Overview on the spatial-temporal characteristics of the ozone formation regime in China
Ozone (O 3 ), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the...
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| Published in | Environmental science--processes & impacts Vol. 21; no. 6; pp. 916 - 929 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
19.06.2019
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Ozone (O
3
), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O
3
has increased substantially in China. O
3
non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O
3
pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial-temporal variations of the relationship between O
3
and its precursors (
i.e.
O
3
formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial-temporal variations of O
3
and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O
3
pollution, followed by implications for the control of O
3
pollution. This literature review indicates that O
3
formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O
3
seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NO
x
-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O
3
formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O
3
formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12
th
Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12
th
Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NO
x
slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O
3
attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O
3
pollution problem, precise control of O
3
precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution.
Ozone (O
3
), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Ozone (O
3
), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO
x
) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O
3
has increased substantially in China. O
3
non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O
3
pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial–temporal variations of the relationship between O
3
and its precursors (
i.e.
O
3
formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial–temporal variations of O
3
and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O
3
pollution, followed by implications for the control of O
3
pollution. This literature review indicates that O
3
formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O
3
seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NO
x
-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O
3
formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O
3
formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12
th
Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12
th
Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NO
x
slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O
3
attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O
3
pollution problem, precise control of O
3
precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. Ozone (O 3 ), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O 3 has increased substantially in China. O 3 non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O 3 pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial-temporal variations of the relationship between O 3 and its precursors ( i.e. O 3 formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial-temporal variations of O 3 and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O 3 pollution, followed by implications for the control of O 3 pollution. This literature review indicates that O 3 formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O 3 seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NO x -limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O 3 formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O 3 formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12 th Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12 th Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NO x slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O 3 attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O 3 pollution problem, precise control of O 3 precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. Ozone (O 3 ), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Ozone (O3), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O3 has increased substantially in China. O3 non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O3 pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial-temporal variations of the relationship between O3 and its precursors (i.e. O3 formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial-temporal variations of O3 and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O3 pollution, followed by implications for the control of O3 pollution. This literature review indicates that O3 formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O3 seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NOx-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O3 formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O3 formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12th Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12th Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NOx slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O3 attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O3 pollution problem, precise control of O3 precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution.Ozone (O3), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O3 has increased substantially in China. O3 non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O3 pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial-temporal variations of the relationship between O3 and its precursors (i.e. O3 formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial-temporal variations of O3 and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O3 pollution, followed by implications for the control of O3 pollution. This literature review indicates that O3 formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O3 seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NOx-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O3 formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O3 formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12th Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12th Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NOx slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O3 attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O3 pollution problem, precise control of O3 precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. Ozone (O₃), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O₃ has increased substantially in China. O₃ non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O₃ pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial–temporal variations of the relationship between O₃ and its precursors (i.e. O₃ formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial–temporal variations of O₃ and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O₃ pollution, followed by implications for the control of O₃ pollution. This literature review indicates that O₃ formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O₃ seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NOₓ-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O₃ formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O₃ formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12ᵗʰ Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12ᵗʰ Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NOₓ slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O₃ attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O₃ pollution problem, precise control of O₃ precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. Ozone (O3), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the past few decades, with the rapid economic development, industrialization and urbanization, the mixing ratio of O3 has increased substantially in China. O3 non-attainment days have been frequently observed. Despite great efforts made in the past few years, it is still difficult to alleviate O3 pollution in China, due to its non-linear relationship with the precursors. In view of the severe situation in China, this study presents a comprehensive review on the spatial-temporal variations of the relationship between O3 and its precursors (i.e. O3 formation regime), built upon the previous reviews of the spatial-temporal variations of O3 and its precursor levels. Valuable findings from previous studies are laid out for a better understanding of O3 pollution, followed by implications for the control of O3 pollution. This literature review indicates that O3 formation in most areas of the North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions is in a VOC-limited regime during the high-O3 seasons due to dramatic emissions from human activities in cities. Outside these metropolitan areas, a NOx-limited regime dominates rural/remote areas. From summer to winter, the O3 formation regime over China shows a tendency to shift to a VOC-limited regime. Furthermore, O3 formation in China shifted toward increasing sensitivity to VOC emissions before the 12th Five-Year-Plan. However, after the 12th Five-Year-Plan, successful reduction of NOx slowed down this trend. Further effective control of VOCs is expected to achieve sustained O3 attainment in the future. To timely solve the current O3 pollution problem, precise control of O3 precursors is proposed, together with the joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. |
| Author | Guo, Hai Cheng, Hairong Lyu, Xiaopu Ling, Zhenhao Lu, Haoxian |
| AuthorAffiliation | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Air Quality Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Sun Yat-sen University Wuhan University School of Resource and Environmental Sciences School of Atmospheric Sciences |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – sequence: 0 name: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences – sequence: 0 name: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University – sequence: 0 name: School of Atmospheric Sciences – sequence: 0 name: Air Quality Studies – sequence: 0 name: Wuhan University – sequence: 0 name: Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 0 name: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Haoxian surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Haoxian – sequence: 2 givenname: Xiaopu surname: Lyu fullname: Lyu, Xiaopu – sequence: 3 givenname: Hairong surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Hairong – sequence: 4 givenname: Zhenhao surname: Ling fullname: Ling, Zhenhao – sequence: 5 givenname: Hai surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Hai |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31089656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Notes | Prof. Hai Guo is a professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. He received his B.Sc. degree in physical chemistry from Wuhan University, M.Sc. degree in environmental chemistry from Wuhan University, and Ph.D. degree in air quality research from Murdoch University, Australia. Prof. Guo's research interests include atmospheric chemistry, regional photochemical pollution, acidic ultrafine particles and organic aerosols. He has published more than 120 papers in high-quality international journals, and his current SCI h-index is 34. He is Editor of "Aerosol and Air Quality Research", and Editorial Board member of "Atmospheric Environment" and "Atmosphere". ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 |
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| PublicationTitle | Environmental science--processes & impacts |
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| PublicationYear | 2019 |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
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)... Ozone (O3), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and... Ozone (O₃), a main component in photochemical smog, is a secondary pollutant formed through complex photochemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) and... |
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| Title | Overview on the spatial-temporal characteristics of the ozone formation regime in China |
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