Expectations and reality: perceptions of support among African American breast cancer survivors
Objective: The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis, treatment, to long-term survivorship, so too will their needs for social support. We applied a transitions theory framework to explore h...
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Published in | Ethnicity & health Vol. 24; no. 7; pp. 737 - 753 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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England
Taylor & Francis
03.10.2019
Taylor & Francis Ltd |
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Abstract | Objective: The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis, treatment, to long-term survivorship, so too will their needs for social support. We applied a transitions theory framework to explore how African American women with breast cancer conceptualized and experienced support along their breast cancer journey.
Design: We recruited 16 African American women with breast cancer from a regional cancer center in South Carolina to complete qualitative, semi-structured interviews. We iteratively examined verbatim transcripts using thematic analysis.
Results: Three core themes emerged: 'I guess she was supposed to': When support meets patient expectations; 'I wasn't expecting that and that just made me feel so good': When reality exceeds expectations; and 'Don't try to make an invalid out of me': When support given wasn't what was desired. Survivors shared how their family, friends and clergy met their needs for emotional (e.g. prayer, sharing affirmations about God) and instrumental support (e.g. cooking meals, house cleaning). They emphasized how receiving emotional support from their healthcare providers was a pleasant surprise. However, survivors also described unexpected disappointments when family members offered support that was un-needed or un-desired.
Conclusions: Applying transitions theory, we found that social support is a process of bidirectional negotiation where African American women with breast cancer perceive support as helpful and acceptable depending on who offers support, what type of support is offered, and when it is offered. Members of their social support network (e.g. family, friends, providers) should periodically assess the survivor's evolving needs to ensure the social support harmonizes with the needs and expectations of the survivor. |
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AbstractList | The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis, treatment, to long-term survivorship, so too will their needs for social support. We applied a transitions theory framework to explore how African American women with breast cancer conceptualized and experienced support along their breast cancer journey.
We recruited 16 African American women with breast cancer from a regional cancer center in South Carolina to complete qualitative, semi-structured interviews. We iteratively examined verbatim transcripts using thematic analysis.
Three core themes emerged: 'I guess she was supposed to': When support meets patient expectations; 'I wasn't expecting that and that just made me feel so good': When reality exceeds expectations; and 'Don't try to make an invalid out of me': When support given wasn't what was desired. Survivors shared how their family, friends and clergy met their needs for emotional (e.g. prayer, sharing affirmations about God) and instrumental support (e.g. cooking meals, house cleaning). They emphasized how receiving emotional support from their healthcare providers was a pleasant surprise. However, survivors also described unexpected disappointments when family members offered support that was un-needed or un-desired.
: Applying transitions theory, we found that social support is a process of
where African American women with breast cancer perceive support as helpful and acceptable depending on
offers support,
type of support is offered, and
it is offered. Members of their social support network (e.g. family, friends, providers) should periodically assess the survivor's evolving needs to ensure the social support harmonizes with the needs and expectations of the survivor. Objective: The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis, treatment, to long-term survivorship, so too will their needs for social support. We applied a transitions theory framework to explore how African American women with breast cancer conceptualized and experienced support along their breast cancer journey.Design: We recruited 16 African American women with breast cancer from a regional cancer center in South Carolina to complete qualitative, semi-structured interviews. We iteratively examined verbatim transcripts using thematic analysis.Results: Three core themes emerged: 'I guess she was supposed to': When support meets patient expectations; 'I wasn't expecting that and that just made me feel so good': When reality exceeds expectations; and 'Don't try to make an invalid out of me': When support given wasn't what was desired. Survivors shared how their family, friends and clergy met their needs for emotional (e.g. prayer, sharing affirmations about God) and instrumental support (e.g. cooking meals, house cleaning). They emphasized how receiving emotional support from their healthcare providers was a pleasant surprise. However, survivors also described unexpected disappointments when family members offered support that was un-needed or un-desired.Conclusions: Applying transitions theory, we found that social support is a process of bidirectional negotiation where African American women with breast cancer perceive support as helpful and acceptable depending on who offers support, what type of support is offered, and when it is offered. Members of their social support network (e.g. family, friends, providers) should periodically assess the survivor's evolving needs to ensure the social support harmonizes with the needs and expectations of the survivor. Objective: The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis, treatment, to long-term survivorship, so too will their needs for social support. We applied a transitions theory framework to explore how African American women with breast cancer conceptualized and experienced support along their breast cancer journey. Design: We recruited 16 African American women with breast cancer from a regional cancer center in South Carolina to complete qualitative, semi-structured interviews. We iteratively examined verbatim transcripts using thematic analysis. Results: Three core themes emerged: 'I guess she was supposed to': When support meets patient expectations; 'I wasn't expecting that and that just made me feel so good': When reality exceeds expectations; and 'Don't try to make an invalid out of me': When support given wasn't what was desired. Survivors shared how their family, friends and clergy met their needs for emotional (e.g. prayer, sharing affirmations about God) and instrumental support (e.g. cooking meals, house cleaning). They emphasized how receiving emotional support from their healthcare providers was a pleasant surprise. However, survivors also described unexpected disappointments when family members offered support that was un-needed or un-desired. Conclusions: Applying transitions theory, we found that social support is a process of bidirectional negotiation where African American women with breast cancer perceive support as helpful and acceptable depending on who offers support, what type of support is offered, and when it is offered. Members of their social support network (e.g. family, friends, providers) should periodically assess the survivor's evolving needs to ensure the social support harmonizes with the needs and expectations of the survivor. |
Author | Felder, Tisha M. Phelps, Kenneth W. Parker, Pearman D. Quinn, Jada C. Estrada, Robin Dawson Heiney, Sue P. |
AuthorAffiliation | 6 Doctoral Nursing Student, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 619, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 1 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 620, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Phone: 803-777-9830 3 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 623, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Phone: 803-576-6021 4 Assistant Professor, South University, 9 Science Court, Columbia, SC 29203 2 Core Faculty, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 5 Associate Clinical Professor, Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 15 Medical Park, Suite 141, Columbia, SC 29203; Phone: 803-434-422 7 Research Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 617, Columbia, Sou |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 620, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Phone: 803-777-9830 – name: 3 Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 623, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Phone: 803-576-6021 – name: 2 Core Faculty, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 – name: 5 Associate Clinical Professor, Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, 15 Medical Park, Suite 141, Columbia, SC 29203; Phone: 803-434-422 – name: 7 Research Professor, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 617, Columbia, South Carolina 29208; Phone: 803-777-8214 – name: 4 Assistant Professor, South University, 9 Science Court, Columbia, SC 29203 – name: 6 Doctoral Nursing Student, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Greene Street, Room 619, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tisha M. orcidid: 0000-0001-5693-7749 surname: Felder fullname: Felder, Tisha M. email: FELDERT@mailbox.sc.edu organization: Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina – sequence: 2 givenname: Robin Dawson surname: Estrada fullname: Estrada, Robin Dawson organization: College of Nursing, University of South Carolina – sequence: 3 givenname: Jada C. surname: Quinn fullname: Quinn, Jada C. organization: College of Nursing and Public Health, South University – sequence: 4 givenname: Kenneth W. surname: Phelps fullname: Phelps, Kenneth W. organization: Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina – sequence: 5 givenname: Pearman D. surname: Parker fullname: Parker, Pearman D. organization: College of Nursing, University of South Carolina – sequence: 6 givenname: Sue P. surname: Heiney fullname: Heiney, Sue P. organization: College of Nursing, University of South Carolina |
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Snippet | Objective: The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through... The experience of an illness such as breast cancer is not a static event. Just as physiological needs change as a patient transitions through diagnosis,... |
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SubjectTerms | African Americans Bidirectionality Breast cancer Cancer Cleaning Clergy Cooking Emotional support Emotions Families & family life Food preparation Friendship God Health care Health care industry Health services Illnesses Meals Medical diagnosis Needs assessment nursing Qualitative analysis Qualitative research Relatives Social interactions Social organization Social support Support networks Survival Survivor Women |
Title | Expectations and reality: perceptions of support among African American breast cancer survivors |
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