Environmental microplastic and nanoplastic: Exposure routes and effects on coagulation and the cardiovascular system
Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial s...
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| Published in | Environmental pollution (1987) Vol. 291; p. 118190 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
15.12.2021
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure.
[Display omitted]
•Absorption and effects of modified microplastics (MP) are not well studied.•Microplastics in circulation can affect thrombosis through size dependent pathways.•Chemical modifications influence MP effects on platelet aggregation and hemolysis.•More studies using modified microplastics in long-term low doses are needed. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure.Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure. Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure. Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure. Plastic pollution has been a growing concern in recent decades due to the proliferation and ease of manufacturing of single use plastic products and inadequate waste and recycling management. Microplastic, and even smaller nanoplastic, particles are persistent pollutants in aquatic and terrestrial systems and are the subject of active and urgent research. This review will explore the current research on how exposure to plastic particles occurs and the risks associated from different exposure routes: ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. The effects of microplastics on the cardiovascular system are of particular importance due to its sensitivity and ability to transport particles to other organ systems. The effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the heart, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation will all be explored with focus on how the particle characteristics modulate their effect. Plastic particle interactions are highly dependent on both their size and their surface chemistry and interesting research is being done with the interaction of particle characteristics and effect on thrombosis and the cardiovascular system. There is significant uncertainty surrounding some of the findings in this field as research in this area is still maturing. There are undoubtedly more physiological consequences than we are currently aware of resulting from environmental plastic exposure and more studies need to be conducted to reveal the full extent of pathologies caused by the various routes of microplastic exposure, with particular emphasis on longitudinal exposure effects. Further research will allow us to recognize the full extent of physiological impact and begin developing viable solutions to reduce plastic pollution and potentially design interventions to mitigate in-vivo plastic effects following significant or prolonged exposure. [Display omitted] •Absorption and effects of modified microplastics (MP) are not well studied.•Microplastics in circulation can affect thrombosis through size dependent pathways.•Chemical modifications influence MP effects on platelet aggregation and hemolysis.•More studies using modified microplastics in long-term low doses are needed. |
| ArticleNumber | 118190 |
| Author | Lett, Zachary Skidmore, Shelby Hall, Abigail Alves, Nathan J. |
| AuthorAffiliation | b Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America a Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: a Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America – name: b Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zachary orcidid: 0000-0003-4909-1620 surname: Lett fullname: Lett, Zachary organization: Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Abigail orcidid: 0000-0002-4741-373X surname: Hall fullname: Hall, Abigail organization: Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Shelby surname: Skidmore fullname: Skidmore, Shelby organization: Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Nathan J. orcidid: 0000-0003-3816-5137 surname: Alves fullname: Alves, Nathan J. email: nalves@iu.edu organization: Emergency Medicine Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34563850$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Environmental exposure Platelet aggregation Microplastic Polystyrene Cardiovascular health |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally to this work. Zachary Lett: Writing- Original Draft, Abigail Hall: Writing- Original Draft, Shelby Skidmore: Resources, Nathan J Alves: Writing- Review & Editing, Supervision |
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| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2021 text: 2021-12-15 day: 15 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
| PublicationTitle | Environmental pollution (1987) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Environ Pollut |
| PublicationYear | 2021 |
| Publisher | Elsevier Ltd |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier Ltd |
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| SubjectTerms | Cardiovascular health Cardiovascular System chemistry coagulation dermal exposure Environmental exposure Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollutants heart Microplastic Microplastics nanoplastics Plastics Platelet aggregation pollution Polystyrene thrombosis uncertainty wastes Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis |
| Title | Environmental microplastic and nanoplastic: Exposure routes and effects on coagulation and the cardiovascular system |
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