N6-methyladenine-mediated aberrant activation of the lncRNA SOX2OT-GLI1 loop promotes non-small-cell lung cancer stemness

• Published in: Cell death discovery Vol. 9; no. 1; p. 149
• Main Authors: Dong, Hongliang, Zeng, Lili, Chen, Weiwei, Zhang, Qian, Wang, Fei, Wu, Yan, Cui, Bingjie, Qi, Jingjing, Zhang, Xin, Liu, Cuilan, Deng, Jiong, Yu, Yong, Schmitt, Clemens A, Du, Jing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Springer Nature B.V 06.05.2023; Nature Publishing Group UK; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: Cell proliferation; Chemotherapy; Drug resistance; Hedgehog protein; Immunotherapy; Lung cancer; Molecular modelling; mRNA; N6-methyladenosine; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; Precision medicine; Therapeutic targets; Tumorigenesis
• ISSN: 2058-7716; 2058-7716
• DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01442-w

Despite the advent of precision medicine and immunotherapy, mortality due to lung cancer remains high. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) cascade and its key terminal factor, glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1), play a pivotal role in the stemness and drug resistance of lung cancer. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of non-canonical aberrant GLI1 upregulation. The SHH cascade was upregulated in stem spheres and chemo-resistant lung cancer cells and was accountable for drug resistance against multiple chemotherapy regimens. GLI1 and the long non-coding RNA SOX2OT were positively regulated, and the GLI1-SOX2OT loop mediated the proliferation of parental and stem-like lung cancer cells. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that SOX2OT facilitated METTL3/14/IGF2BP2-mediated m6A modification and stabilization of the GLI1 mRNA. Additionally, SOX2OT upregulated METTL3/14/IGF2BP2 by sponging miR-186-5p. Functional analysis corroborated that GLI1 acted as a downstream target of METTL3/14/IGF2BP2, and GLI1 silencing could block the oncogenicity of lung cancer stem-like cells. Pharmacological inhibition of the loop remarkably inhibited the oncogenesis of lung cancer cells in vivo. Compared with paired adjacent normal tissues, lung cancer specimens exhibited consistently upregulated GLI1/SOX2OT/METTL3/14/IGF2BP2. The m6A-modified GLI1-SOX2OT loop may serve as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic predictor for lung cancer therapy and diagnosis in the clinic.