Sex Differences in Cancer Immunotherapy Efficacy, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Strategy

Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, and sex differences in cancer immunotherapy are just...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 24; no. 18; p. 3214
Main Authors Wang, Shixiang, Cowley, Li An, Liu, Xue-Song
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 04.09.2019
MDPI
Subjects
Androgens
Antibodies
Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
biomarker
Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor
cancer immunotherapy
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Dendritic cells
Estrogens
Female
Females
Gender differences
Hormones
Humans
immune checkpoint inhibitor
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunity
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy - adverse effects
Immunotherapy - methods
Infectious diseases
Male
Males
Melanoma
Menstruation
Mortality
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - therapy
Review
sex differences
Sex Factors
Treatment Outcome
tumor mutational burden
Vaccines
Viral infections
Womens health
X chromosomes
Y chromosomes
immune checkpoint inhibitor
biomarker
tumor mutational burden
sex differences
cancer immunotherapy
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI10.3390/molecules24183214

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Abstract Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, and sex differences in cancer immunotherapy are just starting to be revealed. Here, we summarize recent research progress concerning sex differences in cancer immunotherapy efficacy. On their own, ICIs tend to be more effective in male cancer patients compared with female patients, while ICIs combined with chemotherapy tend to be more effective in female patients than male patients. Male tumors are usually more antigenic than female tumors, and this is reflected by their increased number of tumor mutations and cancer germline antigens. The biomarker tumor mutational burden (TMB), which reflects tumor antigenicity, is more effective at predicting immunotherapy response for female lung cancer patients than for male patients. In this review, we propose different therapeutic strategies for the different sexes: For male cancer patients, the immune environment should be enhanced, whereas for female cancer patients, tumor antigenicity should be enhanced.
AbstractList Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, and sex differences in cancer immunotherapy are just starting to be revealed. Here, we summarize recent research progress concerning sex differences in cancer immunotherapy efficacy. On their own, ICIs tend to be more effective in male cancer patients compared with female patients, while ICIs combined with chemotherapy tend to be more effective in female patients than male patients. Male tumors are usually more antigenic than female tumors, and this is reflected by their increased number of tumor mutations and cancer germline antigens. The biomarker tumor mutational burden (TMB), which reflects tumor antigenicity, is more effective at predicting immunotherapy response for female lung cancer patients than for male patients. In this review, we propose different therapeutic strategies for the different sexes: For male cancer patients, the immune environment should be enhanced, whereas for female cancer patients, tumor antigenicity should be enhanced.Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, and sex differences in cancer immunotherapy are just starting to be revealed. Here, we summarize recent research progress concerning sex differences in cancer immunotherapy efficacy. On their own, ICIs tend to be more effective in male cancer patients compared with female patients, while ICIs combined with chemotherapy tend to be more effective in female patients than male patients. Male tumors are usually more antigenic than female tumors, and this is reflected by their increased number of tumor mutations and cancer germline antigens. The biomarker tumor mutational burden (TMB), which reflects tumor antigenicity, is more effective at predicting immunotherapy response for female lung cancer patients than for male patients. In this review, we propose different therapeutic strategies for the different sexes: For male cancer patients, the immune environment should be enhanced, whereas for female cancer patients, tumor antigenicity should be enhanced.
Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, and sex differences in cancer immunotherapy are just starting to be revealed. Here, we summarize recent research progress concerning sex differences in cancer immunotherapy efficacy. On their own, ICIs tend to be more effective in male cancer patients compared with female patients, while ICIs combined with chemotherapy tend to be more effective in female patients than male patients. Male tumors are usually more antigenic than female tumors, and this is reflected by their increased number of tumor mutations and cancer germline antigens. The biomarker tumor mutational burden (TMB), which reflects tumor antigenicity, is more effective at predicting immunotherapy response for female lung cancer patients than for male patients. In this review, we propose different therapeutic strategies for the different sexes: For male cancer patients, the immune environment should be enhanced, whereas for female cancer patients, tumor antigenicity should be enhanced.
Author Wang, Shixiang
Cowley, Li An
Liu, Xue-Song
AuthorAffiliation 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
1 School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China
2 Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
4 St Hugh’s College, The University of Oxford, Oxford 01865, UK
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  surname: Cowley
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  givenname: Xue-Song
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7736-0077
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Keywords immune checkpoint inhibitor
biomarker
tumor mutational burden
sex differences
cancer immunotherapy
Language English
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Snippet Sex differences in innate and adaptive immune responses are known, and women generally mount a stronger immune response than men. Cancer immunotherapy,...
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proquest
pubmed
crossref
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StartPage 3214
SubjectTerms Androgens
Antibodies
Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
biomarker
Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor
cancer immunotherapy
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Dendritic cells
Estrogens
Female
Females
Gender differences
Hormones
Humans
immune checkpoint inhibitor
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunity
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy - adverse effects
Immunotherapy - methods
Infectious diseases
Male
Males
Melanoma
Menstruation
Mortality
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - therapy
Review
sex differences
Sex Factors
Treatment Outcome
tumor mutational burden
Vaccines
Viral infections
Womens health
X chromosomes
Y chromosomes
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Title Sex Differences in Cancer Immunotherapy Efficacy, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Strategy
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31487832
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2549094205
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2286927303
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6767080
https://doaj.org/article/c4a75e9833ae49988c510e7c2236840a
Volume 24
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