A call to arms at the end of history: a discourse—historical analysis of George W. Bush's declaration of war on terror
In this article we take a discourse-historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush's (2001) declaration of a 'war on terror'. We present four exemplary 'call to arms' speeches by Pope Urban II (1095), Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) and Ge...
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Published in | Discourse & society Vol. 15; no. 2/3; pp. 199 - 221 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
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SAGE Publications
01.03.2004
Sage Publications Ltd |
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Abstract | In this article we take a discourse-historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush's (2001) declaration of a 'war on terror'. We present four exemplary 'call to arms' speeches by Pope Urban II (1095), Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) and George W. Bush (2001) to exemplify the structure, function, and historical significance of such texts in western societies over the last millennium. We identify four generic features that have endured in such texts throughout this period: (i) an appeal to a legitimate power source that is external to the orator, and which is presented as inherently good; (ii) an appeal to the historical importance of the culture in which the discourse is situated; (iii) the construction of a thoroughly evil Other; and (iv) an appeal for unification behind the legitimating external power source. We argue further that such texts typically appear in historical contexts characterized by deep crises in political legitimacy. |
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AbstractList | In this article we take a discourse-historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush's (2001) declaration of a 'war on terror'. We present four exemplary 'call to arms' speeches by Pope Urban II (1095), Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) & George W. Bush (2001) to exemplify the structure, function, & historical significance of such texts in western societies over the last millennium. We identify four generic features that have endured in such texts throughout this period: (i) an appeal to a legitimate power source that is external to the orator, & which is presented as inherently good; (ii) an appeal to the historical importance of the culture in which the discourse is situated; (iii) the construction of a thoroughly evil Other; & (iv) an appeal for unification behind the legitimating external power source. We argue further that such texts typically appear in historical contexts characterized by deep crises in political legitimacy. 55 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright 2004.] In this article we take a discourse–historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush’s (2001) declaration of a ‘war on terror’. We present four exemplary ‘call to arms’ speeches by Pope Urban II (1095), Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) and George W. Bush (2001) to exemplify the structure, function, and historical significance of such texts in western societies over the last millennium. We identify four generic features that have endured in such texts throughout this period: (i) an appeal to a legitimate power source that is external to the orator, and which is presented as inherently good; (ii) an appeal to the historical importance of the culture in which the discourse is situated; (iii) the construction of a thoroughly evil Other; and (iv) an appeal for unification behind the legitimating external power source. We argue further that such texts typically appear in historical contexts characterized by deep crises in political legitimacy. In this article we take a discourse-historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush's (2001) declaration of a "war on terror". We present four exemplary "call to arms" speeches by Pope Urban II (1095), Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) and George W. Bush (2001) to exemplify the structure, function, and historical significance of such texts in western societies over the last millennium. We identify four generic features that have endured in such texts throughout this period: (i) an appeal to a legitimate power source that is external to the orator, and which is presented as inherently good; (ii) an appeal to the historical importance of the culture in which the discourse is situated; (ill) the construction of a thoroughly evil Other; and (iv) an appeal for unification behind the legitimating external power source. We argue further that such texts typically appear in historical contexts characterized by deep crises in political legitimacy. (Original abstract) In this article we take a discourse-historical approach to illustrate the significance of George W. Bush's (2001) declaration of a 'war on terror'. We present four exemplary 'call to arms' speeches by Pope Urban II (1095). Queen Elizabeth I (1588), Adolf Hitler (1938) and George W. Bush (2001) to exemplify the structure, function, and historical significance of such texts in western societies over the last millennium. We identify four generic features that have endured in such texts throughout this period: (i) an appeal to a legitimate power source that is external to the orator, and which is presented as inherently good; (ii) an appeal to the historical importance of the culture in which the discourse is situated; (iii) the construction of a thoroughly evil Other; and (iv) an appeal for unification behind the legitimating external power source. We argue further that such texts typically appear in historical contexts characterized by deep crises in political legitimacy. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd |
Author | KEENAN, THOMAS GRAHAM, PHIL DOWD, ANNE-MAREE |
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SubjectTerms | Analysis Bush, George W Communication Discourse Discourse Analysis Historical perspectives History Legitimate power Nation states Oratory Particularity Political communication Political discourse Political discourse analysis Politics Presidents Responses Rhetoric Social Dynamics Speech Speeches Terrorism U.S.A War Warfare |
Title | A call to arms at the end of history: a discourse—historical analysis of George W. Bush's declaration of war on terror |
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