Differences in Trunk Acceleration-Derived Gait Indexes in Stroke Subjects with and without Stroke-Induced Immunosuppression

Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods:...

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Published inSensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 24; no. 18; p. 6012
Main Authors Martinis, Luca, Castiglia, Stefano Filippo, Vaghi, Gloria, Morotti, Andrea, Grillo, Valentina, Corrado, Michele, Bighiani, Federico, Cammarota, Francescantonio, Antoniazzi, Alessandro, Correale, Luca, Liberali, Giulia, Piella, Elisa Maria, Trabassi, Dante, Serrao, Mariano, Tassorelli, Cristina, De Icco, Roberto
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.09.2024
MDPI
Subjects
Acceleration
Aged
Asymmetry
Ataxia
Care and treatment
Consent
Disease
Female
Gait
Gait - physiology
Gait Analysis - methods
Hospitals
Humans
Immune system
Immunocompetence
Immunosuppression
Immunosuppression Therapy
Male
Medical history
Methods
Middle Aged
movement analysis
neurological disability
Patient outcomes
physiotherapy
Rehabilitation
Software
Stroke (Disease)
Stroke - physiopathology
Stroke Rehabilitation - methods
Time series
Torso - physiopathology
Walking
Italy
neurological disability
movement analysis
physiotherapy
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Abstract Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods: Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov’s exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results: Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups (p < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects (p < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects (p = 0.04). Conclusions: SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.
AbstractList : Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. : Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov's exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. : Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups ( < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects ( < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes ( ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects ( = 0.04). : SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.
Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods: Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov’s exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results: Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups (p < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects (p < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects (p = 0.04). Conclusions: SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.
Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods: Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov's exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results: Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups (p < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects (p < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects (p = 0.04). Conclusions: SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods: Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov's exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results: Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups (p < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects (p < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects (p = 0.04). Conclusions: SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.
Background : Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. Methods : Forty-six stroke patients (65.4 ± 15.8 years, 28 males) and 42 healthy subjects (HS), matched for age, sex, and gait speed, underwent gait analysis using an inertial measurement unit at the lumbar level. Stroke patients were divided into two groups: (i) the SII group was defined using a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5, and (ii) the immunocompetent (IC) group. Harmonic ratio (HR) and short-term largest Lyapunov’s exponent (sLLE) were calculated as measures of gait symmetry and stability, respectively. Results : Out of 46 patients, 14 (30.4%) had SII. HR was higher in HS when compared to SII and IC groups ( p < 0.01). HR values were lower in SII when compared to IC subjects ( p < 0.01). sLLE was lower in HS when compared to SII and IC groups in the vertical and medio-lateral planes ( p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). sLLE in the medio-lateral plane was higher in SII when compared to IC subjects ( p = 0.04). Conclusions : SII individuals are characterized by a pronounced asymmetric gait and a more impaired dynamic gait stability. Our findings underline the importance of devising tailored rehabilitation programs in patients with SII. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes and the role of other clinical features on gait pattern.
Audience Academic
Author Martinis, Luca
Liberali, Giulia
Trabassi, Dante
Corrado, Michele
Bighiani, Federico
Antoniazzi, Alessandro
Piella, Elisa Maria
Castiglia, Stefano Filippo
Morotti, Andrea
Grillo, Valentina
Cammarota, Francescantonio
Vaghi, Gloria
Correale, Luca
Tassorelli, Cristina
De Icco, Roberto
Serrao, Mariano
AuthorAffiliation 7 Sports Science Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy giulia.liberali@unipv.it (G.L.)
3 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; stefanofilippo.castiglia@uniroma1.it (S.F.C.)
1 Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; luca.martinis@mondino.it (L.M.); gloria.vaghi@mondino.it (G.V.); federico.bighiani@mondino.it (F.B.); elisa.piella@edu.unito.it (E.M.P.)
4 Movement Analysis Laboratory, Policlinico Italia, 00162 Rome, Italy
6 Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, 25121 Brescia, Italy
2 Movement Analysis Research Section, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
5 Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
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– name: 1 Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; luca.martinis@mondino.it (L.M.); gloria.vaghi@mondino.it (G.V.); federico.bighiani@mondino.it (F.B.); elisa.piella@edu.unito.it (E.M.P.)
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Issue 18
Keywords neurological disability
movement analysis
physiotherapy
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
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SSID ssj0023338
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Snippet Background: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge...
: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a...
Background : Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge...
Background : Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge...
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SubjectTerms Acceleration
Aged
Asymmetry
Ataxia
Care and treatment
Consent
Disease
Female
Gait
Gait - physiology
Gait Analysis - methods
Hospitals
Humans
Immune system
Immunocompetence
Immunosuppression
Immunosuppression Therapy
Male
Medical history
Methods
Middle Aged
movement analysis
neurological disability
Patient outcomes
physiotherapy
Rehabilitation
Software
Stroke (Disease)
Stroke - physiopathology
Stroke Rehabilitation - methods
Time series
Torso - physiopathology
Walking
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Title Differences in Trunk Acceleration-Derived Gait Indexes in Stroke Subjects with and without Stroke-Induced Immunosuppression
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39338758
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3110691766
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3110912224
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11435490
https://doaj.org/article/0990f59c3f384918a0252fd0d8a11c51
Volume 24
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