Synergistic pathogenesis of chicken infectious anemia virus and J subgroup of avian leukosis virus

• Published in: Poultry science Vol. 100; no. 11; p. 101468
• Main Authors: Zhang, Jun, Ma, Li, Li, Tuofan, Li, Luyuan, Kan, Qiuqi, Yao, Xiaohui, Xie, Quan, Wan, Zhimin, Shao, Hongxia, Qin, Aijian, Ye, Jianqiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.11.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: chicken infectious anemia virus; co-infection; IMMUNOLOGY, HEALTH AND DISEASE; immunosuppression; subgroup J avian leukosis virus; synergistic pathogenesis; immunosuppression; co-infection; subgroup J avian leukosis virus; chicken infectious anemia virus; synergistic pathogenesis
• ISSN: 0032-5791; 1525-3171
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101468

As important immunosuppressive viruses, chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) and subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) have caused huge economic losses to the poultry industry globally. Recently, the co-infection of CIAV and ALV-J frequently occurred in the domestic chicken flocks in China. However, the synergistic pathogenesis of CIAV and ALV-J has not been fully investigated. Here, a co-infection study was performed to further understand the potential synergistic pathogenesis of CIAV and ALV-J. In vitro study showed that CIAV could promote the replication of ALV-J in HD11 cells, but ALV-J could not increase the replication of CIAV. Chicken infection study showed both CIAV and ALV-J with synergistic effects caused significant body weight loss to the infected chickens. Although ALV-J had no effect on CIAV viral shedding and tissue load, CIAV did significantly increase ALV-J viremia, viral shedding and tissue load in the co-infection group. Moreover, both CIAV and ALV-J could significantly inhibit the humoral immunity to H9N2 influenza virus and serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4). All these data demonstrate the synergistic pathogenesis for the co-infection of CIAV and ALV-J, and highlight the positive effect of CIAV on the pathogenesis of ALV-J.