Biological Properties of Low-Toxic PLGA and PLGA/PHB Fibrous Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Osseous Tissue Regeneration. Evaluation of Potential Bioactivity

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 22; no. 11; p. 1852
• Main Authors: Żywicka, Boguslawa, Krucińska, Izabella, Garcarek, Jerzy, Szymonowicz, Maria, Komisarczyk, Agnieszka, Rybak, Zbigniew
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 28.10.2017; MDPI
• Subjects: Alginic acid; Animals; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - administration & dosage; Biocompatible Materials - adverse effects; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biological activity; Biological properties; Biomedical materials; bioresorption; Bone growth; bone implant; Bone implants; Bone Regeneration - drug effects; Bones; Calcium; Calcium alginate; Cell proliferation; Comparative studies; encapsulated growth factor; Evaluation; Female; Fibrous materials; Guinea Pigs; Hydroxyapatite; Implantation; In vivo methods and tests; Insulin-like growth factor I; Lactic Acid - administration & dosage; Lactic Acid - adverse effects; Male; Microspheres; Nanocomposites; Nanocomposites - chemistry; nonwoven fabrics; poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide); Polyglycolic Acid - administration & dosage; Polyglycolic Acid - adverse effects; Polyhydroxybutyrate; Polylactide-co-glycolide; Prototypes; Rabbits; Regeneration; Scaffolds; Surgical implants; synthetic poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate); Tissue engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Transplants & implants; Wound Healing; bone implant; nonwoven fabrics; biocompatibility; encapsulated growth factor; poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide); synthetic poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate); bioresorption
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111852
• ISSN: 1420-3049

The aim of the study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and bioactivity of two new prototype implants for bone tissue regeneration made from biodegradable fibrous materials. The first is a newly developed poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide), (PLGA), and the second is a blend of PLGA with synthetic poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate) (PLGA/PHB). The implant prototypes comprise PLGA or PLGA/PHB nonwoven fabrics with designed pore structures to create the best conditions for cell proliferation. The bioactivity of the proposed implants was enhanced by introducing a hydroxyapatite material and a biologically active agent, namely, growth factor IGF1, encapsulated in calcium alginate microspheres. To assess the biocompatibility and bioactivity, allergenic tests and an assessment of the local reaction of bone tissue after implantation were performed. Comparative studies of local tissue response after implantation into trochanters for a period of 12 months were performed on New Zealand rabbits. Based on the results of the in vivo evaluation of the allergenic effects and the local tissue reaction 12 months after implantation, it was concluded that the two implant prototypes, PLGA + IGF1 and PLGA/PHB + IGF1, were characterized by high biocompatibility with the soft and bone tissues of the tested animals.