Persistent organic pollutants and mercury in marine biota of the Canadian Arctic: An overview of spatial and temporal trends

This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work ha...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Science of the total environment Vol. 351; pp. 4 - 56
Main Authors Braune, B.M., Outridge, P.M., Fisk, A.T., Muir, D.C.G., Helm, P.A., Hobbs, K., Hoekstra, P.F., Kuzyk, Z.A., Kwan, M., Letcher, R.J., Lockhart, W.L., Norstrom, R.J., Stern, G.A., Stirling, I.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.12.2005
Subjects
Animals
Arctic
Arctic Regions
Beluga
Birds
Canada
Canadian Arctic
Chemical contaminants
Environmental Monitoring
Fishes
Food Chain
Invertebrates
Mammals
Marine
Marine ecosystem
Mercury
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
Mytilus edulis
Organic Chemicals - analysis
Organic Chemicals - metabolism
Organochlorines
PCBs
Ringed seals
Seabirds
Seawater
Temporal trends
Time Factors
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
Canada
Arctic Regions
Greenland, Oestgroenland
PN, Arctic
USA, Alaska
PCBs
Marine ecosystem
Ringed seals
Canadian Arctic
Beluga
Seabirds
Temporal trends
Chemical contaminants
Arctic
Mercury
Organochlorines
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. Compared to other circumpolar countries, concentrations of many organochlorines (OCs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota are generally lower than in the European Arctic and eastern Greenland but are higher than in Alaska, whereas Hg concentrations are substantially higher in Canada than elsewhere. Spatial coverage of OCs in ringed seals, beluga and seabirds remains a strength of the Arctic contaminant data set for Canada. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals and seabirds remain fairly consistent across the Canadian Arctic although subtle differences from west to east and south to north are found in the proportions of various chemicals. The most significant development since 1997 is improvement in the temporal trend data sets, thanks to the use of archived tissue samples from the 1970s and 1980s, long-term studies using archeological material, as well as the continuation of sampling. These data cover a range of species and chemicals and also include retrospective studies on new chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers. There is solid evidence in a few species (beluga, polar bear, blue mussels) that Hg at some locations has significantly increased from pre-industrial times to the present; however, the temporal trends of Hg over the past 20–30 years are inconsistent. Some animal populations exhibited significant increases in Hg whereas others did not. Therefore, it is currently not possible to determine if anthropogenic Hg is generally increasing in Canadian Arctic biota. It is also not yet possible to evaluate whether the recent Hg increases observed in some biota may be due solely to increased anthropogenic inputs or are in part the product of environmental change, e.g., climate warming. Concentrations of most “legacy” OCs (PCBs, DDT, etc.) significantly declined in Canadian Arctic biota from the 1970s to the late 1990s, and today are generally less than half the levels of the 1970s, particularly in seabirds and ringed seals. Chlorobenzenes and endosulfan were among the few OCs to show increases during this period while ∑HCH remained relatively constant in most species. A suite of new-use chemicals previously unreported in Arctic biota (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), perfluoro-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)) has recently been found, but there is insufficient information to assess species differences, spatial patterns or food web dynamics for these compounds. Concentrations of these new chemicals are generally lower than legacy OCs, but there is concern because some are rapidly increasing in concentration (e.g., PBDEs), while others such as PFOS have unique toxicological properties, and some were not expected to be found in the Arctic because of their supposedly low potential for long-range transport. Continuing temporal monitoring of POPs and Hg in a variety of marine biota must be a priority.
AbstractList This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. Compared to other circumpolar countries, concentrations of many organochlorines (OCs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota are generally lower than in the European Arctic and eastern Greenland but are higher than in Alaska, whereas Hg concentrations are substantially higher in Canada than elsewhere. Spatial coverage of OCs in ringed seals, beluga and seabirds remains a strength of the Arctic contaminant data set for Canada. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals and seabirds remain fairly consistent across the Canadian Arctic although subtle differences from west to east and south to north are found in the proportions of various chemicals. The most significant development since 1997 is improvement in the temporal trend data sets, thanks to the use of archived tissue samples from the 1970s and 1980s, long-term studies using archeological material, as well as the continuation of sampling. These data cover a range of species and chemicals and also include retrospective studies on new chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers. There is solid evidence in a few species (beluga, polar bear, blue mussels) that Hg at some locations has significantly increased from pre-industrial times to the present; however, the temporal trends of Hg over the past 20-30 years are inconsistent. Some animal populations exhibited significant increases in Hg whereas others did not. Therefore, it is currently not possible to determine if anthropogenic Hg is generally increasing in Canadian Arctic biota. It is also not yet possible to evaluate whether the recent Hg increases observed in some biota may be due solely to increased anthropogenic inputs or are in part the product of environmental change, e.g., climate warming. Concentrations of most "legacy" OCs (PCBs, DDT, etc.) significantly declined in Canadian Arctic biota from the 1970s to the late 1990s, and today are generally less than half the levels of the 1970s, particularly in seabirds and ringed seals. Chlorobenzenes and endosulfan were among the few OCs to show increases during this period while HCH remained relatively constant in most species. A suite of new-use chemicals previously unreported in Arctic biota (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), perfluoro-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)) has recently been found, but there is insufficient information to assess species differences, spatial patterns or food web dynamics for these compounds. Concentrations of these new chemicals are generally lower than legacy OCs, but there is concern because some are rapidly increasing in concentration (e.g., PBDEs), while others such as PFOS have unique toxicological properties, and some were not expected to be found in the Arctic because of their supposedly low potential for long-range transport. Continuing temporal monitoring of POPs and Hg in a variety of marine biota must be a priority.
This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. Compared to other circumpolar countries, concentrations of many organochlorines (OCs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota are generally lower than in the European Arctic and eastern Greenland but are higher than in Alaska, whereas Hg concentrations are substantially higher in Canada than elsewhere. Spatial coverage of OCs in ringed seals, beluga and seabirds remains a strength of the Arctic contaminant data set for Canada. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals and seabirds remain fairly consistent across the Canadian Arctic although subtle differences from west to east and south to north are found in the proportions of various chemicals. The most significant development since 1997 is improvement in the temporal trend data sets, thanks to the use of archived tissue samples from the 1970s and 1980s, long-term studies using archeological material, as well as the continuation of sampling. These data cover a range of species and chemicals and also include retrospective studies on new chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers. There is solid evidence in a few species (beluga, polar bear, blue mussels) that Hg at some locations has significantly increased from pre-industrial times to the present; however, the temporal trends of Hg over the past 20-30 years are inconsistent. Some animal populations exhibited significant increases in Hg whereas others did not. Therefore, it is currently not possible to determine if anthropogenic Hg is generally increasing in Canadian Arctic biota. It is also not yet possible to evaluate whether the recent Hg increases observed in some biota may be due solely to increased anthropogenic inputs or are in part the product of environmental change, e.g., climate warming. Concentrations of most "legacy" OCs (PCBs, DDT, etc.) significantly declined in Canadian Arctic biota from the 1970s to the late 1990s, and today are generally less than half the levels of the 1970s, particularly in seabirds and ringed seals. Chlorobenzenes and endosulfan were among the few OCs to show increases during this period while [sigma]HCH remained relatively constant in most species. A suite of new-use chemicals previously unreported in Arctic biota (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), perfluoro-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)) has recently been found, but there is insufficient information to assess species differences, spatial patterns or food web dynamics for these compounds. Concentrations of these new chemicals are generally lower than legacy OCs, but there is concern because some are rapidly increasing in concentration (e.g., PBDEs), while others such as PFOS have unique toxicological properties, and some were not expected to be found in the Arctic because of their supposedly low potential for long-range transport. Continuing temporal monitoring of POPs and Hg in a variety of marine biota must be a priority.
This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. Compared to other circumpolar countries, concentrations of many organochlorines (OCs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota are generally lower than in the European Arctic and eastern Greenland but are higher than in Alaska, whereas Hg concentrations are substantially higher in Canada than elsewhere. Spatial coverage of OCs in ringed seals, beluga and seabirds remains a strength of the Arctic contaminant data set for Canada. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals and seabirds remain fairly consistent across the Canadian Arctic although subtle differences from west to east and south to north are found in the proportions of various chemicals. The most significant development since 1997 is improvement in the temporal trend data sets, thanks to the use of archived tissue samples from the 1970s and 1980s, long-term studies using archeological material, as well as the continuation of sampling. These data cover a range of species and chemicals and also include retrospective studies on new chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers. There is solid evidence in a few species (beluga, polar bear, blue mussels) that Hg at some locations has significantly increased from pre-industrial times to the present; however, the temporal trends of Hg over the past 20–30 years are inconsistent. Some animal populations exhibited significant increases in Hg whereas others did not. Therefore, it is currently not possible to determine if anthropogenic Hg is generally increasing in Canadian Arctic biota. It is also not yet possible to evaluate whether the recent Hg increases observed in some biota may be due solely to increased anthropogenic inputs or are in part the product of environmental change, e.g., climate warming. Concentrations of most “legacy” OCs (PCBs, DDT, etc.) significantly declined in Canadian Arctic biota from the 1970s to the late 1990s, and today are generally less than half the levels of the 1970s, particularly in seabirds and ringed seals. Chlorobenzenes and endosulfan were among the few OCs to show increases during this period while ∑HCH remained relatively constant in most species. A suite of new-use chemicals previously unreported in Arctic biota (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), perfluoro-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)) has recently been found, but there is insufficient information to assess species differences, spatial patterns or food web dynamics for these compounds. Concentrations of these new chemicals are generally lower than legacy OCs, but there is concern because some are rapidly increasing in concentration (e.g., PBDEs), while others such as PFOS have unique toxicological properties, and some were not expected to be found in the Arctic because of their supposedly low potential for long-range transport. Continuing temporal monitoring of POPs and Hg in a variety of marine biota must be a priority.
This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota since the first Canadian Arctic Contaminants Assessment Report (CACAR) was published in 1997. This recent body of work has led to a better understanding of the current levels and spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in biota, including the marine food species that northern peoples traditionally consume. Compared to other circumpolar countries, concentrations of many organochlorines (OCs) in Canadian Arctic marine biota are generally lower than in the European Arctic and eastern Greenland but are higher than in Alaska, whereas Hg concentrations are substantially higher in Canada than elsewhere. Spatial coverage of OCs in ringed seals, beluga and seabirds remains a strength of the Arctic contaminant data set for Canada. Concentrations of OCs in marine mammals and seabirds remain fairly consistent across the Canadian Arctic although subtle differences from west to east and south to north are found in the proportions of various chemicals. The most significant development since 1997 is improvement in the temporal trend data sets, thanks to the use of archived tissue samples from the 1970s and 1980s, long-term studies using archeological material, as well as the continuation of sampling. These data cover a range of species and chemicals and also include retrospective studies on new chemicals such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers. There is solid evidence in a few species (beluga, polar bear, blue mussels) that Hg at some locations has significantly increased from pre-industrial times to the present; however, the temporal trends of Hg over the past 20-30 years are inconsistent. Some animal populations exhibited significant increases in Hg whereas others did not. Therefore, it is currently not possible to determine if anthropogenic Hg is generally increasing in Canadian Arctic biota. It is also not yet possible to evaluate whether the recent Hg increases observed in some biota may be due solely to increased anthropogenic inputs or are in part the product of environmental change, e.g., climate warming. Concentrations of most "legacy" OCs (PCBs, DDT, etc.) significantly declined in Canadian Arctic biota from the 1970s to the late 1990s, and today are generally less than half the levels of the 1970s, particularly in seabirds and ringed seals. Chlorobenzenes and endosulfan were among the few OCs to show increases during this period while summation operatorHCH remained relatively constant in most species. A suite of new-use chemicals previously unreported in Arctic biota (e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), perfluoro-octane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs)) has recently been found, but there is insufficient information to assess species differences, spatial patterns or food web dynamics for these compounds. Concentrations of these new chemicals are generally lower than legacy OCs, but there is concern because some are rapidly increasing in concentration (e.g., PBDEs), while others such as PFOS have unique toxicological properties, and some were not expected to be found in the Arctic because of their supposedly low potential for long-range transport. Continuing temporal monitoring of POPs and Hg in a variety of marine biota must be a priority.
Author Outridge, P.M.
Fisk, A.T.
Kwan, M.
Hoekstra, P.F.
Hobbs, K.
Letcher, R.J.
Stirling, I.
Kuzyk, Z.A.
Braune, B.M.
Norstrom, R.J.
Stern, G.A.
Helm, P.A.
Muir, D.C.G.
Lockhart, W.L.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: B.M.
  surname: Braune
  fullname: Braune, B.M.
  email: birgit.braune@ec.gc.ca
  organization: National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Carleton University (Raven Road), Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0H3
– sequence: 2
  givenname: P.M.
  surname: Outridge
  fullname: Outridge, P.M.
  organization: Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0E8
– sequence: 3
  givenname: A.T.
  surname: Fisk
  fullname: Fisk, A.T.
  organization: Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2152, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: D.C.G.
  surname: Muir
  fullname: Muir, D.C.G.
  organization: National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6
– sequence: 5
  givenname: P.A.
  surname: Helm
  fullname: Helm, P.A.
  organization: Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N6
– sequence: 6
  givenname: K.
  surname: Hobbs
  fullname: Hobbs, K.
  organization: National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6
– sequence: 7
  givenname: P.F.
  surname: Hoekstra
  fullname: Hoekstra, P.F.
  organization: National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Z.A.
  surname: Kuzyk
  fullname: Kuzyk, Z.A.
  organization: Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON, Canada K7K 7B4
– sequence: 9
  givenname: M.
  surname: Kwan
  fullname: Kwan, M.
  organization: Nunavik Research Centre, PO Box 179, Kuujjuaq, QC, Canada J0M 1C0
– sequence: 10
  givenname: R.J.
  surname: Letcher
  fullname: Letcher, R.J.
  organization: Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4
– sequence: 11
  givenname: W.L.
  surname: Lockhart
  fullname: Lockhart, W.L.
  organization: Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N6
– sequence: 12
  givenname: R.J.
  surname: Norstrom
  fullname: Norstrom, R.J.
  organization: National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Carleton University (Raven Road), Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0H3
– sequence: 13
  givenname: G.A.
  surname: Stern
  fullname: Stern, G.A.
  organization: Freshwater Institute, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N6
– sequence: 14
  givenname: I.
  surname: Stirling
  fullname: Stirling, I.
  organization: Canadian Wildlife Service, 5320 122nd Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6H 3S5
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109439$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqFkUFv3CAQhVGVqNmk_Qstp968BYyN6W21appIkZpDe0YYxi0rG1zAW0Xqjw_urtpjuCBmvnkj3rtGFz54QOg9JVtKaPvxsE3G5ZDBH7eMEF6qW1LzV2hDOyErSlh7gTal0VWyleIKXad0IOWIjr5GV7SlRPJabtCfR4jJpSKUcYg_tHcGz2Ecl6x9Tlh7iyeIZolP2Hk86eg84N6FrHEYcP4JeK-9tk57vIsmO_MJ7zwOR4hHB79XJs06Oz3-lcowzSGWR47gbXqDLgc9Jnh7vm_Q99vP3_Z31cPXL_f73UNluBS5si0brLSikU0zCN33vayZrBvS1g2jA-WdHpi0QCUDS7ilvGHM1p2W5b-SsPoGfTjpzjH8WiBlNblkYBy1h7AkxSRthRQvg1QwwiVvCihOoIkhpQiDmqMr7jwpStSakDqofwmpNaG1URIqk-_OK5Z-Avt_7hxJAXYnAIojxcS4CoE3YF0Ek5UN7sUlzx7aqVs
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2014_05_058
crossref_primary_10_1080_15275920601180727
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2008_06_030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2022_153572
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2015_01_033
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_4546
crossref_primary_10_1038_ngeo1049
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2008_06_062
crossref_primary_10_1021_es071941f
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gca_2005_06_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecoenv_2020_110257
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2011_05_002
crossref_primary_10_1080_10485250902783608
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2007_07_031
crossref_primary_10_3390_environments7010003
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2024_116592
crossref_primary_10_1139_as_2023_0031
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_06_505
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2016_10_003
crossref_primary_10_1021_es902582y
crossref_primary_10_1002_em_22205
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_04_018
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cbpc_2008_05_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2021_129784
crossref_primary_10_3354_meps11965
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_08_037
crossref_primary_10_1039_B609522D
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodres_2023_112927
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_08_036
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_015_4935_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_04_059
crossref_primary_10_1080_15287394_2014_886985
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_019_48521_6
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_505
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2016_10_019
crossref_primary_10_1021_es1028734
crossref_primary_10_1021_es903029j
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2004_10_031
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13280_017_1011_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_12_022
crossref_primary_10_1111_1574_6941_12189
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2008_06_050
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2019_125458
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11368_012_0533_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2011_07_010
crossref_primary_10_3390_w10010013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2010_02_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhazmat_2016_05_024
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2017_11_057
crossref_primary_10_3389_feart_2020_00093
crossref_primary_10_1021_es9032919
crossref_primary_10_1080_10934529_2015_1038171
crossref_primary_10_1021_es304398j
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2011_06_043
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_016_7354_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_019_05088_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2019_125586
crossref_primary_10_1134_S0016702918040031
crossref_primary_10_1139_a06_003
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2006_09_030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2010_04_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2008_11_056
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2020_137307
crossref_primary_10_1080_15320383_2024_2359067
crossref_primary_10_1186_1476_069X_10_65
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2007_08_034
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_10_119
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_018_2625_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2013_11_003
crossref_primary_10_1525_elementa_396
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2007_10_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2009_03_053
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2016_04_011
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_2685
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecoenv_2013_03_006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2006_06_036
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2014_10_074
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_06_097
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0096191
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2019_01_049
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_133999
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00300_018_2302_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2015_10_020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2010_05_018
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_02_352
crossref_primary_10_1139_er_2021_0078
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2006_08_046
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2006_07_037
crossref_primary_10_1039_D2EM00103A
crossref_primary_10_1021_es3003124
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2021_112400
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12080_020_00480_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2008_02_051
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_136353
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_3303
crossref_primary_10_1021_es202423f
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2013_10_029
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aquatox_2013_02_015
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2007_07_001
crossref_primary_10_1039_b800115d
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10784_019_09436_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2021_116928
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_10_038
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_03_104
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0032247415000030
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2009_08_024
crossref_primary_10_1080_15287394_2010_481619
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00128_008_9366_0
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_3671
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2013_07_079
crossref_primary_10_7202_1026103ar
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tox_2013_03_006
crossref_primary_10_1021_es201541j
crossref_primary_10_1021_es8027378
crossref_primary_10_5194_acp_23_8103_2023
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10646_011_0794_y
crossref_primary_10_1021_es803293z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2012_08_012
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11270_016_3230_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2023_168323
crossref_primary_10_1080_15555270902915194
crossref_primary_10_1139_er_2014_0006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2018_01_286
crossref_primary_10_1039_b708103k
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_08_018
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0106832
crossref_primary_10_3390_polym15092218
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhazmat_2024_133781
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2014_01_027
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2021_148935
crossref_primary_10_1139_a11_005
crossref_primary_10_1021_es203622v
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1755_263X_2012_00294_x
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00244_015_0179_y
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00244_018_0557_3
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10653_015_9704_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_017_0676_9
crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_2393_1_012020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2013_01_072
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13280_015_0673_5
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2013_05_010
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10661_021_09305_6
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2013_01_076
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_06_056
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_133792
crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_4159586
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecss_2018_05_026
crossref_primary_10_1039_c1em10088b
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2008_03_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2010_08_023
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10646_012_0967_3
crossref_primary_10_1186_2193_1801_2_567
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2018_02_078
crossref_primary_10_1139_z11_023
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_11_114
crossref_primary_10_1897_08_557_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biotechadv_2012_01_002
crossref_primary_10_1021_es204127j
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jhazmat_2016_03_017
crossref_primary_10_1021_es5009032
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2019_134410
crossref_primary_10_1021_es102755x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2014_10_060
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2014_05_134
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0012396
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10661_008_0306_6
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_11_108
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2011_01_055
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2006_11_024
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2014_06_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2015_12_061
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2019_110857
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_04_067
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10661_016_5270_y
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_3079
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2010_09_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2012_12_023
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2016_07_047
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_toxlet_2007_08_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijoes_2024_100541
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00300_022_03065_w
crossref_primary_10_1139_er_2013_0059
crossref_primary_10_3390_app14093585
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13280_014_0561_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2019_05_109
crossref_primary_10_3390_md13127064
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2010_04_017
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_022_20757_2
crossref_primary_10_1021_es103016x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2018_07_075
crossref_primary_10_1080_22423982_2019_1607502
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2011_12_033
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ygcen_2023_114261
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_12_037
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00216_013_7330_2
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_018_3359_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2008_08_008
crossref_primary_10_1039_b807017b
crossref_primary_10_1111_cobi_12303
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00244_017_0383_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ese_2022_100189
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_07_059
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2006_05_060
crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1748_7692_2009_00354_x
crossref_primary_10_1021_es071646v
crossref_primary_10_1039_c1cp22154j
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2007_09_006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2011_04_002
crossref_primary_10_1002_qua_24123
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2012_06_013
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_03_047
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2011_10_021
crossref_primary_10_1186_2190_4715_24_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2012_05_012
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_08_021
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_07_036
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2012_12_009
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_2164
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2017_05_085
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_020_09193_2
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_est_8b04403
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00244_010_9605_3
crossref_primary_10_1080_1088937X_2017_1403978
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_07_053
crossref_primary_10_1080_15287394_2011_590099
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2009_06_004
crossref_primary_10_1029_2006JD007961
crossref_primary_10_1038_ngeo1093
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2015_04_079
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_03_027
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodchem_2022_133007
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2008_06_062
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2008_03_049
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10393_015_1036_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2010_08_033
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2016_06_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2017_01_068
crossref_primary_10_1021_es100178f
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2016_07_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2019_01_093
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2008_12_060
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2008_04_017
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_4924
crossref_primary_10_2993_0278_0771_2006_26_310_rhmefb_2_0_co_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2008_07_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2012_09_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aquatox_2014_06_019
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2013_08_045
crossref_primary_10_1186_1476_069X_7_25
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2010_01_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2014_11_029
crossref_primary_10_1021_es101039d
crossref_primary_10_1080_03601234_2015_1108793
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2023_140303
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2007_11_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2016_02_010
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2020_114952
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2006_05_040
crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_200790100
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2014_08_009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10653_012_9481_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2014_12_052
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envpol_2012_09_014
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10661_014_4082_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2016_10_142
crossref_primary_10_1021_es900941w
crossref_primary_10_2166_wst_2016_503
crossref_primary_10_15347_wjm_2019_008
crossref_primary_10_3390_toxics7040065
crossref_primary_10_2151_sola_2022_036
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_2070
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envint_2012_04_005
crossref_primary_10_1002_etc_2076
crossref_primary_10_1071_EN08002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_marpolbul_2008_08_011
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2016_02_205
crossref_primary_10_1579_0044_7447_2007_36_12_EOEMOT_2_0_CO_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2022_159959
Cites_doi 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00144-0
10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00171-8
10.1016/0045-6535(93)90114-K
10.1016/0048-9697(96)05085-1
10.1021/es001740a
10.1021/es011401x
10.1139/f85-147
10.1016/0048-9697(95)04374-A
10.1021/es001134f
10.1016/S0141-1136(96)00107-9
10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00490-4
10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00107-X
10.1021/es001459w
10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00441-6
10.1021/es00145a005
10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00186-7
10.7557/3.2837
10.14430/arctic696
10.1139/f90-227
10.1007/BF01189712
10.1002/etc.5620210316
10.1021/es001834k
10.1016/0045-6535(93)90025-Z
10.1021/es990871c
10.1039/b312118f
10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00278-0
10.1139/f98-001
10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00255-6
10.1897/03-518
10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00038-8
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.041
10.1002/etc.5620190410
10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00997-4
10.1039/b102683f
10.47536/jcrm.v3i1.896
10.1016/0269-7491(90)90195-I
10.1021/ac00048a014
10.1021/ac980064g
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.022
10.1016/S0045-6535(96)00432-8
10.1002/etc.5620081015
10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[0669:WSAMAC]2.0.CO;2
10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00182-0
10.1016/0269-7491(95)00091-7
10.1111/j.1365-2419.1996.tb00118.x
10.1002/etc.5620170526
10.1021/es950392n
10.1016/0269-7491(94)00046-G
10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00326-8
10.1021/es00056a014
10.1021/es00043a023
10.1021/es034727+
10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00434-4
10.1021/es021082p
10.1016/0269-7491(95)00019-N
10.1007/s002449900387
10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00210-4
10.1021/es025831e
10.1006/taap.1996.0065
10.3354/meps128001
10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00434-9
10.1002/etc.5620120704
10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00110-X
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.02.018
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.03.001
10.1021/es980646f
10.1021/es00174a012
10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00436-2
10.1016/0048-9697(92)90246-O
10.1016/0269-7491(92)90131-S
10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00018-6
10.1007/BF01055796
10.1007/BF00213301
10.1021/es991245i
10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00186-5
10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00482-7
10.1139/z75-117
10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00153-6
10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00131-4
10.1021/es960408p
10.1897/02-459
10.1021/es990740b
10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00037-6
10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2162:UACASI]2.0.CO;2
10.2307/2404350
10.1021/es990976f
10.14430/arctic2643
10.1021/es970886f
10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01104-4
10.1016/S0025-326X(97)00187-2
10.1007/BF01061981
10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01121-4
10.1021/es001873w
10.1016/j.envpol.2003.09.017
10.1016/S0269-7491(97)00048-1
10.1021/es030448a
10.1016/S0269-7491(96)00122-4
10.1007/s002440010299
10.3354/meps262201
10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00109-0
10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00114-X
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2005 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2005 Elsevier B.V.
DBID CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
CITATION
7QH
7TN
7TV
7U7
7UA
C1K
F1W
H97
L.G
8FD
FR3
KR7
DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034
DatabaseName Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
CrossRef
Aqualine
Oceanic Abstracts
Pollution Abstracts
Toxicology Abstracts
Water Resources Abstracts
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Technology Research Database
Engineering Research Database
Civil Engineering Abstracts
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
CrossRef
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional
Oceanic Abstracts
Toxicology Abstracts
ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Pollution Abstracts
Aqualine
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
Water Resources Abstracts
Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
Technology Research Database
Civil Engineering Abstracts
Engineering Research Database
DatabaseTitleList Technology Research Database
Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional

MEDLINE
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Public Health
Biology
Environmental Sciences
EISSN 1879-1026
EndPage 56
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_scitotenv_2004_10_034
16109439
S0048969705004389
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
Review
GeographicLocations Canada
Arctic Regions
Greenland, Oestgroenland
PN, Arctic
USA, Alaska
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Arctic Regions
– name: Canada
– name: USA, Alaska
– name: Greenland, Oestgroenland
– name: PN, Arctic
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
.~1
0R~
1B1
1RT
1~.
1~5
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5VS
7-5
71M
8P~
9JM
AABNK
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
AAYJJ
ABEFU
ABFNM
ABFYP
ABJNI
ABLST
ABMAC
ABTAH
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACRLP
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADMUD
AEBSH
AEKER
AENEX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHEUO
AHHHB
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
AKIFW
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLECG
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
HMC
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
K-O
KCYFY
KOM
LY9
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
R2-
RIG
RNS
ROL
RPZ
SCU
SDF
SDG
SDP
SEN
SES
SEW
SPCBC
SSJ
SSZ
T5K
WUQ
XPP
ZXP
ZY4
~02
~G-
~KM
AAHBH
AAXKI
AKRWK
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
AAYXX
ACRPL
ADNMO
AFJKZ
CITATION
7QH
7TN
7TV
7U7
7UA
C1K
F1W
H97
L.G
8FD
FR3
KR7
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-d62fd9d75955f7abbb932935063521f148af29de192ed04d14522d38a90079023
IEDL.DBID AIKHN
ISSN 0048-9697
IngestDate Fri Oct 25 05:27:29 EDT 2024
Fri Oct 25 03:11:05 EDT 2024
Fri Dec 06 03:17:11 EST 2024
Sat Sep 28 07:49:22 EDT 2024
Fri Feb 23 02:34:04 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords PCBs
Marine ecosystem
Ringed seals
Canadian Arctic
Beluga
Seabirds
Temporal trends
Chemical contaminants
Arctic
Mercury
Organochlorines
Language English
License https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c497t-d62fd9d75955f7abbb932935063521f148af29de192ed04d14522d38a90079023
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ObjectType-Article-2
ObjectType-Feature-1
PMID 16109439
PQID 17204945
PQPubID 23462
PageCount 53
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_29167972
proquest_miscellaneous_17204945
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2004_10_034
pubmed_primary_16109439
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2004_10_034
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2005-12-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2005-12-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 12
  year: 2005
  text: 2005-12-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2000
PublicationPlace Netherlands
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Netherlands
PublicationTitle The Science of the total environment
PublicationTitleAlternate Sci Total Environ
PublicationYear 2005
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Dietz, Riget, Hobson, Heide-Jørgensen, Møller, Cleemann (bib33) 2004; 331
Addison, Ikonomou, Fernandez (bib4) 2005; 351–352
Muir, Addison (bib97) 1997; vol. 74
Wheatley, Wheatley (bib157) 1988; 47
Sandala, Sonne-Hansen, Dietz, Muir, Valters, Bennett (bib129) 2004; 331
Hickie, Addison, Muir (bib55) 2005; 351–352
Kostamo, Medvedev, Pellinen, Hyvarinen, Kukkonen (bib69) 2000; 19
Barrie, Macdonald, Bidleman, Diamond, Gregor, Semkin (bib9) 1997
Sellström, Jansson, Kierkegaard, de Wit, Odsjö, Olsson (bib133) 1993; 26
Wagemann, Innis, Richard (bib154) 1996; 186
Braune (bib19) 2003
Wiberg, Oehme, Haglund, Karlsson, Olsson, Rappe (bib159) 1998; 36
Hoekstra, O'Hara, Karlsson, Solomon, Muir (bib60) 2003; 22
Muir, Bidleman, Stern (bib107) 1999; vol. 75
Muir, Stern, Karlsson (bib110) 1999; 41
Rasmussen, Rowan, Lean, Carey (bib126) 1990; 47
Muir, Born, Koczansky, Stern (bib111) 2000; 245
Cleemann, Riget, Paulsen, de Boer, Dietz (bib29) 2000; 245
Letcher, Klasson-Wehler, Bergman (bib77) 2000; vol. 3-Part K
Hakk, Letcher (bib46) 2003; 29
Kannan, Koistinen, Beckmen, Evans, Gorzelany, Hansen (bib67) 2001; 35
Bernhard, Andreae (bib11) 1984
Hargrave, Harding, Vass, Erickson, Fowler, Scott (bib47) 1992; 22
Holden (bib61) 1970
Stern, Outridge, Stewart (bib141) 2003
Braune, Norstrom (bib20) 1989; 8
Henriksen, Wiig, Skaare, Gabrielsen, Derocher (bib54) 2001; 3
Wade, Chambers, Gardinall, Sericano, Jackson, Tarpley (bib153) 1997; 34
Li (bib80) 1999; 232
Fisk, Hoekstra, Gagnon, Norstrom, Hobson, Kwan (bib42) 2003; 262
Ford, Muir, Norstrom, Simon, Mulvihill (bib43) 1993; 26
Braune, Donaldson, Hobson (bib23) 2001; 114
Ikonomou, Rayne, Addison (bib62) 2002; 36
van Bavel, Dam, Tysklind, Lindström (bib150) 2001; 52
Thompson, Furness, Walsh (bib145) 1992; 29
Hebert (bib50) 1998; 8
Muir, Braune, de March, Norstrom, Wagemann, Gamberg (bib106) 1997
Muir, Riget, Cleemann, Skaare, Kleivane, Nakata (bib113) 2000; 34
Lockhart, Stern, Wagemann, Hunt, Metner, DeLaronde (bib87) 2005; 351–352
Helm, Bidleman, Stern, Koczanski (bib53) 2002; 119
Wolkers, van Bavel, Derocher, Wig, Kovacs, Lydersen (bib162) 2004; 38
Fisk, Holst, Hobson, Duffe, Moisey, Norstrom (bib39) 2002; 42
Muir, Norstrom (bib100) 2000; 112
Macdonald, Barrie, Bidleman, Diamond, Gregor, Semkin (bib90) 2000; 254
Tomy, Helm (bib148) 2003
Buckman, Norstrom, Hobson, Karnovsky, Duffe, Fisk (bib25) 2004; 128
Jarman, Hobson, Sydeman, Bacon, McLaren (bib65) 1996; 30
Braune, Donaldson, Hobson (bib24) 2002; 117
Muir, Kwan (bib99) 2003
Muir, Kwan, Lampe (bib112) 2000
Weis, Muir (bib156) 1997; 96
Wiberg, Letcher, Sandau, Duffe, Norstrom, Haglund (bib158) 1998; 70
Norstom (bib115) 1994; 20
Li, Macdonald, Jantunen, Harner, Bidleman, Strachan (bib81) 2002; 291
Lie, Bernhoft, Riget, Belikov, Boltunov, Derocher (bib83) 2003; 306
Braune, Simon (bib22) 2004; 48
Hebert, Norstrom, Simon, Braune, Weseloh, Macdonald (bib51) 1994; 28
Borgå, Gabrielsen, Skaare (bib17) 2001; 113
Giesy, Kannan (bib45) 2001; 35
Smith, Armstrong (bib134) 1978; 31
Bailey (bib7) 2001; 43
Muir, Segstro, Hobson, Ford, Stewart, Olpinski (bib105) 1995; 90
Bidleman, Alaee, Stern (bib14) 2001
Fisk, Tittlemier, Pranschke, Norstrom (bib40) 2002; 83
Muir, Kwan, Lampe (bib109) 1999
Stern, Ikonomou (bib139) 2001
Andersson, Linder, Olsson, Reutergårdh, Uvemo, Wideqvist (bib5) 1988; 17
Fisk, Hobson, Norstrom (bib36) 2001; 35
Berg, Ugland, Hareide, Aspholm, Polder, Skaare (bib10) 1997; 44
Sandau, Meerts, Letcher, McAlees, Chittim, Brouwer (bib131) 2000; 34
Outridge, Hobson, McNeely, Dyke (bib124) 2002; 55
Lockhart, Wilkinson, Billeck, Hunt, Wagemann, Brunskill (bib84) 1995; 80
Sandau C. Analytical chemistry of hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs and other halogenated phenolic compounds in blood and their relationship to thyroid hormone and retinol homeostasis in humans and polar bears. PhD thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2000.
Lydersen, Wolkers, Severinsen, Kleivane, Nordøy, Skaare (bib89) 2002; 292
Riget, Asmund, Aastrup (bib127) 2000; 245
Campbell LM, Norstrom RJ, Hobson KA, Muir DCG, Backus, S, Fisk AT. Trophic transfer of mercury and other trace elements in a pelagic Arctic marine food web. Sci Total Environ, this issue.
Li, Macdonald, Ma, Hung, Venkatesh (bib82) 2004; 324
Riget, Muir, Kwan, Savinova, Nyman, Woshner (bib128) 2005; 351–352
Norstrom (bib118) 2001
Springer, McRoy, Flint (bib135) 1996; 5
Tittlemier, Simon, Jarman, Elliott, Norstrom (bib146) 1999; 33
Bignert, Riget, Braune, Outridge, Wilson (bib16) 2004; 6
Tomy, Muir, Stern, Westmore (bib149) 2000; 34
Letcher RJ. The ecological and analytical chemistry of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and methyl sulfonyl-containing metabolites in the polar bear
Norstrom (bib117) 1999; vol. 75
Norstrom, Simon, Muir (bib119) 1990; 66
Stern, Ikonomou (bib138) 2000
Addison, Zinck, Smith (bib2) 1986; 20
Norstrom (bib116) 1997; vol. 74
Olsson, Reutergårdh (bib122) 1986; 15
Muir, Ford, Stewart, Smith, Addison, Zinck (bib102) 1990; 224
Martin, Smithwick, Braune, Hoekstra, Muir, Mabury (bib92) 2004; 38
Sang, Leclair, Mikaelian, Muir, Kwan (bib132) 2000
Verreault, Muir, Norstrom, Stirling, Fisk, Gabrielsen (bib152) 2005; 351–352
Gaston, Jones (bib44) 1998
Fisk, Stern, Hobson, Strachan, Loewen, Norstrom (bib37) 2001; 43
Doidge, Kaminski, Mesher (bib34) 1993
Letcher, Norstrom, Lin, Ramsay, Bandiera (bib75) 1996; 137
Atwell, Hobson, Welch (bib6) 1998; 55
Muir, Braune, de March, Norstrom, Wagemann, Lockhart (bib108) 1999; 230
Loewen, Stern, Westmore, Muir, Parlar (bib88) 1998; 36
Kucklick, Struntz, Becker, York, O'Hara, Bohonowych (bib71) 2002; 287
Wiberg, Letcher, Sandau, Norstrom, Tysklind, Bidleman (bib160) 2000; 34
Buser, Müller (bib27) 1993; 27
Fisk, Norstrom, Cymbalisty, Muir (bib35) 1998; 17
Letcher, Muir, Fisk, Norstrom (bib79) 2003
Polischuk, Norstrom, Ramsay (bib125) 2002; 118
Stern, Macdonald, Dunn, Fuchs, Harwood, Rosenberg (bib142) 2005; 351–352
Heath (bib49) 1987
van den Berg, Blank, Heeremans, Wagenaar, Olie (bib151) 1987; 16
Bidleman, Patton, Walla, Hargrave, Vass, Erickson (bib13) 1989; 43
Bignert, Litzen, Odsjö, Olsson, Persson, Reutergårdh (bib15) 1995; 89
Stirling, Kingsley, Calvert (bib144) 1982; vol. 7
Kuzyk, Stow, Burgess, Solomon, Reimer (bib72) 2005; 351–352
Tittlemier, Fisk, Hobson, Norstrom (bib147) 2002; 116
Wagemann, Trebacz, Hunt, Boila (bib155) 1997; 16
Lockhart, Stern, Low, Hendzel, Boila, Roach (bib86) 2005; 351–352
de Boer, de Boer, Boon (bib30) 2000
Letcher, Norstrom, Muir (bib76) 1998; 32
Macdonald, Harner, Fyfe, Loeng, Weingartner (bib91) 2003
Addison, Smith (bib1) 1998; 51
Dietz, Pacyna, Thomas (bib32) 1998
Addison, Ikonomou, Smith (bib3) 2000; 1070
Lockhart, Stern, Outridge, Wagemann, Boila, Delaronde (bib85) 2001
Wolkers, Burkow, Lydersen, Dahle, Monshouwer, Witkamp (bib161) 1998; 216
Jansson, Andersson, Asplund, Litzén, Nylund, Sellström (bib64) 1993; 12
food chain. PhD thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 1996.
Muir, Ford, Grift, Stewart, Bidleman (bib103) 1992; 75
Moisey, Fisk, Hobson, Norstrom (bib95) 2001; 35
Kingsley, Stirling, Calvert (bib68) 1985; 42
Hoekstra, O'Hara, Fisk, Borga, Solomon, Muir (bib59) 2003; 124
Norstrom, Belikov, Born, Garner, Malone, Olpinski (bib120) 1998; 35
Hobson, Ambrose, Renaud (bib56) 1995; 128
Muir, Fisk, Kwan (bib114) 2001
Stern, Ikonomou (bib140) 2003
Mineau, Fox, Norstrom, Weseloh, Hallett, Ellenton (bib94) 1984
(bib41) 2003
Braune, Simon (bib21) 2003; 37
de March, de Wit, Muir, Braune, Gregor, Norstrom (bib31) 1998
Innes, Muir, Stewart, Heide-Jørgensen, Dietz (bib63) 2002; 4
Johansen P, Muir D, Asmund G, Riget F. Contaminants in Traditional Greenland Diet. Technical report. National Environmental Research Institute, Department of Arctic Environment, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, DK, 2004, 72 pp.
Letcher, Norstrom, Bergman (bib74) 1995; 160/161
Letcher, Norstrom, Muir, Sandau, Koczanski, Michaud (bib78) 2000; 19
Norstrom, Simon, Moisey, Wakeford, Weseloh (bib121) 2002; 36
Hoekstra, O'Hara, Teixeria, Backus, Fisk, Muir (bib58) 2002; 21
Muir, Wagemann, Hargrave, Thomas, Peakall, Norstrom (bib104) 1992; 122
Hobson, Fisk, Karnovsky, Holst, Gagnon, Fortier (bib57) 2002; 49
Muir, Norstrom, Simon (bib101) 1988; 22
Stern (bib136) 1999; vol. 75
Barrett, Skaare, Gabrielsen (bib8) 1996; 92
Bernhoft, Wiig, Skaare (bib12) 1996; 95
Borgå, Fisk, Hoekstra, Muir (bib18) 2004; 23
Buser, Müller (bib26) 1992; 64
Monteiro, Granadeiro, Furness, Oliveira (bib96) 1999; 47
Hargrave, Phillips, Vass, Bruecker, Welch, Siferd (bib48) 2000; 34
Fisk, Moisey, Hobson, Karnovsky, Norstrom (bib38) 2001; 113
Outridge, McNeely, Dyke (bib123) 2000
Krahn, Tlitalo, Burrows, Calambokidis, Moore, Gosho (bib70) 2001; 3
Stirling, McEwan (bib143) 1975; 53
Stern, Addison (bib137) 1999
Metcalfe, Metcalfe, Ray, Paterson, Koenig (bib93) 1999; 47
Muir, Lockhart (bib98) 1997; vol. 74
Hebert, Shutt, Norstrom (bib52) 1997; 31
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib118) 2001
Addison (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib4) 2005; 351–352
Wheatley (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib157) 1988; 47
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib108) 1999; 230
Macdonald (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib91) 2003
Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib80) 1999; 232
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib104) 1992; 122
Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib82) 2004; 324
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib140) 2003
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib137) 1999
Verreault (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib152) 2005; 351–352
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib100) 2000; 112
Hickie (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib55) 2005; 351–352
Sandau (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib131) 2000; 34
Andersson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib5) 1988; 17
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib136) 1999; vol. 75
Hobson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib56) 1995; 128
Lydersen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib89) 2002; 292
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib97) 1997; vol. 74
Cleemann (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib29) 2000; 245
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib35) 1998; 17
Jansson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib64) 1993; 12
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib107) 1999; vol. 75
Bailey (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib7) 2001; 43
Lockhart (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib84) 1995; 80
Mineau (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib94) 1984
Norstom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib115) 1994; 20
Stirling (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib144) 1982; vol. 7
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib114) 2001
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib139) 2001
Kannan (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib67) 2001; 35
Wagemann (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib154) 1996; 186
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib142) 2005; 351–352
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib21) 2003; 37
Kingsley (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib68) 1985; 42
Lie (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib83) 2003; 306
van den Berg (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib151) 1987; 16
de March (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib31) 1998
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib39) 2002; 42
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib113) 2000; 34
Smith (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib134) 1978; 31
Wolkers (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib161) 1998; 216
Heath (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib49) 1987
Outridge (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib123) 2000
Kucklick (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib71) 2002; 287
Martin (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib92) 2004; 38
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib66
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib79) 2003
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib99) 2003
Hargrave (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib48) 2000; 34
Lockhart (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib86) 2005; 351–352
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib110) 1999; 41
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib121) 2002; 36
Sellström (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib133) 1993; 26
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib24) 2002; 117
Bernhard (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib11) 1984
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib19) 2003
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib74) 1995; 160/161
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib109) 1999
de Boer (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib30) 2000
Gaston (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib44) 1998
Buckman (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib25) 2004; 128
Henriksen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib54) 2001; 3
Berg (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib10) 1997; 44
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib116) 1997; vol. 74
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib119) 1990; 66
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib37) 2001; 43
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib78) 2000; 19
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib130
Bidleman (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib14) 2001
Giesy (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib45) 2001; 35
Monteiro (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib96) 1999; 47
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib112) 2000
Sandala (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib129) 2004; 331
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib138) 2000
Olsson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib122) 1986; 15
Wiberg (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib158) 1998; 70
Outridge (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib124) 2002; 55
Jarman (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib65) 1996; 30
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib76) 1998; 32
Addison (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib3) 2000; 1070
Tomy (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib149) 2000; 34
Hobson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib57) 2002; 49
Rasmussen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib126) 1990; 47
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib22) 2004; 48
Lockhart (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib87) 2005; 351–352
Borgå (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib18) 2004; 23
Thompson (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib145) 1992; 29
Riget (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib127) 2000; 245
Hoekstra (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib58) 2002; 21
Wolkers (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib162) 2004; 38
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib75) 1996; 137
Tomy (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib148) 2003
Letcher (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib77) 2000; vol. 3-Part K
Ikonomou (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib62) 2002; 36
Bignert (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib15) 1995; 89
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib38) 2001; 113
Hargrave (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib47) 1992; 22
Macdonald (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib90) 2000; 254
Sang (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib132) 2000
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib120) 1998; 35
Bignert (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib16) 2004; 6
Buser (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib26) 1992; 64
Polischuk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib125) 2002; 118
Buser (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib27) 1993; 27
Moisey (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib95) 2001; 35
Dietz (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib32) 1998
Holden (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib61) 1970
Tittlemier (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib146) 1999; 33
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib36) 2001; 35
Stirling (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib143) 1975; 53
Helm (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib53) 2002; 119
Li (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib81) 2002; 291
Bidleman (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib13) 1989; 43
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib102) 1990; 224
Barrett (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib8) 1996; 92
Hebert (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib51) 1994; 28
Stern (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib141) 2003
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib42) 2003; 262
Wiberg (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib159) 1998; 36
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib28
Hebert (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib50) 1998; 8
Krahn (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib70) 2001; 3
Norstrom (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib117) 1999; vol. 75
Atwell (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib6) 1998; 55
Hoekstra (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib60) 2003; 22
Addison (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib1) 1998; 51
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib23) 2001; 114
Riget (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib128) 2005; 351–352
Wade (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib153) 1997; 34
Hakk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib46) 2003; 29
Tittlemier (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib147) 2002; 116
Borgå (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib17) 2001; 113
van Bavel (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib150) 2001; 52
Weis (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib156) 1997; 96
Wagemann (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib155) 1997; 16
Metcalfe (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib93) 1999; 47
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib73
Lockhart (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib85) 2001
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib111) 2000; 245
Wiberg (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib160) 2000; 34
Innes (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib63) 2002; 4
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib106) 1997
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib103) 1992; 75
Ford (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib43) 1993; 26
Kostamo (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib69) 2000; 19
Hebert (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib52) 1997; 31
Kuzyk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib72) 2005; 351–352
Addison (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib2) 1986; 20
Bernhoft (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib12) 1996; 95
Loewen (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib88) 1998; 36
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib105) 1995; 90
(10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib41) 2003
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib98) 1997; vol. 74
Hoekstra (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib59) 2003; 124
Braune (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib20) 1989; 8
Springer (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib135) 1996; 5
Dietz (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib33) 2004; 331
Doidge (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib34) 1993
Fisk (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib40) 2002; 83
Muir (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib101) 1988; 22
Barrie (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib9) 1997
References_xml – volume: 3
  start-page: 19
  year: 2001
  end-page: 29
  ident: bib70
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminant concentrations and lipid profiles in eastern North Pacific gray whales (
  publication-title: J Cetacean Res Manag
  contributor:
    fullname: Gosho
– volume: 186
  start-page: 41
  year: 1996
  end-page: 67
  ident: bib154
  article-title: Overview and regional and temporal differences of heavy metals in Arctic whales and ringed seals in the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Richard
– volume: 6
  start-page: 351
  year: 2004
  end-page: 355
  ident: bib16
  article-title: Temporal trend monitoring of mercury in Arctic biota—how powerful are the existing data sets?
  publication-title: J Environ Monit
  contributor:
    fullname: Wilson
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 223
  year: 1997
  end-page: 240
  ident: bib116
  article-title: Contaminant trends and effects in polar bears
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1995–1997 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– start-page: 373
  year: 1998
  end-page: 524
  ident: bib32
  article-title: Heavy metals
  publication-title: AMAP assessment report: arctic pollution issues
  contributor:
    fullname: Thomas
– volume: 47
  start-page: 163
  year: 1988
  end-page: 167
  ident: bib157
  article-title: Methylmercury in the Canadian Arctic environment past and present—natural or industrial?
  publication-title: Arctic Med Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Wheatley
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1593
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1598
  ident: bib67
  article-title: Accumulation of perfluorooctane sulfonate in marine mammals
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Hansen
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 373
  year: 2005
  end-page: 394
  ident: bib152
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and metabolites in polar bears (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Gabrielsen
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1268
  year: 1994
  end-page: 1277
  ident: bib51
  article-title: Temporal trends and sources of PCDDs and PCDFs in the Great Lakes: herring gull egg monitoring, 1981–1991
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Macdonald
– start-page: 358
  year: 2003
  end-page: 361
  ident: bib140
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorine contaminants in SE Baffin (Pangnirtung) beluga, 1982–2002
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Ikonomou
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 268
  year: 2005
  end-page: 288
  ident: bib72
  article-title: PCBs in sediments and the coastal food web near a local source in Saglek Bay, Labrador
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Reimer
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 431
  year: 2005
  end-page: 467
  ident: bib86
  article-title: Total mercury in edible muscle of fish from lakes in northern Canada
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Roach
– volume: 216
  start-page: 1
  year: 1998
  end-page: 11
  ident: bib161
  article-title: Congener specific PCB and polychlorinated camphene (toxaphene) levels in Svalbard ringed seals (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Witkamp
– volume: 8
  start-page: 669
  year: 1998
  end-page: 679
  ident: bib50
  article-title: Winter severity affects migration and contaminant accumulation in northern Great Lakes Herring Gulls
  publication-title: Ecol Appl
  contributor:
    fullname: Hebert
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1859
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1866
  ident: bib155
  article-title: Percent methylmercury and organic mercury in tissues of marine mammals and fish using different experimental and calculation methods
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Boila
– volume: 324
  start-page: 115
  year: 2004
  end-page: 139
  ident: bib82
  article-title: Historical a-HCH budget in the Arctic Ocean: the Arctic Mass Balance Box Model (AMBBM)
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Venkatesh
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 175
  year: 1999
  end-page: 188
  ident: bib117
  article-title: Contaminant trends and effects in polar bears
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1997/98 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 31
  start-page: 75
  year: 1978
  end-page: 84
  ident: bib134
  article-title: Mercury and selenium in ringed and bearded seal tissue from Arctic Canada
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Armstrong
– volume: 23
  start-page: 2367
  year: 2004
  end-page: 2385
  ident: bib18
  article-title: Biological and chemical factors of importance in the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine food webs
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1012
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1017
  ident: bib52
  article-title: Dietary changes cause temporal fluctuations in polychlorinated biphenyl levels in herring gull eggs from Lake Ontario
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 1070
  year: 2000
  ident: bib3
  article-title: Residues of PCDD, PCDF, NO-CB and MO-CB in ringed seals (
  publication-title: Can Data Rep Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Smith
– volume: 33
  start-page: 26
  year: 1999
  end-page: 33
  ident: bib146
  article-title: Identification of a novel C
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 48
  start-page: 986
  year: 2004
  end-page: 992
  ident: bib22
  article-title: Trace elements and halogenated organic compounds in Canadian Arctic seabirds
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  contributor:
    fullname: Simon
– volume: 96
  start-page: 321
  year: 1997
  end-page: 333
  ident: bib156
  article-title: Geographical variation of persistent organochlorine concentrations in blubber of ringed seal (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 52
  start-page: 99
  year: 2001
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib150
  article-title: Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine mammals
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: Lindström
– volume: 291
  start-page: 229
  year: 2002
  end-page: 246
  ident: bib81
  article-title: The transport of β-hexachlorocyclohexane to the western Arctic Ocean: a contrast to α-HCH
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Strachan
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1920
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1927
  ident: bib95
  article-title: Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers and chiral signatures of α-HCH in the Arctic marine food web of the Northwater Polynya
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 35
  start-page: 354
  year: 1998
  end-page: 367
  ident: bib120
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in polar bears from eastern Russia, North America, Greenland, and Svalbard: biomonitoring of arctic pollution
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  contributor:
    fullname: Olpinski
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1981
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1991
  ident: bib43
  article-title: Development of a semi-automated method for non-
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  contributor:
    fullname: Mulvihill
– volume: 49
  start-page: 5131
  year: 2002
  end-page: 5150
  ident: bib57
  article-title: A stable isotope (
  publication-title: Deep-Sea Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Fortier
– volume: 112
  start-page: 93
  year: 2000
  end-page: 101
  ident: bib100
  article-title: Geographical differences and time trends of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic
  publication-title: Toxicol Lett
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 348
  year: 2005
  end-page: 372
  ident: bib142
  article-title: Spatial trends and factors affecting variation of organochlorine contaminants levels in Canadian Arctic beluga (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Rosenberg
– volume: 30
  start-page: 654
  year: 1996
  end-page: 660
  ident: bib65
  article-title: Influence of trophic position and feeding location on contaminant levels in the Gulf of the Farallones food web revealed by stable isotope analysis
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: McLaren
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1351
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1357
  ident: bib153
  article-title: Toxaphene, PCB, DDT and chlordane analyses of beluga whale blubber
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  contributor:
    fullname: Tarpley
– volume: 118
  start-page: 29
  year: 2002
  end-page: 39
  ident: bib125
  article-title: Body burdens and tissue concentrations of organochlorines in polar bears (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Ramsay
– start-page: 165
  year: 1999
  end-page: 171
  ident: bib109
  article-title: Spatial trends and pathways of POPs and metals in fish, shellfish and marine mammals of northern Labrador and Nunavik
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1998/99 Northern Contaminants Program, environmental studies report
  contributor:
    fullname: Lampe
– volume: 36
  start-page: 4783
  year: 2002
  end-page: 4789
  ident: bib121
  article-title: Geographical distribution (2000) and temporal trends (1981 to 2000) of brominated diphenyl ethers in Great Lakes herring gull eggs
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Weseloh
– volume: 114
  start-page: 39
  year: 2001
  end-page: 54
  ident: bib23
  article-title: Contaminant residues in seabird eggs from the Canadian Arctic: I. Temporal trends 1975–1998
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Hobson
– volume: 232
  start-page: 121
  year: 1999
  end-page: 158
  ident: bib80
  article-title: Global technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage and its contamination consequences in the environment: from 1948 to 1997
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Li
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 197
  year: 1999
  end-page: 204
  ident: bib136
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorines contaminants in southeastern Baffin beluga
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1997/98 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1071
  year: 1988
  end-page: 1079
  ident: bib101
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in arctic marine food chains: accumulation of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and chlordane related compounds
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Simon
– volume: 160/161
  start-page: 409
  year: 1995
  end-page: 420
  ident: bib74
  article-title: Geographical distribution and identification of methyl sulphone PCB and DDE metabolites in pooled polar bear (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Bergman
– volume: 90
  start-page: 335
  year: 1995
  end-page: 348
  ident: bib105
  article-title: Can seal eating explain elevated levels of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in walrus blubber from eastern Hudson Bay Canada?
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Olpinski
– start-page: 215
  year: 2001
  end-page: 226
  ident: bib118
  article-title: Effects and trends of POPs on polar bears
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2000–2001 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– year: 2003
  ident: bib91
  article-title: AMAP assessment 2002: the influence of global change on contaminant pathways to, within, and from the Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Weingartner
– volume: 116
  start-page: 85
  year: 2002
  end-page: 93
  ident: bib147
  article-title: Examination of the bioaccumulation of halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles in an Arctic marine food web using stable nitrogen isotope analysis
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1339
  year: 2001
  end-page: 1342
  ident: bib45
  article-title: Global distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonate in wildlife
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Kannan
– volume: 92
  start-page: 13
  year: 1996
  end-page: 18
  ident: bib8
  article-title: Recent changes in levels of persistent organochlorines and mercury in eggs of seabirds from the Barents Sea
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Gabrielsen
– volume: 55
  start-page: 1114
  year: 1998
  end-page: 1121
  ident: bib6
  article-title: Biomagnification and bioaccumulation of mercury in an arctic marine food web: insights from stable nitrogen isotope analysis
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Welch
– start-page: 350
  year: 2003
  end-page: 357
  ident: bib141
  article-title: Temporal trends of mercury in beluga, narwhal and walrus from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Stewart
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1021
  year: 1975
  end-page: 1027
  ident: bib143
  article-title: The caloric value of whole ringed seals (
  publication-title: Can J Zool
  contributor:
    fullname: McEwan
– volume: 17
  start-page: 951
  year: 1998
  end-page: 961
  ident: bib35
  article-title: Dietary accumulation and depuration of hydrophobic organochlorines: bioaccumulation parameters and their relationship with the octanol/water partition coefficient
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– start-page: 191
  year: 2000
  end-page: 201
  ident: bib112
  article-title: Spatial trends and pathways of persistent organic pollutants and metals in fish, shellfish and marine mammals of northern Labrador and Nunavik
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1999–2000 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Lampe
– volume: 245
  start-page: 103
  year: 2000
  end-page: 116
  ident: bib29
  article-title: Organochlorines in Greenland ringed seals (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Dietz
– start-page: 251
  year: 2003
  end-page: 254
  ident: bib19
  article-title: Retrospective survey of dioxins, furans, coplanar PCBs and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in arctic seabird eggs
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 262
  start-page: 201
  year: 2003
  end-page: 214
  ident: bib42
  article-title: Biological characteristics influencing organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine invertebrates
  publication-title: Mar Ecol Prog Ser
  contributor:
    fullname: Kwan
– volume: 17
  start-page: 755
  year: 1988
  end-page: 765
  ident: bib5
  article-title: Spatial differences and temporal trends of organochlorine compounds in biota from the Northwestern Hemisphere
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  contributor:
    fullname: Wideqvist
– volume: 21
  start-page: 575
  year: 2002
  end-page: 583
  ident: bib58
  article-title: Spatial trends and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pollutants in marine zooplankton from the Alaskan and western Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: vol. 7
  year: 1982
  ident: bib144
  article-title: The distribution and abundance of seals in the eastern Beaufort Sea 1974–1979
  publication-title: Occasional Paper
  contributor:
    fullname: Calvert
– volume: 3
  start-page: 1
  year: 2001
  end-page: 7
  ident: bib54
  article-title: Monitoring PCBs in polar bears: lessons learned from Svalbard
  publication-title: J Environ Monit
  contributor:
    fullname: Derocher
– volume: 47
  start-page: 2030
  year: 1990
  end-page: 2032
  ident: bib126
  article-title: Food chain structure in Ontario lakes determines PCB levels in lake trout (
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Carey
– volume: 230
  start-page: 83
  year: 1999
  end-page: 144
  ident: bib108
  article-title: Spatial and temporal trends and effects of contaminants in the Canadian Arctic marine ecosystem: a review
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– volume: 70
  start-page: 3845
  year: 1998
  end-page: 3852
  ident: bib158
  article-title: Enantioselective gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of methylsulfonyl PCBs with application to Arctic marine mammals
  publication-title: Anal Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Haglund
– volume: 36
  start-page: 3119
  year: 1998
  end-page: 3135
  ident: bib88
  article-title: Characterization of three major toxaphene congeners in arctic ringed seal by electron ionization and electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  contributor:
    fullname: Parlar
– volume: 19
  start-page: 848
  year: 2000
  end-page: 854
  ident: bib69
  article-title: Analysis of organochlorine compounds and extractable organic halogen in three subspecies of ringed seal from Northeast Europe
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Kukkonen
– start-page: 143
  year: 1984
  end-page: 167
  ident: bib11
  article-title: Transport of trace metals in marine food chains
  publication-title: Changing metal cycles and human health
  contributor:
    fullname: Andreae
– volume: 4
  start-page: 51
  year: 2002
  end-page: 68
  ident: bib63
  article-title: Stock identity of beluga (
  publication-title: NAMMCO Sci Publ
  contributor:
    fullname: Dietz
– start-page: 237
  year: 2001
  end-page: 242
  ident: bib139
  article-title: Temporal trends of organohalogen compounds in Canadian Arctic beluga
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2000–2001 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Ikonomou
– start-page: 25
  year: 1997
  end-page: 182
  ident: bib9
  article-title: Occurrence and pathways: Chap. 2. Ecosystem uptake and effects
  publication-title: Canadian Arctic contaminants assessment report
  contributor:
    fullname: Semkin
– volume: 43
  start-page: 307
  year: 1989
  end-page: 313
  ident: bib13
  article-title: Toxaphene and other organochlorines in Arctic Ocean fauna: evidence for atmospheric delivery
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Erickson
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1656
  year: 1998
  end-page: 1661
  ident: bib76
  article-title: Biotransformation versus bioaccumulation: sources of methyl sulfone PCB and 4,4′-DDE metabolites in the polar bear food chain
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 128
  start-page: 1
  year: 1995
  end-page: 10
  ident: bib56
  article-title: Sources of primary production, benthic–pelagic coupling, and trophic relationships within the Northeast Water Polynya: insights from delta
  publication-title: Mar Ecol Prog Ser
  contributor:
    fullname: Renaud
– year: 2000
  ident: bib132
  article-title: Whales (
  publication-title: Report to toxic substances research initiative, Sept
  contributor:
    fullname: Kwan
– volume: 43
  start-page: 93
  year: 2001
  end-page: 101
  ident: bib37
  article-title: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a small, herbaceous, Arctic marine zooplankton (
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1615
  year: 2000
  end-page: 1619
  ident: bib149
  article-title: Levels of C10–C13 polychloro-
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Westmore
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 316
  year: 2005
  end-page: 326
  ident: bib128
  article-title: Circumpolar pattern of mercury and cadmium in ringed seals
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Woshner
– volume: 51
  start-page: 253
  year: 1998
  end-page: 261
  ident: bib1
  article-title: Trends in organochlorine residue concentrations in ringed seal (
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Smith
– volume: 20
  start-page: 541
  year: 1994
  end-page: 545
  ident: bib115
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in the Arctic marine environment
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstom
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1703
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1718
  ident: bib133
  article-title: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in biological samples from the Swedish environment
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  contributor:
    fullname: Olsson
– volume: 47
  start-page: 137
  year: 1999
  end-page: 156
  ident: bib96
  article-title: Contemporary patterns of mercury contamination in the Portuguese Atlantic inferred from mercury concentrations in seabird tissues
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Oliveira
– volume: 55
  start-page: 123
  year: 2002
  end-page: 132
  ident: bib124
  article-title: A comparison of modern and preindustrial levels of mercury in the teeth of beluga in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, and walrus at Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Dyke
– volume: 122
  start-page: 75
  year: 1992
  end-page: 134
  ident: bib104
  article-title: Arctic marine ecosystem contamination
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 43
  start-page: 167
  year: 2001
  end-page: 182
  ident: bib7
  article-title: Global hexachlorobenzene emissions
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  contributor:
    fullname: Bailey
– year: 2003
  ident: bib41
  publication-title: Contaminant levels and trends in the biological environment, Canadian Arctic contaminants assessment report II
– volume: 47
  start-page: 1
  year: 1999
  end-page: 15
  ident: bib93
  article-title: Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine compounds in brain, liver, and muscle of beluga whales (
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Koenig
– year: 2000
  ident: bib123
  article-title: Historical trends of stable lead isotopes, mercury and other trace metals in marine bivalve shells from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: International conference on heavy metals in the environment, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, 6–10 Aug
  contributor:
    fullname: Dyke
– volume: 38
  start-page: 373
  year: 2004
  end-page: 380
  ident: bib92
  article-title: Identification of long-chain perfluorinated acids in biota from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Mabury
– year: 1993
  ident: bib34
  article-title: Blue mussels (
  publication-title: Report to Fisheries and Aquaculture Testing and Experimentation Program of Department of Fisheries and Oceans
  contributor:
    fullname: Mesher
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 215
  year: 1997
  end-page: 221
  ident: bib97
  article-title: Spatial and temporal trends of PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and chlorinated dioxin/furans in arctic marine mammals
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1995–1997 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: 42
  start-page: 1189
  year: 1985
  end-page: 1210
  ident: bib68
  article-title: The distribution and abundance of seals in the Canadian High Arctic, 1980–82
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Calvert
– volume: 224
  start-page: 165
  year: 1990
  end-page: 190
  ident: bib102
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in beluga (
  publication-title: Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Zinck
– volume: vol. 3-Part K
  start-page: 315
  year: 2000
  end-page: 360
  ident: bib77
  publication-title: The handbook of environmental chemistry: new types of persistent halogenated compounds
  contributor:
    fullname: Bergman
– year: 2001
  ident: bib85
  article-title: Temporal trends of mercury in arctic beluga whale liver
  publication-title: Poster, 6th international conference on mercury as a global pollutant, Minamata, Japan
  contributor:
    fullname: Delaronde
– start-page: 425
  year: 1984
  end-page: 452
  ident: bib94
  article-title: Using the herring gull to monitor levels and effects of organochlorine contamination in the Canadian Great Lakes
  publication-title: Toxic contaminants in the Great Lakes
  contributor:
    fullname: Ellenton
– volume: 113
  start-page: 187
  year: 2001
  end-page: 198
  ident: bib17
  article-title: Biomagnification of organochlorines along a Barents Sea food chain
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Skaare
– start-page: 293
  year: 2003
  end-page: 300
  ident: bib79
  article-title: Temporal and spatial trends of contaminants in Canadian polar bears
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 331
  start-page: 83
  year: 2004
  end-page: 105
  ident: bib33
  article-title: Regional and inter annual patterns of heavy metals, organochlorines and stable isotopes in narwhals (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Cleemann
– start-page: 61
  year: 2000
  end-page: 95
  ident: bib30
  article-title: Polybrominated biphenyls and diphenylethers
  publication-title: The handbook of environmental chemistry. Vol. 3, Part K. New types of persistent halogenated compounds
  contributor:
    fullname: Boon
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1163
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1174
  ident: bib64
  article-title: Chlorinated and brominated persistent organic compounds in biological samples from the environment
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Sellström
– volume: 34
  start-page: 2431
  year: 2000
  end-page: 2438
  ident: bib113
  article-title: Circumpolar trends of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in the Arctic marine environment inferred from levels in ringed seals
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Nakata
– volume: 42
  start-page: 118
  year: 2002
  end-page: 126
  ident: bib39
  article-title: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and enantiomeric signatures of chiral pollutants in ringed seals (
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 306
  start-page: 159
  year: 2003
  end-page: 170
  ident: bib83
  article-title: Geographical distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in polar bears (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Derocher
– volume: 117
  start-page: 133
  year: 2002
  end-page: 145
  ident: bib24
  article-title: Contaminant residues in seabird eggs from the Canadian Arctic: II. Spatial trends and evidence from stable isotopes for intercolony differences
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Hobson
– volume: 64
  start-page: 3168
  year: 1992
  end-page: 3175
  ident: bib26
  article-title: Enantiomer separation of chlordane components and metabolites using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography and detection by mass spectrometric techniques
  publication-title: Anal Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Müller
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1667
  year: 2004
  end-page: 1674
  ident: bib162
  article-title: Congener-specific accumulation and food chain transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two arctic food chains
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Lydersen
– volume: 331
  start-page: 125
  year: 2004
  end-page: 141
  ident: bib129
  article-title: Hydroxylated and methyl sulfone PCB metabolites in adipose and whole blood of polar bear (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Bennett
– start-page: 227
  year: 2000
  end-page: 232
  ident: bib138
  article-title: Temporal trends of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated and polychlorinated diphenyl ethers in southeast Baffin beluga
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1999–2000 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Ikonomou
– start-page: 208
  year: 2001
  end-page: 214
  ident: bib114
  article-title: Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and metals in ringed seals from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2000–2001 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Kwan
– start-page: 93
  year: 2001
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib14
  article-title: New persistent chemicals in the Arctic environment
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2000–2001 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1378
  year: 2000
  end-page: 1388
  ident: bib78
  article-title: Methylsulfone polychlorinated biphenyl and 2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene metabolites in beluga whale (
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Michaud
– volume: 44
  start-page: 135
  year: 1997
  end-page: 148
  ident: bib10
  article-title: Organochlorine contamination in deep-sea fish from the Davis Strait
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Skaare
– volume: 75
  start-page: 307
  year: 1992
  end-page: 316
  ident: bib103
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in narwhal (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Bidleman
– start-page: 191
  year: 1997
  end-page: 294
  ident: bib106
  article-title: Chap. 3. Ecosystem uptake and effects
  publication-title: Canadian Arctic contaminants assessment report
  contributor:
    fullname: Gamberg
– volume: 254
  start-page: 93
  year: 2000
  end-page: 234
  ident: bib90
  article-title: Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic: 5 years of progress in understanding sources, occurrence and pathways
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Semkin
– start-page: 367
  year: 2003
  end-page: 370
  ident: bib148
  article-title: New persistent chemicals of concern in an Eastern Arctic food web
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Helm
– volume: 34
  start-page: 2668
  year: 2000
  end-page: 2674
  ident: bib160
  article-title: The enantioselective bioaccumulation of chiral chlordane and α-HCH contaminants in the polar bear food chain
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Bidleman
– volume: 22
  start-page: 2482
  year: 2003
  end-page: 2491
  ident: bib60
  article-title: Enantiomer-specific biomagnification of α-hexachlorocyclohexane and selected chiral chlordane-related compounds within an arctic marine food web
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 305
  year: 2005
  end-page: 315
  ident: bib4
  article-title: PCDD/F and PCB concentrations in Arctic ringed seals (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Fernandez
– volume: 37
  start-page: 3071
  year: 2003
  end-page: 3077
  ident: bib21
  article-title: Dioxins, furans, and non-
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Simon
– volume: 80
  start-page: 603
  year: 1995
  end-page: 610
  ident: bib84
  article-title: Current and historical inputs of mercury to high-latitude lakes in Canada and to Hudson Bay
  publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Brunskill
– year: 1987
  ident: bib49
  article-title: Water pollution and fish physiology
  contributor:
    fullname: Heath
– volume: 34
  start-page: 980
  year: 2000
  end-page: 987
  ident: bib48
  article-title: Seasonality in bioaccumulation of organochlorines in lower trophic levels Arctic marine biota
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Siferd
– volume: 83
  start-page: 2162
  year: 2002
  end-page: 2172
  ident: bib40
  article-title: Using anthropogenic contaminants and stable isotopes to assess the feeding ecology of Greenland shark
  publication-title: Ecology
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 207
  year: 1997
  end-page: 213
  ident: bib98
  article-title: Contaminant trends in freshwater and marine fish
  publication-title: Synopsis of research under the 1995–1997 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– volume: 113
  start-page: 225
  year: 2001
  end-page: 238
  ident: bib38
  article-title: Chlordane components and metabolites in seven species of Arctic seabirds from the Northwater Polynya: relationships with stable isotopes of nitrogen and enantiomeric fractions of chiral components
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– year: 1998
  ident: bib44
  article-title: Bird families of the world—the Auks
  contributor:
    fullname: Jones
– volume: 34
  start-page: 3871
  year: 2000
  end-page: 3877
  ident: bib131
  article-title: Identification of 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: a metabolite of octachlorostyrene?
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Brouwer
– start-page: 203
  year: 1999
  end-page: 212
  ident: bib137
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorines in southeast Baffin beluga and Holman ringed seal
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1998–1999 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1
  year: 1990
  end-page: 19
  ident: bib119
  article-title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– start-page: 318
  year: 2003
  end-page: 327
  ident: bib99
  article-title: Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and metals in ringed seals from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 2001–2003 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Kwan
– volume: 95
  start-page: 159
  year: 1996
  end-page: 175
  ident: bib12
  article-title: Organochlorines in polar bears (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Skaare
– volume: 8
  start-page: 957
  year: 1989
  end-page: 968
  ident: bib20
  article-title: Dynamics of organochlorine compounds in herring gulls: 3. Tissue distribution and bioaccumulation in Lake Ontario gulls
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 124
  start-page: 509
  year: 2003
  end-page: 522
  ident: bib59
  article-title: Trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants (OCs) within an arctic marine food web from the southern Beaufort–Chukchi Seas
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 395
  year: 2005
  end-page: 416
  ident: bib87
  article-title: Concentrations and trends of mercury in tissues of beluga whales (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: DeLaronde
– volume: 29
  start-page: 79
  year: 1992
  end-page: 84
  ident: bib145
  article-title: Historical changes in mercury concentrations in the marine ecosystem of the north and north-east Atlantic Ocean as indicated by seabird feathers
  publication-title: J Appl Ecol
  contributor:
    fullname: Walsh
– volume: 245
  start-page: 73
  year: 2000
  end-page: 86
  ident: bib111
  article-title: Temporal and spatial trends of persistent organochlorines in Greenland walrus (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 41
  start-page: 565
  year: 1999
  end-page: 568
  ident: bib110
  article-title: Congener and enantiomer specific studies on the environmental fate of toxaphene
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: Karlsson
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 417
  year: 2005
  end-page: 430
  ident: bib55
  article-title: Development and application of bioaccumulation models to assess persistent organic pollutant temporal trends in arctic ringed seal (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 128
  start-page: 327
  year: 2004
  end-page: 338
  ident: bib25
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in seven species of Arctic seabirds from northern Baffin Bay
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: 35
  start-page: 732
  year: 2001
  end-page: 738
  ident: bib36
  article-title: Influence of chemical and biological factors on trophic transfer of persistent organic pollutants in the Northwater Polynya marine food web
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 15
  start-page: 103
  year: 1986
  end-page: 109
  ident: bib122
  article-title: DDT and PCB pollution trends in the Swedish aquatic environment
  publication-title: Ambio
  contributor:
    fullname: Reutergårdh
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 165
  year: 1999
  end-page: 169
  ident: bib107
  article-title: New persistent and bioaccumulative chemicals in arctic air, water/snow, and biota
  publication-title: Synopsis of research conducted under the 1997/98 Northern Contaminants Program
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1886
  year: 2002
  end-page: 1892
  ident: bib62
  article-title: Exponential increases of the brominated flame retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, in the Canadian Arctic from 1981–2000
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: 137
  start-page: 127
  year: 1996
  end-page: 140
  ident: bib75
  article-title: Immunoquantitation and microsomal monooxygenase activities of hepatic cytochromes
  publication-title: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
  contributor:
    fullname: Bandiera
– volume: 27
  start-page: 1211
  year: 1993
  end-page: 1220
  ident: bib27
  article-title: Enantioselective determination of chlordane components, metabolites, and photoconversion products in environmental samples using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Müller
– volume: 22
  start-page: 41
  year: 1992
  end-page: 54
  ident: bib47
  article-title: Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in the Arctic Ocean food web
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  contributor:
    fullname: Scott
– volume: 5
  start-page: 205
  year: 1996
  end-page: 223
  ident: bib135
  article-title: The Bering Sea green belt: shelf-edge process and ecosystem production
  publication-title: Fish Oceanogr
  contributor:
    fullname: Flint
– volume: 89
  start-page: 27
  year: 1995
  end-page: 36
  ident: bib15
  article-title: Time-related factors influence the concentrations of SDDT, PCBs and shell parameters in eggs of Baltic guillemot (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Reutergårdh
– volume: 119
  start-page: 69
  year: 2002
  end-page: 78
  ident: bib53
  article-title: Polychlorinated naphthalenes and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in beluga whale (
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  contributor:
    fullname: Koczanski
– volume: 287
  start-page: 45
  year: 2002
  end-page: 59
  ident: bib71
  article-title: Persistent organochlorine pollutants in ringed seals and polar bears collected from Northern Alaska
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Bohonowych
– volume: 20
  start-page: 253
  year: 1986
  end-page: 256
  ident: bib2
  article-title: PCBs have declined more than DDT-group residues in Arctic ringed seals (
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  contributor:
    fullname: Smith
– volume: 29
  start-page: 801
  year: 2003
  end-page: 828
  ident: bib46
  article-title: Metabolism in the toxicokinetics and fate of brominated flame retardants—a review
  publication-title: Environ Int
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– start-page: 266
  year: 1970
  end-page: 272
  ident: bib61
  article-title: Monitoring organochlorine contamination of the marine environment by the analysis of residues in seals
  publication-title: Marine pollution and sea life
  contributor:
    fullname: Holden
– volume: 16
  start-page: 149
  year: 1987
  end-page: 158
  ident: bib151
  article-title: Presence of polychlorinated dibenzo-
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  contributor:
    fullname: Olie
– start-page: 183
  year: 1998
  end-page: 371
  ident: bib31
  article-title: Chap. 6: Persistent organic pollutants
  publication-title: AMAP assessment report: arctic pollution issues
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 36
  start-page: 345
  year: 1998
  end-page: 353
  ident: bib159
  article-title: Enantioselective analysis of organochlorine pesticides in herring and seal from the Swedish marine environment
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  contributor:
    fullname: Rappe
– volume: 292
  start-page: 193
  year: 2002
  end-page: 203
  ident: bib89
  article-title: Blood is a poor substrate for monitoring pollution burdens in phocid seals
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Skaare
– volume: 245
  start-page: 161
  year: 2000
  end-page: 172
  ident: bib127
  article-title: Mercury in Arctic char (
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Aastrup
– volume: 116
  start-page: 85
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib147
  article-title: Examination of the bioaccumulation of halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles in an Arctic marine food web using stable nitrogen isotope analysis
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00144-0
  contributor:
    fullname: Tittlemier
– volume: 113
  start-page: 187
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib17
  article-title: Biomagnification of organochlorines along a Barents Sea food chain
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00171-8
  contributor:
    fullname: Borgå
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 175
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib117
  article-title: Contaminant trends and effects in polar bears
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1703
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib133
  article-title: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in biological samples from the Swedish environment
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90114-K
  contributor:
    fullname: Sellström
– volume: 186
  start-page: 41
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib154
  article-title: Overview and regional and temporal differences of heavy metals in Arctic whales and ringed seals in the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(96)05085-1
  contributor:
    fullname: Wagemann
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1920
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib95
  article-title: Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers and chiral signatures of α-HCH in the Arctic marine food web of the Northwater Polynya
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es001740a
  contributor:
    fullname: Moisey
– year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib44
  contributor:
    fullname: Gaston
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1886
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib62
  article-title: Exponential increases of the brominated flame retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, in the Canadian Arctic from 1981–2000
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es011401x
  contributor:
    fullname: Ikonomou
– volume: 42
  start-page: 1189
  year: 1985
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib68
  article-title: The distribution and abundance of seals in the Canadian High Arctic, 1980–82
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  doi: 10.1139/f85-147
  contributor:
    fullname: Kingsley
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 348
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib142
  article-title: Spatial trends and factors affecting variation of organochlorine contaminants levels in Canadian Arctic beluga (Delphinapterus leucas)
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib41
– volume: 160/161
  start-page: 409
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib74
  article-title: Geographical distribution and identification of methyl sulphone PCB and DDE metabolites in pooled polar bear (Ursus maritimus) adipose tissue from western hemisphere Arctic and Subarctic regions
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04374-A
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– volume: 34
  start-page: 3871
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib131
  article-title: Identification of 4-hydroxyheptachlorostyrene in polar bear plasma and its binding affinity to transthyretin: a metabolite of octachlorostyrene?
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es001134f
  contributor:
    fullname: Sandau
– volume: 44
  start-page: 135
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib10
  article-title: Organochlorine contamination in deep-sea fish from the Davis Strait
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  doi: 10.1016/S0141-1136(96)00107-9
  contributor:
    fullname: Berg
– volume: 306
  start-page: 159
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib83
  article-title: Geographical distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in the Norwegian and Russian Arctic
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00490-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Lie
– start-page: 266
  year: 1970
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib61
  article-title: Monitoring organochlorine contamination of the marine environment by the analysis of residues in seals
  contributor:
    fullname: Holden
– start-page: 191
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib106
  article-title: Chap. 3. Ecosystem uptake and effects
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 1070
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib3
  article-title: Residues of PCDD, PCDF, NO-CB and MO-CB in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Holman NWT in 1981, 1991 and 1996
  publication-title: Can Data Rep Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: 47
  start-page: 1
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib93
  article-title: Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine compounds in brain, liver, and muscle of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the Arctic and St. Lawrence estuary
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  doi: 10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00107-X
  contributor:
    fullname: Metcalfe
– start-page: 367
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib148
  article-title: New persistent chemicals of concern in an Eastern Arctic food web
  contributor:
    fullname: Tomy
– volume: 35
  start-page: 732
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib36
  article-title: Influence of chemical and biological factors on trophic transfer of persistent organic pollutants in the Northwater Polynya marine food web
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es001459w
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: 245
  start-page: 161
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib127
  article-title: Mercury in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) populations from Greenland
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00441-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Riget
– start-page: 358
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib140
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorine contaminants in SE Baffin (Pangnirtung) beluga, 1982–2002
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 395
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib87
  article-title: Concentrations and trends of mercury in tissues of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the Canadian Arctic from 1981 to 2002
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– volume: 20
  start-page: 253
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib2
  article-title: PCBs have declined more than DDT-group residues in Arctic ringed seals (Phoca hispida) between 1972 and 1981
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es00145a005
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: 43
  start-page: 167
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib7
  article-title: Global hexachlorobenzene emissions
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00186-7
  contributor:
    fullname: Bailey
– volume: 4
  start-page: 51
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib63
  article-title: Stock identity of beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) in Eastern Canada and West Greenland based on organochlorine contaminants in their blubber
  publication-title: NAMMCO Sci Publ
  doi: 10.7557/3.2837
  contributor:
    fullname: Innes
– volume: 55
  start-page: 123
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib124
  article-title: A comparison of modern and preindustrial levels of mercury in the teeth of beluga in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, and walrus at Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada
  publication-title: Arctic
  doi: 10.14430/arctic696
  contributor:
    fullname: Outridge
– volume: 47
  start-page: 2030
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib126
  article-title: Food chain structure in Ontario lakes determines PCB levels in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and other pelagic fish
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  doi: 10.1139/f90-227
  contributor:
    fullname: Rasmussen
– volume: 80
  start-page: 603
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib84
  article-title: Current and historical inputs of mercury to high-latitude lakes in Canada and to Hudson Bay
  publication-title: Water Air Soil Pollut
  doi: 10.1007/BF01189712
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib91
  contributor:
    fullname: Macdonald
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 268
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib72
  article-title: PCBs in sediments and the coastal food web near a local source in Saglek Bay, Labrador
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Kuzyk
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 223
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib116
  article-title: Contaminant trends and effects in polar bears
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 197
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib136
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorines contaminants in southeastern Baffin beluga
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 21
  start-page: 575
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib58
  article-title: Spatial trends and bioaccumulation of organochlorine pollutants in marine zooplankton from the Alaskan and western Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1002/etc.5620210316
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoekstra
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1339
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib45
  article-title: Global distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonate in wildlife
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es001834k
  contributor:
    fullname: Giesy
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1981
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib43
  article-title: Development of a semi-automated method for non-ortho PCBs: application to Canadian Arctic marine mammal tissues
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90025-Z
  contributor:
    fullname: Ford
– volume: 34
  start-page: 980
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib48
  article-title: Seasonality in bioaccumulation of organochlorines in lower trophic levels Arctic marine biota
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es990871c
  contributor:
    fullname: Hargrave
– volume: 51
  start-page: 253
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib1
  article-title: Trends in organochlorine residue concentrations in ringed seal (Phoca hispida) from Holman NWT, 1972–1991
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– volume: vol. 75
  start-page: 165
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib107
  article-title: New persistent and bioaccumulative chemicals in arctic air, water/snow, and biota
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 6
  start-page: 351
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib16
  article-title: Temporal trend monitoring of mercury in Arctic biota—how powerful are the existing data sets?
  publication-title: J Environ Monit
  doi: 10.1039/b312118f
  contributor:
    fullname: Bignert
– volume: 15
  start-page: 103
  year: 1986
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib122
  article-title: DDT and PCB pollution trends in the Swedish aquatic environment
  publication-title: Ambio
  contributor:
    fullname: Olsson
– start-page: 425
  year: 1984
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib94
  article-title: Using the herring gull to monitor levels and effects of organochlorine contamination in the Canadian Great Lakes
  contributor:
    fullname: Mineau
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 215
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib97
  article-title: Spatial and temporal trends of PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and chlorinated dioxin/furans in arctic marine mammals
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 224
  start-page: 165
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib102
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) from Canadian waters
  publication-title: Can Bull Fish Aquat Sci
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 118
  start-page: 29
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib125
  article-title: Body burdens and tissue concentrations of organochlorines in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) vary during seasonal fasts
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00278-0
  contributor:
    fullname: Polischuk
– volume: 47
  start-page: 163
  issue: Suppl. 1
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib157
  article-title: Methylmercury in the Canadian Arctic environment past and present—natural or industrial?
  publication-title: Arctic Med Res
  contributor:
    fullname: Wheatley
– start-page: 208
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib114
  article-title: Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and metals in ringed seals from the Canadian Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 55
  start-page: 1114
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib6
  article-title: Biomagnification and bioaccumulation of mercury in an arctic marine food web: insights from stable nitrogen isotope analysis
  publication-title: Can J Fish Aquat Sci
  doi: 10.1139/f98-001
  contributor:
    fullname: Atwell
– volume: 112
  start-page: 93
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib100
  article-title: Geographical differences and time trends of persistent organic pollutants in the Arctic
  publication-title: Toxicol Lett
  doi: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00255-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 23
  start-page: 2367
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib18
  article-title: Biological and chemical factors of importance in the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine food webs
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1897/03-518
  contributor:
    fullname: Borgå
– volume: 43
  start-page: 93
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib37
  article-title: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a small, herbaceous, Arctic marine zooplankton (Calanus hyperboreus): seasonal trends and the influence of lipids and trophic transfer
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00038-8
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: 43
  start-page: 307
  year: 1989
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib13
  article-title: Toxaphene and other organochlorines in Arctic Ocean fauna: evidence for atmospheric delivery
  publication-title: Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Bidleman
– volume: 331
  start-page: 83
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib33
  article-title: Regional and inter annual patterns of heavy metals, organochlorines and stable isotopes in narwhals (Monodon monoceros) from West Greenland
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.041
  contributor:
    fullname: Dietz
– volume: 19
  start-page: 848
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib69
  article-title: Analysis of organochlorine compounds and extractable organic halogen in three subspecies of ringed seal from Northeast Europe
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1002/etc.5620190410
  contributor:
    fullname: Kostamo
– volume: 287
  start-page: 45
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib71
  article-title: Persistent organochlorine pollutants in ringed seals and polar bears collected from Northern Alaska
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00997-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Kucklick
– volume: 3
  start-page: 1
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib54
  article-title: Monitoring PCBs in polar bears: lessons learned from Svalbard
  publication-title: J Environ Monit
  doi: 10.1039/b102683f
  contributor:
    fullname: Henriksen
– volume: 3
  start-page: 19
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib70
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminant concentrations and lipid profiles in eastern North Pacific gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus)
  publication-title: J Cetacean Res Manag
  doi: 10.47536/jcrm.v3i1.896
  contributor:
    fullname: Krahn
– volume: 66
  start-page: 1
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib119
  article-title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in marine mammals in the Canadian north
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(90)90195-I
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 64
  start-page: 3168
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib26
  article-title: Enantiomer separation of chlordane components and metabolites using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography and detection by mass spectrometric techniques
  publication-title: Anal Chem
  doi: 10.1021/ac00048a014
  contributor:
    fullname: Buser
– start-page: 165
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib109
  article-title: Spatial trends and pathways of POPs and metals in fish, shellfish and marine mammals of northern Labrador and Nunavik
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 70
  start-page: 3845
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib158
  article-title: Enantioselective gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of methylsulfonyl PCBs with application to Arctic marine mammals
  publication-title: Anal Chem
  doi: 10.1021/ac980064g
  contributor:
    fullname: Wiberg
– volume: 324
  start-page: 115
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib82
  article-title: Historical a-HCH budget in the Arctic Ocean: the Arctic Mass Balance Box Model (AMBBM)
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.022
  contributor:
    fullname: Li
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1351
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib153
  article-title: Toxaphene, PCB, DDT and chlordane analyses of beluga whale blubber
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(96)00432-8
  contributor:
    fullname: Wade
– volume: 8
  start-page: 957
  year: 1989
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib20
  article-title: Dynamics of organochlorine compounds in herring gulls: 3. Tissue distribution and bioaccumulation in Lake Ontario gulls
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1002/etc.5620081015
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 8
  start-page: 669
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib50
  article-title: Winter severity affects migration and contaminant accumulation in northern Great Lakes Herring Gulls
  publication-title: Ecol Appl
  doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[0669:WSAMAC]2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Hebert
– volume: 49
  start-page: 5131
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib57
  article-title: A stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) model for the North Water Polynya foodweb: implications for evaluating trophodynamics and the flow of energy and contaminants
  publication-title: Deep-Sea Res
  doi: 10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00182-0
  contributor:
    fullname: Hobson
– volume: 92
  start-page: 13
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib8
  article-title: Recent changes in levels of persistent organochlorines and mercury in eggs of seabirds from the Barents Sea
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(95)00091-7
  contributor:
    fullname: Barrett
– volume: 5
  start-page: 205
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib135
  article-title: The Bering Sea green belt: shelf-edge process and ecosystem production
  publication-title: Fish Oceanogr
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.1996.tb00118.x
  contributor:
    fullname: Springer
– volume: 17
  start-page: 951
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib35
  article-title: Dietary accumulation and depuration of hydrophobic organochlorines: bioaccumulation parameters and their relationship with the octanol/water partition coefficient
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1002/etc.5620170526
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: vol. 74
  start-page: 207
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib98
  article-title: Contaminant trends in freshwater and marine fish
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 30
  start-page: 654
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib65
  article-title: Influence of trophic position and feeding location on contaminant levels in the Gulf of the Farallones food web revealed by stable isotope analysis
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es950392n
  contributor:
    fullname: Jarman
– volume: 89
  start-page: 27
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib15
  article-title: Time-related factors influence the concentrations of SDDT, PCBs and shell parameters in eggs of Baltic guillemot (Uria aalge), 1861–1989
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(94)00046-G
  contributor:
    fullname: Bignert
– volume: 119
  start-page: 69
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib53
  article-title: Polychlorinated naphthalenes and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and ringed seal (Phoca hispida) from the eastern Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00326-8
  contributor:
    fullname: Helm
– ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib66
– volume: 28
  start-page: 1268
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib51
  article-title: Temporal trends and sources of PCDDs and PCDFs in the Great Lakes: herring gull egg monitoring, 1981–1991
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es00056a014
  contributor:
    fullname: Hebert
– start-page: 93
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib14
  article-title: New persistent chemicals in the Arctic environment
  contributor:
    fullname: Bidleman
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib85
  article-title: Temporal trends of mercury in arctic beluga whale liver
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 431
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib86
  article-title: Total mercury in edible muscle of fish from lakes in northern Canada
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Lockhart
– start-page: 143
  year: 1984
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib11
  article-title: Transport of trace metals in marine food chains
  contributor:
    fullname: Bernhard
– volume: 27
  start-page: 1211
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib27
  article-title: Enantioselective determination of chlordane components, metabolites, and photoconversion products in environmental samples using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es00043a023
  contributor:
    fullname: Buser
– volume: 38
  start-page: 373
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib92
  article-title: Identification of long-chain perfluorinated acids in biota from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es034727+
  contributor:
    fullname: Martin
– volume: 254
  start-page: 93
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib90
  article-title: Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic: 5 years of progress in understanding sources, occurrence and pathways
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00434-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Macdonald
– start-page: 203
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib137
  article-title: Temporal trends of organochlorines in southeast Baffin beluga and Holman ringed seal
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 37
  start-page: 3071
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib21
  article-title: Dioxins, furans, and non-ortho PCBs in Canadian Arctic seabirds
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es021082p
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 90
  start-page: 335
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib105
  article-title: Can seal eating explain elevated levels of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in walrus blubber from eastern Hudson Bay Canada?
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(95)00019-N
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 35
  start-page: 354
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib120
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in polar bears from eastern Russia, North America, Greenland, and Svalbard: biomonitoring of arctic pollution
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  doi: 10.1007/s002449900387
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 114
  start-page: 39
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib23
  article-title: Contaminant residues in seabird eggs from the Canadian Arctic: I. Temporal trends 1975–1998
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00210-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib49
  contributor:
    fullname: Heath
– start-page: 237
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib139
  article-title: Temporal trends of organohalogen compounds in Canadian Arctic beluga
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 36
  start-page: 4783
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib121
  article-title: Geographical distribution (2000) and temporal trends (1981 to 2000) of brominated diphenyl ethers in Great Lakes herring gull eggs
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es025831e
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– volume: 137
  start-page: 127
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib75
  article-title: Immunoquantitation and microsomal monooxygenase activities of hepatic cytochromes P4501A and P4502B and chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminant levels in polar bears (Ursus maritimus)
  publication-title: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
  doi: 10.1006/taap.1996.0065
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– volume: vol. 3-Part K
  start-page: 315
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib77
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– volume: 128
  start-page: 1
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib56
  article-title: Sources of primary production, benthic–pelagic coupling, and trophic relationships within the Northeast Water Polynya: insights from delta13C and delta15N analysis
  publication-title: Mar Ecol Prog Ser
  doi: 10.3354/meps128001
  contributor:
    fullname: Hobson
– year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib34
  article-title: Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) in Nunavik: distribution, demography and commercial potential
  contributor:
    fullname: Doidge
– volume: 245
  start-page: 73
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib111
  article-title: Temporal and spatial trends of persistent organochlorines in Greenland walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus)
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00434-9
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1163
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib64
  article-title: Chlorinated and brominated persistent organic compounds in biological samples from the environment
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1002/etc.5620120704
  contributor:
    fullname: Jansson
– volume: 47
  start-page: 137
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib96
  article-title: Contemporary patterns of mercury contamination in the Portuguese Atlantic inferred from mercury concentrations in seabird tissues
  publication-title: Mar Environ Res
  doi: 10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00110-X
  contributor:
    fullname: Monteiro
– start-page: 227
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib138
  article-title: Temporal trends of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated and polychlorinated diphenyl ethers in southeast Baffin beluga
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 48
  start-page: 986
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib22
  article-title: Trace elements and halogenated organic compounds in Canadian Arctic seabirds
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.02.018
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 331
  start-page: 125
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib129
  article-title: Hydroxylated and methyl sulfone PCB metabolites in adipose and whole blood of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) from East Greenland
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.03.001
  contributor:
    fullname: Sandala
– volume: 33
  start-page: 26
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib146
  article-title: Identification of a novel C10H6N2Br4Cl2 heterocyclic compound in seabird eggs. A bioaccumulating marine natural product?
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es980646f
  contributor:
    fullname: Tittlemier
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1071
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib101
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in arctic marine food chains: accumulation of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and chlordane related compounds
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es00174a012
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 245
  start-page: 103
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib29
  article-title: Organochlorines in Greenland ringed seals (Phoca hispida)
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00436-2
  contributor:
    fullname: Cleemann
– volume: 122
  start-page: 75
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib104
  article-title: Arctic marine ecosystem contamination
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(92)90246-O
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 75
  start-page: 307
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib103
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) from the Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(92)90131-S
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 36
  start-page: 3119
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib88
  article-title: Characterization of three major toxaphene congeners in arctic ringed seal by electron ionization and electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry
  publication-title: Chemosphere
  doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00018-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Loewen
– volume: vol. 7
  year: 1982
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib144
  article-title: The distribution and abundance of seals in the eastern Beaufort Sea 1974–1979
  contributor:
    fullname: Stirling
– volume: 16
  start-page: 149
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib151
  article-title: Presence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in fish-eating birds and fish from the Netherlands
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  doi: 10.1007/BF01055796
  contributor:
    fullname: van den Berg
– volume: 22
  start-page: 41
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib47
  article-title: Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in the Arctic Ocean food web
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  doi: 10.1007/BF00213301
  contributor:
    fullname: Hargrave
– volume: 34
  start-page: 2431
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib113
  article-title: Circumpolar trends of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in the Arctic marine environment inferred from levels in ringed seals
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es991245i
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 117
  start-page: 133
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib24
  article-title: Contaminant residues in seabird eggs from the Canadian Arctic: II. Spatial trends and evidence from stable isotopes for intercolony differences
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00186-5
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 124
  start-page: 509
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib59
  article-title: Trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants (OCs) within an arctic marine food web from the southern Beaufort–Chukchi Seas
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00482-7
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoekstra
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1021
  year: 1975
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib143
  article-title: The caloric value of whole ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in relation to polar bear ecology and hunting behavior
  publication-title: Can J Zool
  doi: 10.1139/z75-117
  contributor:
    fullname: Stirling
– ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib28
– volume: 113
  start-page: 225
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib38
  article-title: Chlordane components and metabolites in seven species of Arctic seabirds from the Northwater Polynya: relationships with stable isotopes of nitrogen and enantiomeric fractions of chiral components
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00153-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– start-page: 25
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib9
  article-title: Occurrence and pathways: Chap. 2. Ecosystem uptake and effects
  contributor:
    fullname: Barrie
– volume: 216
  start-page: 1
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib161
  article-title: Congener specific PCB and polychlorinated camphene (toxaphene) levels in Svalbard ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in relation to sex, age, condition and cytochrome P450 enzyme activity
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00131-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Wolkers
– volume: 31
  start-page: 1012
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib52
  article-title: Dietary changes cause temporal fluctuations in polychlorinated biphenyl levels in herring gull eggs from Lake Ontario
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es960408p
  contributor:
    fullname: Hebert
– volume: 22
  start-page: 2482
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib60
  article-title: Enantiomer-specific biomagnification of α-hexachlorocyclohexane and selected chiral chlordane-related compounds within an arctic marine food web
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  doi: 10.1897/02-459
  contributor:
    fullname: Hoekstra
– volume: 34
  start-page: 2668
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib160
  article-title: The enantioselective bioaccumulation of chiral chlordane and α-HCH contaminants in the polar bear food chain
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es990740b
  contributor:
    fullname: Wiberg
– volume: 230
  start-page: 83
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib108
  article-title: Spatial and temporal trends and effects of contaminants in the Canadian Arctic marine ecosystem: a review
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00037-6
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– start-page: 318
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib99
  article-title: Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and metals in ringed seals from the Canadian Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 83
  start-page: 2162
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib40
  article-title: Using anthropogenic contaminants and stable isotopes to assess the feeding ecology of Greenland shark
  publication-title: Ecology
  doi: 10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2162:UACASI]2.0.CO;2
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: 20
  start-page: 541
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib115
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in the Arctic marine environment
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstom
– volume: 29
  start-page: 79
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib145
  article-title: Historical changes in mercury concentrations in the marine ecosystem of the north and north-east Atlantic Ocean as indicated by seabird feathers
  publication-title: J Appl Ecol
  doi: 10.2307/2404350
  contributor:
    fullname: Thompson
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib123
  article-title: Historical trends of stable lead isotopes, mercury and other trace metals in marine bivalve shells from the Canadian Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Outridge
– volume: 34
  start-page: 1615
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib149
  article-title: Levels of C10–C13 polychloro-n-alkanes in marine mammals from the Arctic and the St. Lawrence river estuary
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es990976f
  contributor:
    fullname: Tomy
– volume: 31
  start-page: 75
  year: 1978
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib134
  article-title: Mercury and selenium in ringed and bearded seal tissue from Arctic Canada
  publication-title: Arctic
  doi: 10.14430/arctic2643
  contributor:
    fullname: Smith
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 373
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib152
  article-title: Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants and metabolites in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada, East Greenland and Svalbard:1996−2002
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Verreault
– volume: 32
  start-page: 1656
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib76
  article-title: Biotransformation versus bioaccumulation: sources of methyl sulfone PCB and 4,4′-DDE metabolites in the polar bear food chain
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es970886f
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– volume: 291
  start-page: 229
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib81
  article-title: The transport of β-hexachlorocyclohexane to the western Arctic Ocean: a contrast to α-HCH
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01104-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Li
– start-page: 350
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib141
  article-title: Temporal trends of mercury in beluga, narwhal and walrus from the Canadian Arctic
  contributor:
    fullname: Stern
– volume: 36
  start-page: 345
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib159
  article-title: Enantioselective analysis of organochlorine pesticides in herring and seal from the Swedish marine environment
  publication-title: Mar Pollut Bull
  doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(97)00187-2
  contributor:
    fullname: Wiberg
– start-page: 293
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib79
  article-title: Temporal and spatial trends of contaminants in Canadian polar bears
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– start-page: 61
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib30
  article-title: Polybrominated biphenyls and diphenylethers
  contributor:
    fullname: de Boer
– volume: 17
  start-page: 755
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib5
  article-title: Spatial differences and temporal trends of organochlorine compounds in biota from the Northwestern Hemisphere
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  doi: 10.1007/BF01061981
  contributor:
    fullname: Andersson
– volume: 292
  start-page: 193
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib89
  article-title: Blood is a poor substrate for monitoring pollution burdens in phocid seals
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01121-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Lydersen
– start-page: 215
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib118
  article-title: Effects and trends of POPs on polar bears
  contributor:
    fullname: Norstrom
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib132
  article-title: Whales (Delphinapterus leucas) and polar bears (Ursus maritimus) reproductive and endocrine systems
  contributor:
    fullname: Sang
– volume: 41
  start-page: 565
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib110
  article-title: Congener and enantiomer specific studies on the environmental fate of toxaphene
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1593
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib67
  article-title: Accumulation of perfluorooctane sulfonate in marine mammals
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es001873w
  contributor:
    fullname: Kannan
– volume: 128
  start-page: 327
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib25
  article-title: Organochlorine contaminants in seven species of Arctic seabirds from northern Baffin Bay
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.09.017
  contributor:
    fullname: Buckman
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 316
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib128
  article-title: Circumpolar pattern of mercury and cadmium in ringed seals
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Riget
– volume: 96
  start-page: 321
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib156
  article-title: Geographical variation of persistent organochlorine concentrations in blubber of ringed seal (Phoca hispida) from the Canadian Arctic: univariate and multivariate approaches
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(97)00048-1
  contributor:
    fullname: Weis
– volume: 38
  start-page: 1667
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib162
  article-title: Congener-specific accumulation and food chain transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two arctic food chains
  publication-title: Environ Sci Technol
  doi: 10.1021/es030448a
  contributor:
    fullname: Wolkers
– volume: 52
  start-page: 99
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib150
  article-title: Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine mammals
  publication-title: Organohalog Compd
  contributor:
    fullname: van Bavel
– ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib130
– volume: 95
  start-page: 159
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib12
  article-title: Organochlorines in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in Svalbard
  publication-title: Environ Pollut
  doi: 10.1016/S0269-7491(96)00122-4
  contributor:
    fullname: Bernhoft
– start-page: 183
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib31
  article-title: Chap. 6: Persistent organic pollutants
  contributor:
    fullname: de March
– volume: 42
  start-page: 118
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib39
  article-title: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and enantiomeric signatures of chiral pollutants in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) collected on the east and west side of the Northwater Polynya, Canadian Arctic
  publication-title: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
  doi: 10.1007/s002440010299
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– start-page: 373
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib32
  article-title: Heavy metals
  contributor:
    fullname: Dietz
– start-page: 251
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib19
  article-title: Retrospective survey of dioxins, furans, coplanar PCBs and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in arctic seabird eggs
  contributor:
    fullname: Braune
– volume: 262
  start-page: 201
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib42
  article-title: Biological characteristics influencing organochlorine contaminants in Arctic marine invertebrates
  publication-title: Mar Ecol Prog Ser
  doi: 10.3354/meps262201
  contributor:
    fullname: Fisk
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 305
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib4
  article-title: PCDD/F and PCB concentrations in Arctic ringed seals (Phoca hispida) have not changed between 1981 and 2000
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Addison
– ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib73
– start-page: 191
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib112
  article-title: Spatial trends and pathways of persistent organic pollutants and metals in fish, shellfish and marine mammals of northern Labrador and Nunavik
  contributor:
    fullname: Muir
– volume: 351–352
  start-page: 417
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib55
  article-title: Development and application of bioaccumulation models to assess persistent organic pollutant temporal trends in arctic ringed seal (Phoca hispida) populations
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  contributor:
    fullname: Hickie
– volume: 29
  start-page: 801
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib46
  article-title: Metabolism in the toxicokinetics and fate of brominated flame retardants—a review
  publication-title: Environ Int
  doi: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00109-0
  contributor:
    fullname: Hakk
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1378
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib78
  article-title: Methylsulfone polychlorinated biphenyl and 2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene metabolites in beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence River estuary and western Hudson Bay, Canada
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Letcher
– volume: 232
  start-page: 121
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib80
  article-title: Global technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage and its contamination consequences in the environment: from 1948 to 1997
  publication-title: Sci Total Environ
  doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00114-X
  contributor:
    fullname: Li
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1859
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034_bib155
  article-title: Percent methylmercury and organic mercury in tissues of marine mammals and fish using different experimental and calculation methods
  publication-title: Environ Toxicol Chem
  contributor:
    fullname: Wagemann
SSID ssj0000781
Score 2.4081662
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet This review summarizes and synthesizes the significant amount of data which was generated on mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Canadian...
SourceID proquest
crossref
pubmed
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 4
SubjectTerms Animals
Arctic
Arctic Regions
Beluga
Birds
Canada
Canadian Arctic
Chemical contaminants
Environmental Monitoring
Fishes
Food Chain
Invertebrates
Mammals
Marine
Marine ecosystem
Mercury
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
Mytilus edulis
Organic Chemicals - analysis
Organic Chemicals - metabolism
Organochlorines
PCBs
Ringed seals
Seabirds
Seawater
Temporal trends
Time Factors
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism
Title Persistent organic pollutants and mercury in marine biota of the Canadian Arctic: An overview of spatial and temporal trends
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16109439
https://search.proquest.com/docview/17204945
https://search.proquest.com/docview/29167972
Volume 351
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3dS-QwEB_84EAQ8fb0bj1P8-BrtR9p0_i2iLJ3iz4cJ_pWkiaBPc52casgiH-7M017iw-LDz4V2jQMnWTml85vZgCOsihTLstUgANEwOMwDXSYuwAtITovqhfSRs8vr7LxNf91m96uwFmfC0O0ys72e5veWuvuzkn3NU9m0ynl-PJcZlKEaRvOkquwju6IYrXro5-T8dXCIIvcN87juLfxhTc0L5y6qRGePrZnxWNieiV8mZNaBkJbZ3SxDVsdimQjL-hnWLHVAD75vpJPA9g9X6Sv4bBu_84HsOn_0jGffPQFnokAT4quGub7O5VsRs2PqbfwnKnKsDt7X-J3Z9OK3SlKFWR6WjeK1Y4hdmR9dQOUhbKtTtmoYsQKpYgDjZkTYxtloKm6Mlj_WNMScXfg-uL8z9k46PoxBCWXoglMFjsjjUhlmjqhtNYI_mSSIspBEODwYKVcLI1F0GhNyE1E1dpNkiuJKkCtJ7uwVtWV_QbMGJWYUphSaipmWkrrXJQ7m-g8EtryIYS9AoqZL7tR9Hy0v8V_nVETTU4PUGdDOO0VVbxZQQU6h_dfPuxVW-D-oqCJqmz9MC8i6uIjebp8RCwplCXiIXz1a2IhMdWyR8S39xHRvsOGLxdLFJp9WGvuH-wPBEKNPoDV45fooFvudJ38vpm8AtFQC6Y
link.rule.ids 314,780,784,4502,24116,27924,27925,45585,45679
linkProvider Elsevier
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LT9wwEB5REGolhOjy6EIBH3oN5OHEMbcVAi2vPYHELbJjW1oEyYoNlSr1x3cmTlhxWHHoNbGtUWY8_pz5ZgbgVxZlymWZCnCACHgcpoEOcxegJ8TDi-qFtNHzu0k2fuDXj-njCpz3uTBEq-x8v_fprbfunpx2X_N0Np1Sji_PZSZFmLbhLPkF1hANCDTttdHVzXiycMgi943zOO5tnPCB5oVLNzXC09_tXfGEmF4JX3ZILQOh7WF0uQWbHYpkIy_od1ix1QDWfV_JPwPYvVikr-Gwbv_OB7Dh_9Ixn3y0DX-JAE-Krhrm-zuVbEbNj6m38JypyrAX-1rid2fTir0oShVkelo3itWOIXZkfXUDlIWyrc7YqGLECqWIA42ZE2MbZaClujJYz6xpibg78HB5cX8-Drp-DEHJpWgCk8XOSCNSmaZOKK01gj-ZpIhyEAQ4vFgpF0tjETRaE3ITUbV2k-RKogpQ68kurFZ1ZX8AM0YlphSmlJqKmZbSOhflziY6j4S2fAhhr4Bi5stuFD0f7al41xk10eT0AnU2hLNeUcUHCyrwcPh88nGv2gL3FwVNVGXrt3kRURcfydPlI2JJoSwRD2HP28RCYqplj4hv_39EO4av4_u72-L2anJzAN986Vii0_yE1eb1zR4iKGr0UWf0_wAD8wwA
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Persistent+organic+pollutants+and+mercury+in+marine+biota+of+the+Canadian+Arctic%3A+An+overview+of+spatial+and+temporal+trends&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.au=Braune%2C+B.M.&rft.au=Outridge%2C+P.M.&rft.au=Fisk%2C+A.T.&rft.au=Muir%2C+D.C.G.&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.issn=0048-9697&rft.volume=351-352&rft.spage=4&rft.epage=56&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2004.10.034&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_scitotenv_2004_10_034
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0048-9697&client=summon