Reproducibility of Cutaneous Vascular Conductance Responses to Slow Local Heating Assessed Using seven-Laser Array Probes
Objective Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO‐mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility. Methods Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser...
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| Published in | Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. 1994) Vol. 22; no. 4; pp. 276 - 284 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.05.2015
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1073-9688 1549-8719 1549-8719 |
| DOI | 10.1111/micc.12196 |
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| Abstract | Objective
Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO‐mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility.
Methods
Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between‐site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24–72 hours (between‐day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33–42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax).
Results
Between‐day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22–30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9–19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14–17%. Between‐day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%).
Conclusion
Day‐to‐day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler‐derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site‐to‐site variation is minimized. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Objective
Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO‐mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility.
Methods
Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between‐site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24–72 hours (between‐day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33–42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax).
Results
Between‐day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22–30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9–19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14–17%. Between‐day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%).
Conclusion
Day‐to‐day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler‐derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site‐to‐site variation is minimized. Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility.OBJECTIVEGradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility.Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between-site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24-72 hours (between-day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33-42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax ).METHODSHealthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between-site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24-72 hours (between-day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33-42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax ).Between-day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22-30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9-19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14-17%. Between-day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%).RESULTSBetween-day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22-30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9-19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14-17%. Between-day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%).Day-to-day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler-derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site-to-site variation is minimized.CONCLUSIONDay-to-day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler-derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site-to-site variation is minimized. Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility. Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between-site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24-72 hours (between-day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33-42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax ). Between-day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22-30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9-19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14-17%. Between-day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%). Day-to-day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler-derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site-to-site variation is minimized. Objective Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because little is known about its reproducibility. Methods Healthy volunteers (n = 9) reported twice to the laboratory. CVC, derived from laser Doppler flux and mean arterial pressure, was examined in response to a standardized local heating protocol (0.5°C per 150 second from 33°C to 42°C, followed by 20 minutes at 44°C). Skin responses were examined at two locations on the forearm (between-site). Heating was repeated after a break of 24-72 hours (between-day). Reproducibility of skin responses at 33-42°C is presented for absolute CVC and relative CVC responses corrected for maximal CVC at 44°C (%CVCmax). Results Between-day reproducibility of baseline CVC and %CVCmax for both sites was relatively poor (22-30%). At 42°C, CVC and %CVCmax responses showed less variation (9-19%), whilst absolute CVC responses at 44°C were 14-17%. Between-day variation for %CVCmax increased when using data from site 1 on day 1, but site 2 on the subsequent day (25%). Conclusion Day-to-day reproducibility of baseline laser Doppler-derived skin perfusion responses is poor, but acceptable when absolute and relative skin perfusion to a local gradual heating protocol is utilized and site-to-site variation is minimized. |
| Author | Atkinson, Ceri L. Meeuwis, Iris H.M. Kerstens, Floor G. Dawson, Ellen A. Green, Daniel J. Low, David A. Thijssen, Dick H.J. Cable, Nigel Timothy |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ellen A. surname: Dawson fullname: Dawson, Ellen A. organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: David A. surname: Low fullname: Low, David A. organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: Iris H.M. surname: Meeuwis fullname: Meeuwis, Iris H.M. organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: Floor G. surname: Kerstens fullname: Kerstens, Floor G. organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Ceri L. surname: Atkinson fullname: Atkinson, Ceri L. organization: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Crawley, Australia – sequence: 6 givenname: Nigel Timothy surname: Cable fullname: Cable, Nigel Timothy organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 7 givenname: Daniel J. surname: Green fullname: Green, Daniel J. organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK – sequence: 8 givenname: Dick H.J. surname: Thijssen fullname: Thijssen, Dick H.J. email: d.thijssen@ljmu.ac.uk organization: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK |
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Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO‐mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited... Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited because... Objective Gradual local heating of the skin induces a largely NO-mediated vasodilatation. However, use of this assessment of microvascular health is limited... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult endothelial function Female Hot Temperature Humans local heating Male Microcirculation microvasculature nitric oxide Nitric Oxide - metabolism Reproducibility of Results Skin - blood supply Skin - metabolism skin microcirculation Vasodilation |
| Title | Reproducibility of Cutaneous Vascular Conductance Responses to Slow Local Heating Assessed Using seven-Laser Array Probes |
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