Amplified Expression Profiling of Platelet Transcriptome Reveals Changes in Arginine Metabolic Pathways in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

Background— In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basall...

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Published inCirculation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 115; no. 12; pp. 1551 - 1562
Main Authors Raghavachari, Nalini, Xu, Xiuli, Harris, Amy, Villagra, Jose, Logun, Carolea, Barb, Jennifer, Solomon, Michael A., Suffredini, Anthony F., Danner, Robert L., Kato, Gregory, Munson, Peter J., Morris, Sidney M., Gladwin, Mark T.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hagerstown, MD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 27.03.2007
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Abstract Background— In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy. Methods and Results— Studies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54 000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by >10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified ≈100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels. Conclusions— The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
AbstractList In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy. Studies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54,000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by >10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified approximately 100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels. The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
Background— In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy. Methods and Results— Studies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54 000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by >10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified ≈100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels. Conclusions— The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy.BACKGROUNDIn sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy.Studies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54,000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by >10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified approximately 100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels.METHODS AND RESULTSStudies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54,000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by >10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified approximately 100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels.The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.CONCLUSIONSThe present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
Author Barb, Jennifer
Morris, Sidney M.
Munson, Peter J.
Danner, Robert L.
Solomon, Michael A.
Kato, Gregory
Villagra, Jose
Suffredini, Anthony F.
Xu, Xiuli
Gladwin, Mark T.
Raghavachari, Nalini
Harris, Amy
Logun, Carolea
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Issue 12
Keywords Human
Hemoglobinopathy
Sickle cell anemia
genes
Cardiovascular disease
enzymes
Hemopathy
Metabolic pathway
Metabolism
platelets
Genetic disease
Polymerase chain reaction
Signal transduction
Platelet
Hemolytic anemia
Arginine
Aminoacid
thrombolysis
Language English
License CC BY 4.0
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Snippet Background— In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by...
In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced...
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StartPage 1551
SubjectTerms Adult
Anemia, Sickle Cell - blood
Arginase - blood
Arginine - blood
Biological and medical sciences
Black People - genetics
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood Platelets - metabolism
Blood vessels and receptors
Cardiology. Vascular system
Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Profiling
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Models, Biological
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Polyamines - blood
Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis
Transcription, Genetic
Vertebrates: cardiovascular system
Title Amplified Expression Profiling of Platelet Transcriptome Reveals Changes in Arginine Metabolic Pathways in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
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