Occurrence, fate and ecological risk of chlorinated paraffins in Asia: A review
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), complex mixtures of polychlorinated alkanes, are widely used in various industries and are thus ubiquitous in the receiving environment. The present study comprehensively reviewed the occurrence, fate and ecological risk of CPs in various environmental matrices in Asia....
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| Published in | Environment international Vol. 92-93; pp. 373 - 387 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Netherlands
Elsevier Ltd
01.07.2016
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), complex mixtures of polychlorinated alkanes, are widely used in various industries and are thus ubiquitous in the receiving environment. The present study comprehensively reviewed the occurrence, fate and ecological risk of CPs in various environmental matrices in Asia. Releases from the production and consumption of CPs or CP-containing materials, wastewater discharge and irrigation, sewage sludge application, long-range atmospheric transport and aerial deposition have been found to be most likely sources and transport mechanisms for the dispersion of CPs in various environmental matrices, such as air, water, sediment, soil and biota. CPs can be bioaccumulated in biota and biomagnified through food webs, likely causing toxic ecological effects in organisms and posing health risks to humans. Inhalation, dust ingestion and dietary intake are strongly suggested as the major routes of human exposure. Research gaps are discussed to highlight the perspectives of future research to improve future efforts regarding the analysis of CPs, the environmental occurrence and elimination of CPs, the total environmental pressure, and the risks to organisms and populations.
Geographic locations of studies of chlorinated paraffins in the present review. [Display omitted]
•Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous in various matrices throughout Asia.•CPs are released during production, storage, transport, usage and disposal processes.•CPs may pose risks to organisms and humans due to bioaccumulation/biomagnification.•Humans are mainly exposed to CPs by inhalation, dust ingestion and food intake.•Research gaps are discussed to highlight the perspectives of future studies. |
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| AbstractList | Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), complex mixtures of polychlorinated alkanes, are widely used in various industries and are thus ubiquitous in the receiving environment. The present study comprehensively reviewed the occurrence, fate and ecological risk of CPs in various environmental matrices in Asia. Releases from the production and consumption of CPs or CP-containing materials, wastewater discharge and irrigation, sewage sludge application, long-range atmospheric transport and aerial deposition have been found to be most likely sources and transport mechanisms for the dispersion of CPs in various environmental matrices, such as air, water, sediment, soil and biota. CPs can be bioaccumulated in biota and biomagnified through food webs, likely causing toxic ecological effects in organisms and posing health risks to humans. Inhalation, dust ingestion and dietary intake are strongly suggested as the major routes of human exposure. Research gaps are discussed to highlight the perspectives of future research to improve future efforts regarding the analysis of CPs, the environmental occurrence and elimination of CPs, the total environmental pressure, and the risks to organisms and populations. Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), complex mixtures of polychlorinated alkanes, are widely used in various industries and are thus ubiquitous in the receiving environment. The present study comprehensively reviewed the occurrence, fate and ecological risk of CPs in various environmental matrices in Asia. Releases from the production and consumption of CPs or CP-containing materials, wastewater discharge and irrigation, sewage sludge application, long-range atmospheric transport and aerial deposition have been found to be most likely sources and transport mechanisms for the dispersion of CPs in various environmental matrices, such as air, water, sediment, soil and biota. CPs can be bioaccumulated in biota and biomagnified through food webs, likely causing toxic ecological effects in organisms and posing health risks to humans. Inhalation, dust ingestion and dietary intake are strongly suggested as the major routes of human exposure. Research gaps are discussed to highlight the perspectives of future research to improve future efforts regarding the analysis of CPs, the environmental occurrence and elimination of CPs, the total environmental pressure, and the risks to organisms and populations. Geographic locations of studies of chlorinated paraffins in the present review. [Display omitted] •Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous in various matrices throughout Asia.•CPs are released during production, storage, transport, usage and disposal processes.•CPs may pose risks to organisms and humans due to bioaccumulation/biomagnification.•Humans are mainly exposed to CPs by inhalation, dust ingestion and food intake.•Research gaps are discussed to highlight the perspectives of future studies. |
| Author | Huang, Qiu-Xin Liao, Yi-Shan Xie, Zhen-Yue Zhang, Si-Yi Liang, Xiao-Liang Zhuo, Mu-Ning Guo, Tai-Long Yuan, Zai-Jian Wei, Gao-Ling Li, Ding-Qiang |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gao-Ling surname: Wei fullname: Wei, Gao-Ling organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Xiao-Liang surname: Liang fullname: Liang, Xiao-Liang organization: CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Ding-Qiang surname: Li fullname: Li, Ding-Qiang email: lidq@gzb.ac.cn organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Mu-Ning surname: Zhuo fullname: Zhuo, Mu-Ning organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Si-Yi surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Si-Yi organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Qiu-Xin surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Qiu-Xin organization: CEPREI Environmental Assessment and Monitoring Center, The 5th Electronics Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Guangzhou 510610, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Yi-Shan surname: Liao fullname: Liao, Yi-Shan organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Zhen-Yue surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Zhen-Yue organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Tai-Long surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Tai-Long organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Zai-Jian surname: Yuan fullname: Yuan, Zai-Jian organization: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27132163$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), complex mixtures of polychlorinated alkanes, are widely used in various industries and are thus ubiquitous in the receiving... |
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| SubjectTerms | air alkanes Asia breathing Chlorinated paraffins dust Environment environmental impact Environmental Monitoring Environmental Pollutants - chemistry Environmental Pollutants - toxicity Fate food intake food webs Human exposure Humans industry ingestion irrigation Long-range atmospheric transport Occurrence Paraffin - chemistry Paraffin - toxicity risk Risk Factors sediments Sewage sewage sludge Soil Toxicity Waste Water wastewater |
| Title | Occurrence, fate and ecological risk of chlorinated paraffins in Asia: A review |
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