Proc. contributor: fullname: Matsuzaki T – volume: 44 start-page: 419 year: 1970 ident: e_1_2_6_19_2 article-title: Cirrhosis and carcinoma of the liver in male rats given subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride. publication-title: J. Natl Cancer Inst. contributor: fullname: Reuber MD – ident: e_1_2_6_30_2 doi: 10.1093/ajcn/30.10.1645 – volume: 75 start-page: 199 year: 1984 ident: e_1_2_6_20_2 article-title: The placental form of glutathione S‐transferase as a new marker protein for preneoplasia in rat chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. publication-title: Gann contributor: fullname: Sato K – ident: e_1_2_6_11_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840160228 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840140315 – ident: e_1_2_6_17_2 doi: 10.1093/carcin/12.8.1365 – ident: e_1_2_6_26_2 doi: 10.1002/hep.1840150512 – ident: e_1_2_6_29_2 doi: 10.1177/0148607184008006622 – ident: e_1_2_6_36_2 doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(76)90075-5 – ident: e_1_2_6_33_2 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-352.x – ident: e_1_2_6_6_2 doi: 10.1097/00000658-198403000-00007 |
SSID | ssj0004075 |
Score | 1.8095503 |
Snippet | Background
: Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis,... Although branched-chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it is not... Abstract Background : Although branched‐chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver... BACKGROUNDAlthough branched-chain aminoacids (BCAA) are reported to be effective in prolongation of the mean survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis, it... |
SourceID | proquest crossref pubmed pascalfrancis wiley istex |
SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
StartPage | 849 |
SubjectTerms | Amino Acids, Branched-Chain - analysis Amino Acids, Branched-Chain - pharmacology Animals Biological and medical sciences branched-chain amino acids Carbon Tetrachloride Diseases of the digestive system Flow Cytometry glutathione S-transferase P Glutathione Transferase - analysis Immunoenzyme Techniques lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity Liver - cytology Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental - diet therapy Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental - immunology Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental - pathology liver-associated lymphocytes Lymphocytes - drug effects Lymphocytes - immunology Male Medical sciences Precancerous Conditions - diet therapy Precancerous Conditions - immunology Precancerous Conditions - pathology Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects) Rats Rats, Inbred F344 Statistics, Nonparametric valine |
Title | Effect of branched-chain amino acids on the composition and cytolytic activity of liver-associated lymphocytes in rats |
URI | https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-9ZWQSMZK-F/fulltext.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046%2Fj.1440-1746.2000.02220.x https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11022824 https://search.proquest.com/docview/72312015 |
Volume | 15 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9NAEF6hIiEulDcuFPaAuDla27t-HBEijYpSiUfVqpfVvqxGCXZVJ1LTU39Cf2N_CTO7TkMqDghx88EzsSezu996vv2GkPeap2kNE1_ME8Zizi3Mg0nh4jpLhUHxD-2Pj40P8tEh3z8Wxz3_Cc_CBH2I2w9uODL8fI0DXOnQhYR5ddtVXbLgnmnABrh1YQPEk6irh_jo21pJigfNXVgARVxB2vWknt8LnHcdbaxU9zHoF8icVB0Erw5dL_4ESzdRrl-mhttkunrBwE6ZDhZzPTCXd7Qf_08EHpNHPZqlH0P6PSH3XPOUPBj39fpn5DKII9O2phrf5dTZm6trc6omDVU_J01LlZnYjrYNBSBKkd_ek8ioaiw1y3k7W4JviscvsMsFepohlQTcqD6znKWzJSRlC7e7joJryOruOTkcfv7xaRT33R5iw6uSxaI0FvCMMCphymIbM6PzOmWpqQDHKMuqVJWlFkqbOjO5NcaK3KR1rjhs8LXJXpCtpm3cK0JdktVKVxrl2zjPXAkw0VauMgXYWVVEJFn9s_IsiHpIX4znud8McbiGoGKLTiZ9UOVFRD74FLg1UOdTJMUVQh4d7Mnq5Ojr9_HJFzmMyO5Gjqx_gaMQDo_Iu1XOSBjKWJ9RjWsXnSwAawMeExF5GVJpbYr78jIF29wnxF8_tdzfG-HVzr8aviYPg_gAUh7fkK35-cLtAgyb67d-gP0CnKcl7Q |
link.rule.ids | 315,786,790,1382,27957,27958,46329,46753 |
linkProvider | Wiley-Blackwell |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9NAEF6hVgIuvCkGSveAuDn4sevHEVVNQ9tEAlq16mW1L6tRg43qRGp64ifwG_tLOrPrNKTigBA3HzwTezKz-41n9htC3iuWJBUsfCGLoyhkzMA6GOc2rNKEayT_UO742HCUDY7Y3gk_6cYB4VkYzw9x-8ENI8Ot1xjg-EH6Y1eW7KIcC5M5c60GUQ9zl6gHgHIdop-7_OrrkkuKedZd2AJ5WILjdW09v5c472pa2avW0eyX2DspWzBf5ede_AmYruJct1H1H5PJ4hV9f8p5bzZVPX11h_3xP9ngCXnUAVr6yXvgU3LP1s_I_WFXsn9Orjw_Mm0qqvBlzqy5_vlLn8lxTeX3cd1QqcempU1NAYtSbHHv-siorA3V82kzmYNuiicwcNAFappgNwmokZ1zWUMnc_DLBm63LQXV4NjtC3LU3zncHoTdwIdQs7KIQl5oA5CGaxlH0uAkM62yKokSXQKUkSYqE1kUikulq1RnRmvDM51UmWSQ4yudviRrdVPbV4TaOK2kKhUyuDGW2gKQoiltqXOQMzIPSLz4a8UPz-shXD2eZS4fYnANRsUpnZFwRhWXAfngfOBWQF6cY19czsXxaFeUp8dfvg1P90U_IJsrTrL8BYZcOCwgWwunERDNWKKRtW1mrcgBbgMk4wHZ8L60FMXUvEhANnMe8ddPLfZ2B3j1-l8Ft8iDweHwQBx8Hu2_IQ89FwF2QL4la9OLmd0EVDZV71y03QAEJyoP |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9NAEF6hVqq48IYaKN0D4ubgx_p1RJQ0tCTiVbXqZbVPNUqwqzqRmp74CfxGfgkz601DKg4IcfPBs7En3-x-65n9hpCXkiWJhYkvZHEUhYxpmAfjwoQ2TTKF4h_SHR8bjvLBETs4yU58_ROehen0Ia4_uGFkuPkaA_xc29c-K-mDHPOSBXOVBlEPty5RD_jkJsvTBBG-93klJcU60V1YAbOwAtz5qp7fM5w3R1pbqjbR65dYOila8J7t2l78iZeu01y3TvXvksnyDbvylElvPpM9dXVD_PH_uOAeuePpLH3T4e8-uWXqB2Rr6BP2D8lVp45MG0slvsuZ0T-__1BnYlxT8W1cN1SosW5pU1NgohQL3H0VGRW1pmoxa6YLGJvi-Qtsc4EjTbGWBIYRHlpG0-kCUNnA7aalMDTAun1Ejvrvvr4dhL7dQ6hYVUZhVioNhCZTIo6Exj5mSuY2iRJVAZEROqoSUZYyE1LZVOVaKZ3lKrG5YLDDlyp9TDbqpjbbhJo4tUJWEvXbGEtNCTxRV6ZSBdhpUQQkXv6z_LxT9eAuG89ytxticA1OxR6dEXdO5ZcBeeUgcG0gLiZYFVdk_Hi0z6vT409fhqeHvB-QnTWMrH6BoRIOC8juEjMcYhkTNKI2zbzlBZBtIGRZQJ50UFqZ4sa8TMA2d4D466fmB_sDvHr6r4a7ZOvjXp9_eD86fEZud0IEWP74nGzMLuZmByjZTL5wsfYLXucovg |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect+of+branched-chain+amino+acids+on+the+composition+and+cytolytic+activity+of+liver-associated+lymphocytes+in+rats&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+gastroenterology+and+hepatology&rft.au=TSUKISHIRO%2C+Takashi&rft.au=SHIMIZU%2C+Yukihiro&rft.au=HIGUCHI%2C+Kiyohiro&rft.au=WATANABE%2C+Akiharu&rft.date=2000-08-01&rft.pub=Blackwell+Science&rft.issn=0815-9319&rft.eissn=1440-1746&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=849&rft.epage=859&rft_id=info:doi/10.1046%2Fj.1440-1746.2000.02220.x&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=1496044 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0815-9319&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0815-9319&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0815-9319&client=summon |