Implications of somatic mutations in the AML1 gene in radiation-associated and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia

Somatically acquired point mutations of AML1/RUNX1 gene have been recently identified in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Moreover, germ line mutations of AML1 were found in an autosomal dominant disease, familial platelet disorder with predisposition to...

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Published inBlood Vol. 101; no. 2; pp. 673 - 680
Main Authors Harada, Hironori, Harada, Yuka, Tanaka, Hideo, Kimura, Akiro, Inaba, Toshiya
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Washington, DC Elsevier Inc 15.01.2003
The Americain Society of Hematology
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Abstract Somatically acquired point mutations of AML1/RUNX1 gene have been recently identified in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Moreover, germ line mutations of AML1 were found in an autosomal dominant disease, familial platelet disorder with predisposition to AML (FPD/AML), suggesting that AML1 mutants, as well as AML1 chimeras, contribute to the transformation of hematopoietic progenitors. In this report, we showed that AML1 point mutations were found in 6 (46%) of 13 MDS patients among atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in Hiroshima. Unlike acute or chronic leukemia patients among A-bomb survivors, MDS patients exposed relatively low-dose radiation and developed the disease after a long latency period. AML1 mutations also were found in 5 (38%) of 13 therapy-related AML/MDS patients who were treated with alkylating agents with or without local radiation therapy. In contrast, frequency of AML1 mutation in sporadic MDS patients was 2.7% (2 of 74). Among AML1 mutations identified in this study, truncated-type mutants lost DNA binding potential and trans-activation activity. All missense mutations with one exception (Gly42Arg) lacked DNA binding ability and down-regulated the trans-activation potential of wild-type AML1 in a dominant-negative fashion. The Gly42Arg mutation that was shared by 2 patients bound DNA even more avidly than wild-type AML1 and enhanced thetrans-activation potential of normal AML1. These results suggest that AML1 point mutations are related to low-dose radiation or alkylating agents and play a role distinct from that of leukemogenic chimeras as a result of chromosomal translocations caused by sublethal radiation or topoisomerase II inhibitors.
AbstractList Somatically acquired point mutations of AML1/RUNX1 gene have been recently identified in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Moreover, germ line mutations of AML1 were found in an autosomal dominant disease, familial platelet disorder with predisposition to AML (FPD/AML), suggesting that AML1 mutants, as well as AML1 chimeras, contribute to the transformation of hematopoietic progenitors. In this report, we showed that AML1 point mutations were found in 6 (46%) of 13 MDS patients among atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in Hiroshima. Unlike acute or chronic leukemia patients among A-bomb survivors, MDS patients exposed relatively low-dose radiation and developed the disease after a long latency period. AML1 mutations also were found in 5 (38%) of 13 therapy-related AML/MDS patients who were treated with alkylating agents with or without local radiation therapy. In contrast, frequency of AML1 mutation in sporadic MDS patients was 2.7% (2 of 74). Among AML1 mutations identified in this study, truncated-type mutants lost DNA binding potential and trans-activation activity. All missense mutations with one exception (Gly42Arg) lacked DNA binding ability and down-regulated the trans-activation potential of wild-type AML1 in a dominant-negative fashion. The Gly42Arg mutation that was shared by 2 patients bound DNA even more avidly than wild-type AML1 and enhanced thetrans-activation potential of normal AML1. These results suggest that AML1 point mutations are related to low-dose radiation or alkylating agents and play a role distinct from that of leukemogenic chimeras as a result of chromosomal translocations caused by sublethal radiation or topoisomerase II inhibitors.
Somatically acquired point mutations of AML1/RUNX1 gene have been recently identified in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Moreover, germ line mutations of AML1 were found in an autosomal dominant disease, familial platelet disorder with predisposition to AML (FPD/AML), suggesting that AML1 mutants, as well as AML1 chimeras, contribute to the transformation of hematopoietic progenitors. In this report, we showed that AML1 point mutations were found in 6 (46%) of 13 MDS patients among atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors in Hiroshima. Unlike acute or chronic leukemia patients among A-bomb survivors, MDS patients exposed relatively low-dose radiation and developed the disease after a long latency period. AML1 mutations also were found in 5 (38%) of 13 therapy-related AML/MDS patients who were treated with alkylating agents with or without local radiation therapy. In contrast, frequency of AML1 mutation in sporadic MDS patients was 2.7% (2 of 74). Among AML1 mutations identified in this study, truncated-type mutants lost DNA binding potential and trans-activation activity. All missense mutations with one exception (Gly42Arg) lacked DNA binding ability and down-regulated the trans-activation potential of wild-type AML1 in a dominant-negative fashion. The Gly42Arg mutation that was shared by 2 patients bound DNA even more avidly than wild-type AML1 and enhanced the trans-activation potential of normal AML1. These results suggest that AML1 point mutations are related to low-dose radiation or alkylating agents and play a role distinct from that of leukemogenic chimeras as a result of chromosomal translocations caused by sublethal radiation or topoisomerase II inhibitors.
Author Harada, Hironori
Tanaka, Hideo
Kimura, Akiro
Inaba, Toshiya
Harada, Yuka
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  surname: Tanaka
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  surname: Kimura
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  givenname: Toshiya
  surname: Inaba
  fullname: Inaba, Toshiya
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Issue 2
Keywords Antineoplastic agent
Human
Secondary
Toxicity
Acute
Malignant hemopathy
Radiotherapy
Carcinogenesis
Genetic determinism
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Somatic mutation
Ionizing radiation
Complication
Genetics
Leukemogenesis
Acute myelocytic leukemia
Language English
License This article is made available under the Elsevier license.
CC BY 4.0
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SSID ssj0014325
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Snippet Somatically acquired point mutations of AML1/RUNX1 gene have been recently identified in rare cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic...
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pascalfrancis
elsevier
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StartPage 673
SubjectTerms Acute Disease
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Biological and medical sciences
Bone marrow, stem cells transplantation. Graft versus host reaction
Case-Control Studies
Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
DNA Mutational Analysis
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Female
Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases
Humans
Japan
Leukemia, Myeloid - etiology
Leukemia, Myeloid - genetics
Leukemias. Malignant lymphomas. Malignant reticulosis. Myelofibrosis
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Myelodysplastic Syndromes - etiology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes - genetics
Neoplasms, Second Primary - genetics
Point Mutation - genetics
Protein Binding - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
Radiation Dosage
Radioactive Fallout - adverse effects
Transcription Factor AP-2
Transcription Factors - genetics
Transcription Factors - metabolism
Transcription, Genetic
Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy
Title Implications of somatic mutations in the AML1 gene in radiation-associated and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-04-1010
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12393679
Volume 101
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