Metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a 1-year double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Aim To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies. Methods One hundred and eighteen subjects recei...
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| Published in | Journal of clinical periodontology Vol. 39; no. 12; pp. 1149 - 1158 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.12.2012
Blackwell |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0303-6979 1600-051X 1600-051X |
| DOI | 10.1111/jcpe.12004 |
Cover
| Abstract | Aim
To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies.
Methods
One hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12‐months post‐therapy.
Results
The two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1‐year post‐treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX: OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75‐47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ: OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26‐23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year.
Conclusion
Treatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ.
View the pubcast on this paper at http://scivee-1.sdsc.edu/node/55261 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Aim To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies. Methods One hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12-months post-therapy. Results The two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1-year post-treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX:OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75-47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ:OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26-23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year. Conclusion Treatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ. View the pubcast on this paper at http://scivee-1.sdsc.edu/node/55261 [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies. One hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12-months post-therapy. The two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1-year post-treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX: OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75-47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ: OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26-23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year. Treatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ. View the pubcast on this paper at http://scivee-1.sdsc.edu/node/55261 Aim To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies. Methods One hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12‐months post‐therapy. Results The two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1‐year post‐treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX: OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75‐47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ: OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26‐23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year. Conclusion Treatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ. View the pubcast on this paper at http://scivee-1.sdsc.edu/node/55261 To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies.AIMTo evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A secondary aim was to examine a possible added effect of chlorhexidine to these therapies.One hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12-months post-therapy.METHODSOne hundred and eighteen subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only or with MTZ [400 mg/thrice a day (TID)] or MTZ+AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Half of the subjects in each group rinsed with 0.12% chlorhexidine twice a day (BID) for 2 months. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 3, 6 and 12-months post-therapy.The two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1-year post-treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX: OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75-47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ: OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26-23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year.RESULTSThe two antibiotic groups showed lower mean number of sites with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm and fewer subjects exhibiting ≥9 of these sites at 1-year post-treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that antibiotics were the only significant predictors of subjects presenting ≤4 sites with PD ≥5 mm at 1 year (MTZ+AMX: OR, 13.33; 95%CI, 3.75-47.39/p = 0.0000; MTZ: OR, 7.26; 95%CI, 2.26-23.30/p = 0.0004). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two antibiotic treatments (p > 0.05). The chlorhexidine subgroups showed a trend (p > 0.05) to present fewer residual sites ≥5 mm compared with the placebo subgroups at 1 year.Treatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ.CONCLUSIONTreatment of generalized ChP is significantly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX and MTZ. |
| Author | Soares, Geisla Mary Silva Faveri, Marcelo Socransky, Sigmund S. Feres, Magda Silva, Maike Paulino Teles, Ricardo Mendes, Juliana Alethusa Velloso Figueiredo, Luciene Cristina |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Magda surname: Feres fullname: Feres, Magda email: Address:, mferes@ung.br organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Geisla Mary Silva surname: Soares fullname: Soares, Geisla Mary Silva organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Juliana Alethusa Velloso surname: Mendes fullname: Mendes, Juliana Alethusa Velloso organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Maike Paulino surname: Silva fullname: Silva, Maike Paulino organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Marcelo surname: Faveri fullname: Faveri, Marcelo organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Ricardo surname: Teles fullname: Teles, Ricardo organization: The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Sigmund S. surname: Socransky fullname: Socransky, Sigmund S. organization: The Forsyth Institute, MA, Cambridge, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Luciene Cristina surname: Figueiredo fullname: Figueiredo, Luciene Cristina organization: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Guarulhos, Brazil |
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| Keywords | Nitro compound Imidazole derivatives scaling and root planing Stomatology β-Lactams chronic periodontitis periodontal treatment Dentistry Penicillin derivatives Tooth root Antiprotozoal agent Antibiotic Antifungal agent Chronic Periodontal disease Treatment Periodontitis Surgery Amoxicillin Parasiticide Clinical trial Metronidazole Antibacterial agent |
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| References | Goodson, J. M., Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S., Kent, R., Teles, R., Hasturk, H., Bogren, A., Van Dyke, T., Wennstrom, J. & Lindhe, L. (2012) Control of periodontal infections: a randomized controlled trial I. The primary outcome attachment gain and pocket depth reduction at treated sites. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 39, 525-536. Loesche, W. J., Schmidt, E., Smith, B. A., Morrison, E. C., Caffesse, R. & Hujoel, P. P. (1991) Effects of metronidazole on periodontal treatment needs. Journal of Periodontology 62, 247-257. Loesche, W. J., Giordano, J. R., Soehren, S. & Kaciroti, N. (2005) The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease: results after 6.4 years. General Dentistry 53, 298-306. Pihlstrom, B. L. & Barnett, M. L. (2010) Design, operation, and interpretation of clinical trials. Journal of Dental Research 89, 759-772. Greenstein, G. (2003) Clinical versus statistical significance as they relate to the efficacy of periodontal therapy. The Journal of the American Dental Association 5, 583-591. Guerrero, A., Griffiths, G. S., Nibali, L., Suvan, J., Moles, D. R., Laurell, L. & Tonetti, M. S. (2005) Adjunctive benefits of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole in non-surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy 32, 1096-1107. Mestnik, M. J., Feres, M., Figueiredo, L. C., Duarte, P. M., Lira, E. A. G. & Faveri, M. (2010) Short-term benefits of the adjunctive use of metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the microbial profile and in clinical parameters of subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 37, 353-365. Armitage, G. C. (1999) Development of a classification system for periodontal disease and conditions. Annals of Periodontology 4, 1-6. Yek, E. C., Cintan, S., Topcuoglu, N., Kulekci, G., Issever, H. & Kantarci, A. (2010) Efficacy of amoxicillin and metronidazole combination for the management of generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 81, 964-974. Ehmke, B., Moter, A., Beikler, T., Milian, E. & Flemmig, T.F. (2005) Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy of periodontitis: long term effects on disease progression and oral colonization. Journal of Periodontology 76, 749-759. Aimetti, M., Romano, F., Guzzi, N. & Carnevale, G. (2012) Full-mouth disinfection and systemic antimicrobial therapy in generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 39, 284-294. Herrera, D., Sanz, M., Jepsen, S., Needleman, I. & Roldan, S. (2002) A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29, 136-159. Loesche, W. J., Syed, S. A., Morrison, E. C., Kerry, G. A., Higgins, T. & Stoll, J. (1984) Metronidazole in periodontitis. I. Clinical and bacteriological results after 15 to 30 weeks. Journal of Periodontology 55, 325-335. Carvalho, L. H., D'Avila, G. B., Leao, A., Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S. & Feres, M. (2004) Scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population. I. clinical results. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 31, 1070-1076. Feres, M., Haffajee, A. D., Allard, K., Som, S. & Socransky, S. S. (2001) Change in subgingival microbial profiles in adult periodontitis subjects receiving either systemically-administered amoxicillin or metronidazole. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 597-609. Rooney, J., Wade, W. G., Sprague, S. V., Newcombe, R. G. & Addy, M. (2002) Adjunctive effects to non-surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin alone and combined. A placebo controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29, 342-350. Cionca, N., Giannopoulou, C., Ugolotti, G. & Mombelli, A. (2009) Amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to full-mouth scaling and root planing of chronic periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 80, 364-371. Feres, M., Gursky, L. C., Faveri, M., Tsuzuki, C.O. & Figueiredo, L. C. (2009) Clinical and microbiological benefits of strict supragingival plaque control as part of the active phase of periodontal therapy. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 36, 857-867. Haffajee, A. D., Torresyap, G. & Socransky, S. S. (2007) Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treatment of chronic periodontitis: 1 year results. Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy 34, 243-253. Loesche, W. J., Schmidt, E., Smith, B. A., Caffessee, R. & Stoll, J. (1987) Metronidazole therapy for periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 22, 224-226. Haffajee, A.D., Arguello, E.I., Ximenez-Fyvie, L.A. & Socransky, S.S. (2003b) Controlling the plaque biofilm. International Dental Journal 53, 191-199. Xajigeorgiou, C., Sakellari, D., Slini, T., Baka, A. & Konstantinidis, A. (2006) Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 33, 254-264. Silva, M. P., Feres, M., Sirotto, T. A., Soares, G. M., Mendes, J. A., Faveri, M. & Figueiredo, L. C. (2011) Clinical and microbiological benefits of metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 38, 828-837. Lang, N. P. & Tonetti, M. S. (2003) Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry 1, 7-16. Matuliene, G., Studer, R., Lang, N. P., Schmidlin, K., Pjetursson, B. E., Salvi, G. E., Brägger, U. & Zwahlen, M. (2010) Significance of periodontal risk assessment in the recurrence of periodontitis and tooth loss. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 37, 191-199. Matuliene, G., Pjetursson, B. E., Salvi, G. E., Schmidlin, K., Bragger, U., Zwahlen, M. & Lang, N. P. (2008) Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35, 685-695. Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S. & Gunsolley, J. C. (2003a) Systemic anti-infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. The American Academy of Periodontology 8, 115-181. Matarazzo, F., Figueiredo, L. C., Cruz, S. E., Faveri, M. & Feres, M. (2008) Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35, 885-896. Sampaio, E., Rocha, M., Figueiredo, L. C., Faveri, M., Duarte, P. M., Gomes Lira, E. A. & Feres, M. (2011) Clinical and microbiological effects of azithromycin in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 38, 838-846. Winkel, E. G., van Winkelhoff, A. J., Timmerman, M. F., van der Velden, U. & van der Weijden, G. A. (2001) Amoxicillin plus metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double-blind placebo controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 296-305. van Winkelhoff, A. J., Rodenburg, J. P., Goené, R. J., Abbas, F., Winkel, E. G. & De Graaff, J. (1989) Metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 16, 128-131. 2010; 37 2009; 80 2006; 33 2008; 35 1999; 4 2012; 39 2001; 28 2010; 81 2003a; 8 2011; 38 2007; 34 2010; 89 2009; 36 1987; 22 2004; 31 2002; 29 2003b; 53 1984; 55 1991; 62 2005; 53 2005; 76 2003; 5 2005; 32 2003; 1 1989; 16 e_1_2_6_32_1 e_1_2_6_10_1 e_1_2_6_31_1 e_1_2_6_30_1 e_1_2_6_19_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_14_1 e_1_2_6_11_1 Lang N. P. (e_1_2_6_16_1) 2003; 1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_18_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_21_1 e_1_2_6_20_1 e_1_2_6_9_1 Loesche W. J. (e_1_2_6_17_1) 2005; 53 e_1_2_6_8_1 e_1_2_6_5_1 e_1_2_6_4_1 e_1_2_6_7_1 e_1_2_6_6_1 e_1_2_6_25_1 e_1_2_6_24_1 e_1_2_6_3_1 e_1_2_6_23_1 e_1_2_6_2_1 e_1_2_6_22_1 e_1_2_6_29_1 e_1_2_6_28_1 e_1_2_6_27_1 e_1_2_6_26_1 23773466 - J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2013 Jun;13(2):52-4 |
| References_xml | – reference: Yek, E. C., Cintan, S., Topcuoglu, N., Kulekci, G., Issever, H. & Kantarci, A. (2010) Efficacy of amoxicillin and metronidazole combination for the management of generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 81, 964-974. – reference: Carvalho, L. H., D'Avila, G. B., Leao, A., Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S. & Feres, M. (2004) Scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population. I. clinical results. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 31, 1070-1076. – reference: Matuliene, G., Pjetursson, B. E., Salvi, G. E., Schmidlin, K., Bragger, U., Zwahlen, M. & Lang, N. P. (2008) Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35, 685-695. – reference: Goodson, J. M., Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S., Kent, R., Teles, R., Hasturk, H., Bogren, A., Van Dyke, T., Wennstrom, J. & Lindhe, L. (2012) Control of periodontal infections: a randomized controlled trial I. The primary outcome attachment gain and pocket depth reduction at treated sites. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 39, 525-536. – reference: Silva, M. P., Feres, M., Sirotto, T. A., Soares, G. M., Mendes, J. A., Faveri, M. & Figueiredo, L. C. (2011) Clinical and microbiological benefits of metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 38, 828-837. – reference: Loesche, W. J., Giordano, J. R., Soehren, S. & Kaciroti, N. (2005) The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease: results after 6.4 years. General Dentistry 53, 298-306. – reference: Lang, N. P. & Tonetti, M. S. (2003) Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry 1, 7-16. – reference: Ehmke, B., Moter, A., Beikler, T., Milian, E. & Flemmig, T.F. (2005) Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy of periodontitis: long term effects on disease progression and oral colonization. Journal of Periodontology 76, 749-759. – reference: Herrera, D., Sanz, M., Jepsen, S., Needleman, I. & Roldan, S. (2002) A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29, 136-159. – reference: Cionca, N., Giannopoulou, C., Ugolotti, G. & Mombelli, A. (2009) Amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to full-mouth scaling and root planing of chronic periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology 80, 364-371. – reference: Pihlstrom, B. L. & Barnett, M. L. (2010) Design, operation, and interpretation of clinical trials. Journal of Dental Research 89, 759-772. – reference: Matuliene, G., Studer, R., Lang, N. P., Schmidlin, K., Pjetursson, B. E., Salvi, G. E., Brägger, U. & Zwahlen, M. (2010) Significance of periodontal risk assessment in the recurrence of periodontitis and tooth loss. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 37, 191-199. – reference: Feres, M., Gursky, L. C., Faveri, M., Tsuzuki, C.O. & Figueiredo, L. C. (2009) Clinical and microbiological benefits of strict supragingival plaque control as part of the active phase of periodontal therapy. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 36, 857-867. – reference: Matarazzo, F., Figueiredo, L. C., Cruz, S. E., Faveri, M. & Feres, M. (2008) Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 35, 885-896. – reference: Mestnik, M. J., Feres, M., Figueiredo, L. C., Duarte, P. M., Lira, E. A. G. & Faveri, M. (2010) Short-term benefits of the adjunctive use of metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the microbial profile and in clinical parameters of subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 37, 353-365. – reference: Aimetti, M., Romano, F., Guzzi, N. & Carnevale, G. (2012) Full-mouth disinfection and systemic antimicrobial therapy in generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 39, 284-294. – reference: Armitage, G. C. (1999) Development of a classification system for periodontal disease and conditions. Annals of Periodontology 4, 1-6. – reference: Loesche, W. J., Syed, S. A., Morrison, E. C., Kerry, G. A., Higgins, T. & Stoll, J. (1984) Metronidazole in periodontitis. I. Clinical and bacteriological results after 15 to 30 weeks. Journal of Periodontology 55, 325-335. – reference: Haffajee, A. D., Socransky, S. S. & Gunsolley, J. C. (2003a) Systemic anti-infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review. The American Academy of Periodontology 8, 115-181. – reference: Xajigeorgiou, C., Sakellari, D., Slini, T., Baka, A. & Konstantinidis, A. (2006) Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generalized aggressive periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 33, 254-264. – reference: Loesche, W. J., Schmidt, E., Smith, B. A., Caffessee, R. & Stoll, J. (1987) Metronidazole therapy for periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research 22, 224-226. – reference: Guerrero, A., Griffiths, G. S., Nibali, L., Suvan, J., Moles, D. R., Laurell, L. & Tonetti, M. S. (2005) Adjunctive benefits of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole in non-surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy 32, 1096-1107. – reference: Loesche, W. J., Schmidt, E., Smith, B. A., Morrison, E. C., Caffesse, R. & Hujoel, P. P. (1991) Effects of metronidazole on periodontal treatment needs. Journal of Periodontology 62, 247-257. – reference: Winkel, E. G., van Winkelhoff, A. J., Timmerman, M. F., van der Velden, U. & van der Weijden, G. A. (2001) Amoxicillin plus metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double-blind placebo controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 296-305. – reference: Feres, M., Haffajee, A. D., Allard, K., Som, S. & Socransky, S. S. (2001) Change in subgingival microbial profiles in adult periodontitis subjects receiving either systemically-administered amoxicillin or metronidazole. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 28, 597-609. – reference: Greenstein, G. (2003) Clinical versus statistical significance as they relate to the efficacy of periodontal therapy. The Journal of the American Dental Association 5, 583-591. – reference: van Winkelhoff, A. J., Rodenburg, J. P., Goené, R. J., Abbas, F., Winkel, E. G. & De Graaff, J. (1989) Metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 16, 128-131. – reference: Haffajee, A.D., Arguello, E.I., Ximenez-Fyvie, L.A. & Socransky, S.S. (2003b) Controlling the plaque biofilm. International Dental Journal 53, 191-199. – reference: Sampaio, E., Rocha, M., Figueiredo, L. C., Faveri, M., Duarte, P. M., Gomes Lira, E. A. & Feres, M. (2011) Clinical and microbiological effects of azithromycin in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 38, 838-846. – reference: Haffajee, A. D., Torresyap, G. & Socransky, S. S. (2007) Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treatment of chronic periodontitis: 1 year results. Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy 34, 243-253. – reference: Rooney, J., Wade, W. G., Sprague, S. V., Newcombe, R. G. & Addy, M. (2002) Adjunctive effects to non-surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin alone and combined. A placebo controlled study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 29, 342-350. – volume: 37 start-page: 353 year: 2010 end-page: 365 article-title: Short‐term benefits of the adjunctive use of metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the microbial profile and in clinical parameters of subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 22 start-page: 224 year: 1987 end-page: 226 article-title: Metronidazole therapy for periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Periodontal Research – volume: 39 start-page: 525 year: 2012 end-page: 536 article-title: Control of periodontal infections: a randomized controlled trial I. The primary outcome attachment gain and pocket depth reduction at treated sites publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 1 start-page: 7 year: 2003 end-page: 16 article-title: Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) publication-title: Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry – volume: 33 start-page: 254 year: 2006 end-page: 264 article-title: Clinical and microbiological effects of different antimicrobials on generalized aggressive periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 34 start-page: 243 year: 2007 end-page: 253 article-title: Clinical changes following four different periodontal therapies for the treatment of chronic periodontitis: 1 year results publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy – volume: 38 start-page: 828 year: 2011 end-page: 837 article-title: Clinical and microbiological benefits of metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 35 start-page: 685 year: 2008 end-page: 695 article-title: Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 5 start-page: 583 year: 2003 end-page: 591 article-title: Clinical versus statistical significance as they relate to the efficacy of periodontal therapy publication-title: The Journal of the American Dental Association – volume: 4 start-page: 1 year: 1999 end-page: 6 article-title: Development of a classification system for periodontal disease and conditions publication-title: Annals of Periodontology – volume: 38 start-page: 838 year: 2011 end-page: 846 article-title: Clinical and microbiological effects of azithromycin in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 80 start-page: 364 year: 2009 end-page: 371 article-title: Amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to full‐mouth scaling and root planing of chronic periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 28 start-page: 597 year: 2001 end-page: 609 article-title: Change in subgingival microbial profiles in adult periodontitis subjects receiving either systemically‐administered amoxicillin or metronidazole publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 55 start-page: 325 year: 1984 end-page: 335 article-title: Metronidazole in periodontitis. I. Clinical and bacteriological results after 15 to 30 weeks publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 8 start-page: 115 year: 2003a end-page: 181 article-title: Systemic anti‐infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review publication-title: The American Academy of Periodontology – volume: 62 start-page: 247 year: 1991 end-page: 257 article-title: Effects of metronidazole on periodontal treatment needs publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 29 start-page: 136 year: 2002 end-page: 159 article-title: A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 53 start-page: 298 year: 2005 end-page: 306 article-title: The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease: results after 6.4 years publication-title: General Dentistry – volume: 37 start-page: 191 year: 2010 end-page: 199 article-title: Significance of periodontal risk assessment in the recurrence of periodontitis and tooth loss publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 89 start-page: 759 year: 2010 end-page: 772 article-title: Design, operation, and interpretation of clinical trials publication-title: Journal of Dental Research – volume: 35 start-page: 885 year: 2008 end-page: 896 article-title: Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo‐controlled study publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 81 start-page: 964 year: 2010 end-page: 974 article-title: Efficacy of amoxicillin and metronidazole combination for the management of generalized aggressive periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 39 start-page: 284 year: 2012 end-page: 294 article-title: Full‐mouth disinfection and systemic antimicrobial therapy in generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized, placebo‐controlled trial publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 36 start-page: 857 year: 2009 end-page: 867 article-title: Clinical and microbiological benefits of strict supragingival plaque control as part of the active phase of periodontal therapy publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 29 start-page: 342 year: 2002 end-page: 350 article-title: Adjunctive effects to non‐surgical periodontal therapy of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin alone and combined. A placebo controlled study publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 76 start-page: 749 year: 2005 end-page: 759 article-title: Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy of periodontitis: long term effects on disease progression and oral colonization publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 32 start-page: 1096 year: 2005 end-page: 1107 article-title: Adjunctive benefits of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole in non‐surgical treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontololgy – volume: 31 start-page: 1070 year: 2004 end-page: 1076 article-title: Scaling and root planing, systemic metronidazole and professional plaque removal in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population. I. clinical results publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 16 start-page: 128 year: 1989 end-page: 131 article-title: Metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 53 start-page: 191 year: 2003b end-page: 199 article-title: Controlling the plaque biofilm publication-title: International Dental Journal – volume: 28 start-page: 296 year: 2001 end-page: 305 article-title: Amoxicillin plus metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis patients. A double‐blind placebo controlled study publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – ident: e_1_2_6_21_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01304.x – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1987.tb01574.x – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.1991.62.4.247 – ident: e_1_2_6_20_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.1984.55.6.325 – ident: e_1_2_6_25_1 doi: 10.1177/0022034510374737 – ident: e_1_2_6_12_1 doi: 10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.115 – ident: e_1_2_6_4_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00605.x – ident: e_1_2_6_8_1 doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028007597.x – ident: e_1_2_6_32_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.2010.090522 – volume: 53 start-page: 298 year: 2005 ident: e_1_2_6_17_1 article-title: The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease: results after 6.4 years publication-title: General Dentistry – ident: e_1_2_6_31_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00905.x – ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.2009.080540 – ident: e_1_2_6_28_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01763.x – ident: e_1_2_6_22_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01245.x – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051X.29.s3.8.x – ident: e_1_2_6_13_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2003.tb00770.x – volume: 1 start-page: 7 year: 2003 ident: e_1_2_6_16_1 article-title: Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) publication-title: Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0225 – ident: e_1_2_6_29_1 doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028004296.x – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01795.x – ident: e_1_2_6_7_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01471.x – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2012.01870.x – ident: e_1_2_6_11_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2005.00814.x – ident: e_1_2_6_14_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.01040.x – ident: e_1_2_6_23_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01508.x – ident: e_1_2_6_3_1 doi: 10.1902/annals.1999.4.1.1 – ident: e_1_2_6_26_1 doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2002.290410.x – ident: e_1_2_6_30_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01626.x – ident: e_1_2_6_27_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01766.x – ident: e_1_2_6_6_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.5.749 – ident: e_1_2_6_24_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01538.x – reference: 23773466 - J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2013 Jun;13(2):52-4 |
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To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis... View the pubcast on this paper at http://scivee-1.sdsc.edu/node/55261 To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A... Aim To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis... To evaluate the effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) or MTZ + amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). A... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult amoxicillin Amoxicillin - adverse effects Amoxicillin - therapeutic use Analysis of Variance Anti-Bacterial Agents - adverse effects Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use Antibiotics Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents Antifungal agents Antiparasitic agents Biological and medical sciences Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Chlorhexidine - therapeutic use chronic periodontitis Chronic Periodontitis - drug therapy Clinical outcomes Dental Scaling Dentistry Double-Blind Method Drug Combinations Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology Female Humans Logistic Models Longitudinal Studies Male Medical sciences metronidazole Metronidazole - therapeutic use Middle Aged Mouthwashes - therapeutic use Non tumoral diseases Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology periodontal disease Periodontal Index Periodontal Pocket - drug therapy Periodontal Pocket - pathology periodontal treatment Pharmacology. Drug treatments scaling and root planing Statistics, Nonparametric Treatment Outcome |
| Title | Metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a 1-year double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial |
| URI | https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-VLGW280S-N/fulltext.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fjcpe.12004 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23016867 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1433872666 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1171865762 |
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