l-Aspartate: An Essential Metabolite for Plant Growth and Stress Acclimation

L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pat...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 26; no. 7; p. 1887
Main Authors Han, Mei, Zhang, Can, Suglo, Peter, Sun, Shuyue, Wang, Mingyao, Su, Tao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 26.03.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Amino acids
aspartate
aspartate aminotransferase
aspartate transporter/carrier
Biosynthesis
Carbon
Cell growth
compartmentation
Dehydrogenases
Enzymes
Glucose
hormone
Kinases
Metabolism
Metabolites
Nitrogen
Phosphorylation
Plastids
Polyamines
Prokaryotes
Review
Senescence
stress
compartmentation
stress
aspartate
aspartate transporter/carrier
aspartate aminotransferase
hormone
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Abstract L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pathway intermediates, and hormones, which are vital for growth and defense. In animals and humans, lines of data have proved that Asp is indispensable for cell proliferation. However, in plants, despite the extensive study of the Asp family amino acid pathway, little attention has been paid to the function of Asp through the other numerous pathways. This review aims to elucidate the most important aspects of Asp in plants, from biosynthesis to catabolism and the role of Asp and its metabolic derivatives in response to changing environmental conditions. It considers the distribution of Asp in various cell compartments and the change of Asp level, and its significance in the whole plant under various stresses. Moreover, it provides evidence of the interconnection between Asp and phytohormones, which have prominent functions in plant growth, development, and defense. The updated information will help improve our understanding of the physiological role of Asp and Asp-borne metabolic fluxes, supporting the modular operation of these networks.
AbstractList L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pathway intermediates, and hormones, which are vital for growth and defense. In animals and humans, lines of data have proved that Asp is indispensable for cell proliferation. However, in plants, despite the extensive study of the Asp family amino acid pathway, little attention has been paid to the function of Asp through the other numerous pathways. This review aims to elucidate the most important aspects of Asp in plants, from biosynthesis to catabolism and the role of Asp and its metabolic derivatives in response to changing environmental conditions. It considers the distribution of Asp in various cell compartments and the change of Asp level, and its significance in the whole plant under various stresses. Moreover, it provides evidence of the interconnection between Asp and phytohormones, which have prominent functions in plant growth, development, and defense. The updated information will help improve our understanding of the physiological role of Asp and Asp-borne metabolic fluxes, supporting the modular operation of these networks.
L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pathway intermediates, and hormones, which are vital for growth and defense. In animals and humans, lines of data have proved that Asp is indispensable for cell proliferation. However, in plants, despite the extensive study of the Asp family amino acid pathway, little attention has been paid to the function of Asp through the other numerous pathways. This review aims to elucidate the most important aspects of Asp in plants, from biosynthesis to catabolism and the role of Asp and its metabolic derivatives in response to changing environmental conditions. It considers the distribution of Asp in various cell compartments and the change of Asp level, and its significance in the whole plant under various stresses. Moreover, it provides evidence of the interconnection between Asp and phytohormones, which have prominent functions in plant growth, development, and defense. The updated information will help improve our understanding of the physiological role of Asp and Asp-borne metabolic fluxes, supporting the modular operation of these networks.L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pathway intermediates, and hormones, which are vital for growth and defense. In animals and humans, lines of data have proved that Asp is indispensable for cell proliferation. However, in plants, despite the extensive study of the Asp family amino acid pathway, little attention has been paid to the function of Asp through the other numerous pathways. This review aims to elucidate the most important aspects of Asp in plants, from biosynthesis to catabolism and the role of Asp and its metabolic derivatives in response to changing environmental conditions. It considers the distribution of Asp in various cell compartments and the change of Asp level, and its significance in the whole plant under various stresses. Moreover, it provides evidence of the interconnection between Asp and phytohormones, which have prominent functions in plant growth, development, and defense. The updated information will help improve our understanding of the physiological role of Asp and Asp-borne metabolic fluxes, supporting the modular operation of these networks.
Author Suglo, Peter
Han, Mei
Su, Tao
Sun, Shuyue
Zhang, Can
Wang, Mingyao
AuthorAffiliation 1 Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; sthanmei@njfu.edu.cn (M.H.); can18723@126.com (C.Z.); petersuglo@yahoo.com (P.S.); sunsyjessica@163.com (S.S.); njfuwmy2021@163.com (M.W.)
2 Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; sthanmei@njfu.edu.cn (M.H.); can18723@126.com (C.Z.); petersuglo@yahoo.com (P.S.); sunsyjessica@163.com (S.S.); njfuwmy2021@163.com (M.W.)
– name: 2 Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810495$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 7
Keywords compartmentation
stress
aspartate
aspartate transporter/carrier
aspartate aminotransferase
hormone
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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Snippet L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as...
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SubjectTerms Amino acids
aspartate
aspartate aminotransferase
aspartate transporter/carrier
Biosynthesis
Carbon
Cell growth
compartmentation
Dehydrogenases
Enzymes
Glucose
hormone
Kinases
Metabolism
Metabolites
Nitrogen
Phosphorylation
Plastids
Polyamines
Prokaryotes
Review
Senescence
stress
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Title l-Aspartate: An Essential Metabolite for Plant Growth and Stress Acclimation
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810495
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Volume 26
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