Tree regeneration in felling and natural treefall disturbances in a semideciduous tropical forest in Mexico
Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4–11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in southeastern Mexico. Closed-canopy sites and gaps were selected stratified randomly. In addition, all large natural and felling gaps encountere...
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Published in | Forest ecology and management Vol. 134; no. 1; pp. 137 - 151 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.09.2000
Elsevier |
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Abstract | Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4–11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in southeastern Mexico. Closed-canopy sites and gaps were selected stratified randomly. In addition, all large natural and felling gaps encountered were sampled. All stems ≤5
cm dbh were sampled in sets of 10
m
2 plots in closed-canopy sites and gaps. The origins of the 10 tallest stems in each gap were also determined. Rubber-tired skidder disturbance in felling gaps resulted in a fourfold increase in the relative abundances of a set of shade-intolerant species. The logging process also promoted root sprouting, primarily among shade-intolerant species, but also in several shade-tolerant species. Advance growth accounted for a higher proportion of tall stems in natural than felling gaps and most of these stems were of shade-tolerant species. The proportion of tall stems that originated from seeds or small seedlings at the time of gap formation was higher in felling than natural gaps and increased with canopy openness only in felling gaps. These stems were primarily from shade-intolerant species. A lack of response to canopy openness in natural gaps was likely a result of relatively low levels of understory and substrate disturbance coupled with the absence of large natural gaps with high canopy openness. The maintenance of shade-intolerant and tolerant timber species in this forest would appear to require, at minimum, the creation of large gaps with understory and substrate disturbance within a matrix of forest logged by single-tree selection methods in which understory damage was minimized. |
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AbstractList | Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4-11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in southeastern Mexico. Closed-canopy sites and gaps were selected stratified randomly. In addition, all large natural and felling gaps encountered were sampled. All stems less than or equal to 5 cm dbh were sampled in sets of 10 m super(2) plots in closed-canopy sites and gaps. The origins of the 10 tallest stems in each gap were also determined. Rubber-tired skidder disturbance in felling gaps resulted in a fourfold increase in the relative abundances of a set of shade-intolerant species. The logging process also promoted root sprouting, primarily among shade-intolerant species, but also in several shade-tolerant species. Advance growth accounted for a higher proportion of tall stems in natural than felling gaps and most of these stems were of shade-tolerant species. The proportion of tall stems that originated from seeds or small seedlings at the time of gap formation was higher in felling than natural gaps and increased with canopy openness only in felling gaps. These stems were primarily from shade-intolerant species. A lack of response to canopy openness in natural gaps was likely a result of relatively low levels of understory and substrate disturbance coupled with the absence of large natural gaps with high canopy openness. The maintenance of shade-intolerant and tolerant timber species in this forest would appear to require, at minimum, the creation of large gaps with understory and substrate disturbance within a matrix of forest logged by single-tree selection methods in which understory damage was minimized. Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4–11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in southeastern Mexico. Closed-canopy sites and gaps were selected stratified randomly. In addition, all large natural and felling gaps encountered were sampled. All stems ≤5 cm dbh were sampled in sets of 10 m 2 plots in closed-canopy sites and gaps. The origins of the 10 tallest stems in each gap were also determined. Rubber-tired skidder disturbance in felling gaps resulted in a fourfold increase in the relative abundances of a set of shade-intolerant species. The logging process also promoted root sprouting, primarily among shade-intolerant species, but also in several shade-tolerant species. Advance growth accounted for a higher proportion of tall stems in natural than felling gaps and most of these stems were of shade-tolerant species. The proportion of tall stems that originated from seeds or small seedlings at the time of gap formation was higher in felling than natural gaps and increased with canopy openness only in felling gaps. These stems were primarily from shade-intolerant species. A lack of response to canopy openness in natural gaps was likely a result of relatively low levels of understory and substrate disturbance coupled with the absence of large natural gaps with high canopy openness. The maintenance of shade-intolerant and tolerant timber species in this forest would appear to require, at minimum, the creation of large gaps with understory and substrate disturbance within a matrix of forest logged by single-tree selection methods in which understory damage was minimized. Tree regeneration between natural and felling gaps was compared in a semi-deciduous tropical forest in Mexico. Stratified-randomly selected natural gaps, felling gaps, and closed-canopy sites were selected. Prior to the 1980s, highly selective logging had been conducted at the study site. Results showed that felling gaps were larger than natural gaps, and gap area and canopy openness were related positively. Gap area increased with number of gap-making trees in both natural and felling gaps, as did canopy openness. Common shade-intolerant species were relatively favored in felling gaps, which was attributed to increased regeneration from new seedlings where skidders had traversed, the larger maximum size of felling gaps, and abundant root sprouting by several shade-intolerant species following logging. Shade-tolerant species were relatively favored in natural gaps. There was little overlap in gap-maker identity between natural gaps and felling gaps, with Manilkara zapata the most frequent gap-making tree, and mahogany the most heavily logged specie. |
Author | Hermann, S.M Whigham, D.F Dickinson, M.B |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: M.B surname: Dickinson fullname: Dickinson, M.B email: mdickins@ucalgary.ca organization: Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: D.F surname: Whigham fullname: Whigham, D.F organization: Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, PO Box 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: S.M surname: Hermann fullname: Hermann, S.M organization: Tall Timbers Research Station, 13093 Henry Beadle Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32312, USA |
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Keywords | Treefall gap Selective logging Root sprout Yucatan Felling gap Disturbance Mexico Tree regeneration Light Environmental factor Natural forest regeneration Hardwood forest tree Tropical forest Forest logging Perturbation Primary forest Volunteer plant Canopy gap |
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Snippet | Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4–11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in... Tree regeneration between natural and felling gaps was compared in a semi-deciduous tropical forest in Mexico. Stratified-randomly selected natural gaps,... Tree regeneration was compared among closed-canopy sites and 4-11-year old natural and felling gaps in a selectively logged semideciduous tropical forest in... |
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SubjectTerms | Biological and medical sciences Disturbance Felling gap Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration Forestry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Mexico Root sprout Selective logging Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration Tree regeneration Treefall gap Yucatan |
Title | Tree regeneration in felling and natural treefall disturbances in a semideciduous tropical forest in Mexico |
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