Raman Multi-Omic Snapshot and Statistical Validation of Structural Differences between Herpes Simplex Type I and Epstein–Barr Viruses

Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were first collected with statistical validity on clusters of the respective virions and analyzed according to principal component analysis (PCA)...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 24; no. 21; p. 15567
Main Authors Pezzotti, Giuseppe, Ohgitani, Eriko, Imamura, Hayata, Ikegami, Saki, Shin-Ya, Masaharu, Adachi, Tetsuya, Adachi, Keiji, Yamamoto, Toshiro, Kanamura, Narisato, Marin, Elia, Zhu, Wenliang, Higasa, Koichiro, Yasukochi, Yoshiki, Okuma, Kazu, Mazda, Osam
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 25.10.2023
Subjects
Amino acids
Carbohydrates
Comparative analysis
Correspondence
Epstein-Barr virus
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
Genomes
Glycoproteins
Herpes Simplex
Herpes viruses
Herpesvirus 1, Human
Herpesvirus 4, Human
Humans
Lymphoma
Machine learning
Multiomics
Proteins
Raman spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Tryptophan
Virology
Japan
herpes simplex virus type I
glycoproteins
secondary protein structure
Raman spectroscopy
surface pH
Epstein–Barr virus
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Abstract Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were first collected with statistical validity on clusters of the respective virions and analyzed according to principal component analysis (PCA). Then, average spectra were computed and a machine-learning approach applied to deconvolute them into sub-band components in order to perform comparative analyses. The Raman results revealed marked structural differences between the two viral strains, which could mainly be traced back to the massive presence of carbohydrates in the glycoproteins of EBV virions. Clear differences could also be recorded for selected tyrosine and tryptophan Raman bands sensitive to pH at the virion/environment interface. According to the observed spectral differences, Raman signatures of known biomolecules were interpreted to link structural differences with the viral functions of the two strains. The present study confirms the unique ability of Raman spectroscopy for answering structural questions at the molecular level in virology and, despite the structural complexity of viral structures, its capacity to readily and reliably differentiate between different virus types and strains.
AbstractList Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were first collected with statistical validity on clusters of the respective virions and analyzed according to principal component analysis (PCA). Then, average spectra were computed and a machine-learning approach applied to deconvolute them into sub-band components in order to perform comparative analyses. The Raman results revealed marked structural differences between the two viral strains, which could mainly be traced back to the massive presence of carbohydrates in the glycoproteins of EBV virions. Clear differences could also be recorded for selected tyrosine and tryptophan Raman bands sensitive to pH at the virion/environment interface. According to the observed spectral differences, Raman signatures of known biomolecules were interpreted to link structural differences with the viral functions of the two strains. The present study confirms the unique ability of Raman spectroscopy for answering structural questions at the molecular level in virology and, despite the structural complexity of viral structures, its capacity to readily and reliably differentiate between different virus types and strains.
Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were first collected with statistical validity on clusters of the respective virions and analyzed according to principal component analysis (PCA). Then, average spectra were computed and a machine-learning approach applied to deconvolute them into sub-band components in order to perform comparative analyses. The Raman results revealed marked structural differences between the two viral strains, which could mainly be traced back to the massive presence of carbohydrates in the glycoproteins of EBV virions. Clear differences could also be recorded for selected tyrosine and tryptophan Raman bands sensitive to pH at the virion/environment interface. According to the observed spectral differences, Raman signatures of known biomolecules were interpreted to link structural differences with the viral functions of the two strains. The present study confirms the unique ability of Raman spectroscopy for answering structural questions at the molecular level in virology and, despite the structural complexity of viral structures, its capacity to readily and reliably differentiate between different virus types and strains.Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were first collected with statistical validity on clusters of the respective virions and analyzed according to principal component analysis (PCA). Then, average spectra were computed and a machine-learning approach applied to deconvolute them into sub-band components in order to perform comparative analyses. The Raman results revealed marked structural differences between the two viral strains, which could mainly be traced back to the massive presence of carbohydrates in the glycoproteins of EBV virions. Clear differences could also be recorded for selected tyrosine and tryptophan Raman bands sensitive to pH at the virion/environment interface. According to the observed spectral differences, Raman signatures of known biomolecules were interpreted to link structural differences with the viral functions of the two strains. The present study confirms the unique ability of Raman spectroscopy for answering structural questions at the molecular level in virology and, despite the structural complexity of viral structures, its capacity to readily and reliably differentiate between different virus types and strains.
Audience Academic
Author Ohgitani, Eriko
Ikegami, Saki
Adachi, Keiji
Adachi, Tetsuya
Kanamura, Narisato
Mazda, Osam
Imamura, Hayata
Marin, Elia
Yasukochi, Yoshiki
Shin-Ya, Masaharu
Okuma, Kazu
Zhu, Wenliang
Pezzotti, Giuseppe
Yamamoto, Toshiro
Higasa, Koichiro
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Keywords herpes simplex virus type I
glycoproteins
secondary protein structure
Raman spectroscopy
surface pH
Epstein–Barr virus
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Snippet Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were...
Raman spectroscopy was applied to study the structural differences between herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Raman spectra were...
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SubjectTerms Amino acids
Carbohydrates
Comparative analysis
Correspondence
Epstein-Barr virus
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
Genomes
Glycoproteins
Herpes Simplex
Herpes viruses
Herpesvirus 1, Human
Herpesvirus 4, Human
Humans
Lymphoma
Machine learning
Multiomics
Proteins
Raman spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Tryptophan
Virology
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Title Raman Multi-Omic Snapshot and Statistical Validation of Structural Differences between Herpes Simplex Type I and Epstein–Barr Viruses
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