TCR-based cellular immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: advances, challenges, and prospects

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic ap...

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Published in	Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII Vol. 74; no. 8; pp. 257 - 21
Main Authors	Zeng, Wanting, Zhu, Wei, Yuan, Guosheng, Chen, Jinzhang, Wang, Zhanhui, Hou, Jinlin, Jiang, De-Ke
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.07.2025 Springer Nature B.V Springer
Subjects	Ablation Adoptive cellular therapy Animals Antigens Cancer Research Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - epidemiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - immunology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy Cell therapy Cellular immunotherapy Chemoembolization Clinical medicine Clinical trials Epidemiology Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Hepatocellular carcinoma Humans Immunology Immunotherapy Immunotherapy - methods Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods Kinases Liver cancer Liver Neoplasms - epidemiology Liver Neoplasms - immunology Liver Neoplasms - therapy Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Medical prognosis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mortality Oncology Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - immunology Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - metabolism Review T cell receptors T-cell T-cell receptor T-Lymphocytes - immunology Transplants & implants Tumors Asia China T-cell receptor Hepatocellular carcinoma Cellular immunotherapy T-cell Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Adoptive cellular therapy
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Abstract	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights into future research directions and development prospects. In summary, this review comprehensively examines the research progress on TCR-T therapy for HCC from the perspective of antigen targeting. Although several challenges remain to be addressed, we believe that TCR-T therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of HCC.
AbstractList	Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights into future research directions and development prospects. In summary, this review comprehensively examines the research progress on TCR-T therapy for HCC from the perspective of antigen targeting. Although several challenges remain to be addressed, we believe that TCR-T therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of HCC. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights into future research directions and development prospects. In summary, this review comprehensively examines the research progress on TCR-T therapy for HCC from the perspective of antigen targeting. Although several challenges remain to be addressed, we believe that TCR-T therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of HCC.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights into future research directions and development prospects. In summary, this review comprehensively examines the research progress on TCR-T therapy for HCC from the perspective of antigen targeting. Although several challenges remain to be addressed, we believe that TCR-T therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of HCC. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, T-cell receptor (TCR)-T therapy has garnered increasing attention as a promising therapeutic approach. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology of HCC, evaluates the efficacy of current first-line treatment options, and introduces adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), with a specific focus on TCR-T therapy. Notably, we categorize existing TCR-T research targeting different antigens for the treatment of HCC, covering both published literature and registered clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of current TCR-T research and applications, while offering insights into future research directions and development prospects. In summary, this review comprehensively examines the research progress on TCR-T therapy for HCC from the perspective of antigen targeting. Although several challenges remain to be addressed, we believe that TCR-T therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of HCC.
ArticleNumber	257
Author	Jiang, De-Ke Zeng, Wanting Zhu, Wei Hou, Jinlin Chen, Jinzhang Wang, Zhanhui Yuan, Guosheng
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Keywords	T-cell receptor Hepatocellular carcinoma Cellular immunotherapy T-cell Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Adoptive cellular therapy
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Snippet	Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to achieve... Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. However, current frontline treatment modalities fail to...
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SubjectTerms	Ablation Adoptive cellular therapy Animals Antigens Cancer Research Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - epidemiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - immunology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy Cell therapy Cellular immunotherapy Chemoembolization Clinical medicine Clinical trials Epidemiology Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Hepatocellular carcinoma Humans Immunology Immunotherapy Immunotherapy - methods Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods Kinases Liver cancer Liver Neoplasms - epidemiology Liver Neoplasms - immunology Liver Neoplasms - therapy Lymphocytes Lymphocytes T Medical prognosis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mortality Oncology Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - immunology Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - metabolism Review T cell receptors T-cell T-cell receptor T-Lymphocytes - immunology Transplants & implants Tumors
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Title	TCR-based cellular immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: advances, challenges, and prospects
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