Genotype B3.13 influenza A(H5N1) viruses isolated from dairy cattle demonstrate high virulence in laboratory models, but retain avian virus-like properties

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 6771 - 12
• Main Authors: Fabrizio, Thomas P., Kandeil, Ahmed, Harrington, Walter N., Jones, Jeremy C., Jeevan, Trushar, Andreev, Konstantin, Seiler, Patrick, Fogo, Jonathan, Davis, Morgan L., Crumpton, Jeri Carol, Franks, John, DeBeauchamp, Jennifer, Vogel, Peter, Daniels, C. Scanlon, Poulson, Rebecca L., Bowman, Andrew S., Govorkova, Elena A., Webby, Richard J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.07.2025; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 13/106; 13/51; 14/63; 45/23; 45/88; 631/326/596/1578; 631/326/596/2555; 631/326/596/2563; 64/60; Animals; Antiviral agents; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; Avian flu; Birds - virology; Cattle; Cow's milk; Dairy cattle; Disease Models, Animal; Epithelial cells; Epithelium; Fatalities; Female; Ferrets - virology; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Glycosylation; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Influenza; Influenza A; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - drug effects; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - isolation & purification; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - pathogenicity; Influenza in Birds - virology; Influenza, Human - transmission; Influenza, Human - virology; Laboratory animals; Mice; Milk; Milk - virology; Mortality; multidisciplinary; Mustela; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - transmission; Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology; Pathogenesis; Poultry; Preferences; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Vaccines; Vigilance; Virulence; Virulence - genetics; Virus Replication; Viruses; Zoonoses; Louisiana; Ghana; Ohio; California; United States > US; Texas

In March 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses were first detected in U.S. dairy cattle. Similar viruses have since caused 70 zoonotic human infections. To assess changes to zoonotic potential, we characterized A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses isolated from cows’ milk...