Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Egypt

Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Eg...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inScientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 4645 - 7
Main Authors Selim, Abdelfattah, Marzok, Mohamed, Gattan, Hattan S., Abdelhady, Abdelhamed, Salem, Mohamed, Hereba, Abdelrahman M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 26.02.2024
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/326/41
692/499
Abortion
Agglutination
Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - epidemiology
Cattle Diseases - microbiology
Dairy cattle
Dogs
Economic impact
Egypt
Egypt - epidemiology
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infections
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Leptospira
Leptospira spp
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis - epidemiology
Leptospirosis - microbiology
Leptospirosis - veterinary
Medical research
multidisciplinary
Pasture
Pregnancy
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Rodent control
Rodents
Sample size
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serology
Software
Statistical analysis
Urine
Variables
Veterinary colleges
Veterinary medicine
Egypt
spp
Serology
Cattle
Risk factors
Egypt
Leptospira spp
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Abstract Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and  the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
AbstractList Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and  the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and  the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
Abstract Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and  the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
ArticleNumber 4645
Author Marzok, Mohamed
Hereba, Abdelrahman M.
Selim, Abdelfattah
Gattan, Hattan S.
Abdelhady, Abdelhamed
Salem, Mohamed
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Abdelfattah
  surname: Selim
  fullname: Selim, Abdelfattah
  email: Abdelfattah.selim@fvtm.bu.edu.eg
  organization: Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Mohamed
  surname: Marzok
  fullname: Marzok, Mohamed
  email: mmarzok@kfu.edu.sa
  organization: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Hattan S.
  surname: Gattan
  fullname: Gattan, Hattan S.
  organization: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Abdelhamed
  surname: Abdelhady
  fullname: Abdelhady, Abdelhamed
  organization: Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Center
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Mohamed
  surname: Salem
  fullname: Salem, Mohamed
  organization: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Abdelrahman M.
  surname: Hereba
  fullname: Hereba, Abdelrahman M.
  organization: Department of Biomedical Physics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38409338$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNp9kk1v1DAQhi1UREvpH-CALHHhkuLPxD4hVLWl0kocWs6WY08WL1k72NmV-u9xm9IPDszBHtnPvB6N37foIKYICL2n5JQSrj4XQaVWDWGikUIp1ohX6IgRIRvGGTt4lh-ik1I2pIZkWlD9Bh1yJYjmXB2h1TXkNGXY2xGiA2yjx7aU5IKdweMcyi88WDenXPCQMu7TPkTAI0xzKlPIqYSCQ8Tn69tpfodeD3YscPKwH6MfF-c3Z9-a1ffLq7Ovq8YJzeZGt4wyL60U1Dkq6sqJUMNAWq573WpvhQTH-qGlrCeCdl0HlnAvGe8l5Z4fo6tF1ye7MVMOW5tvTbLB3B-kvDY2z8GNYIjWXHXQtl474amyNRjvnAAn6gxc1fqyaE27fgveQZyzHV-IvryJ4adZp72hROmOK1IVPj0o5PR7B2U221AcjKONkHbFMM2Z4B3ltKIf_0E3aZdjndUdRVXbVtFKfXje0mMvf3-tAmwBXJ1_yTA8IpSYO3eYxR2musPcu8OIWsSXolLhuIb89PZ_qv4ANnO7XQ
Cites_doi 10.3390/tropicalmed7110389
10.1111/tbed.12201
10.1002/9781118280249
10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101353
10.1371/journal.pntd.0007499
10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00830-2
10.1038/s41598-022-12817-x
10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.02.011
10.1136/vr.100490
10.4061/2011/408604
10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07833
10.1017/s0950268803001201
10.1038/s41598-021-93596-9
10.1136/vr.d4403
10.1590/0037-8682-0102-2015
10.3390/ijerph110706666
10.1186/s13071-021-04943-8
10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608
10.1007/s11250-020-02370-y
10.1016/j.ijid.2017.08.018
10.1007/s11250-022-03235-2
10.1089/vbz.2010.0153
10.1136/vr.107.13.307
10.1007/s10096-019-03797-4
10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.07.005
10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.032
10.26873/SVR-1716-2023
10.3390/agriculture12081151
10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.032
10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101699
10.3390/ani11020319
10.3389/fvets.2021.615310
10.1016/j.mimet.2010.10.021
10.1007/s11250-010-9698-8
10.1016/j.revmed.2018.12.003
10.14202/vetworld.2018.840-844
10.3855/jidc.13231
10.1017/s0950268811000276
10.7860/jcdr/2014/6593.3950
10.1007/s11250-011-9894-1
10.1007/s11250-020-02417-0
10.1155/2023/3784416
10.14737/journal.aavs/2016/4.2s.19.26
10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30532-6
10.1371/journal.pntd.0011199
10.3390/ijerph16112014
10.3390/dairy2020020
10.1016/j.jmii.2013.03.001
10.1017/s0950268812002981
10.1016/s0195-5616(03)00026-3
10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106261
10.1371/journal.pntd.0004405
10.1155/2021/6061685
10.1186/1746-6148-10-126
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2024
2024. The Author(s).
The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2024
– notice: 2024. The Author(s).
– notice: The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
3V.
7X7
7XB
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M2P
M7P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-54882-4
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest One Sustainability (subscription)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
Biological Science Collection (ProQuest)
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Biological Sciences
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni)
Medical Database
Science Database
Biological Science Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE - Academic

CrossRef
MEDLINE
Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: C6C
  name: Springer Nature OA Free Journals
  url: http://www.springeropen.com/
  sourceTypes: Publisher
– sequence: 2
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 3
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 4
  dbid: EIF
  name: MEDLINE
  url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 5
  dbid: BENPR
  name: ProQuest Central
  url: https://www.proquest.com/central
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
Veterinary Medicine
EISSN 2045-2322
EndPage 7
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_099387e66d9c4d18aaaa237c4ec4409c
PMC10897380
38409338
10_1038_s41598_024_54882_4
Genre Journal Article
GeographicLocations Egypt
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Egypt
GroupedDBID 0R~
3V.
4.4
53G
5VS
7X7
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AAKDD
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFS
ACSMW
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AJTQC
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
AZQEC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
DIK
DWQXO
EBD
EBLON
EBS
ESX
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0L
M1P
M2P
M48
M7P
M~E
NAO
OK1
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RNT
RNTTT
RPM
SNYQT
UKHRP
AASML
AAYXX
AFPKN
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7XB
8FK
AARCD
K9.
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c492t-96212d5a541cc1441c3048ff0639b969da45ec2bf612b041777ea03d523b513d3
IEDL.DBID M48
ISSN 2045-2322
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:29:39 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:35:07 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 11 09:41:11 EDT 2025
Wed Aug 13 11:11:27 EDT 2025
Wed Feb 19 02:11:54 EST 2025
Tue Jul 01 00:51:29 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:38:00 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords spp
Serology
Cattle
Risk factors
Egypt
Leptospira spp
Language English
License 2024. The Author(s).
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c492t-96212d5a541cc1441c3048ff0639b969da45ec2bf612b041777ea03d523b513d3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink http://journals.scholarsportal.info/openUrl.xqy?doi=10.1038/s41598-024-54882-4
PMID 38409338
PQID 2931866089
PQPubID 2041939
PageCount 7
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_099387e66d9c4d18aaaa237c4ec4409c
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_10897380
proquest_miscellaneous_2932437131
proquest_journals_2931866089
pubmed_primary_38409338
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_54882_4
springer_journals_10_1038_s41598_024_54882_4
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2024-02-26
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2024-02-26
PublicationDate_xml – month: 02
  year: 2024
  text: 2024-02-26
  day: 26
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: England
PublicationTitle Scientific reports
PublicationTitleAbbrev Sci Rep
PublicationTitleAlternate Sci Rep
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group UK
– name: Nature Publishing Group
– name: Nature Portfolio
References Selim, Khater, Almohammed (CR31) 2021; 11
Langston, Heuter (CR4) 2003; 33
Selim, Manaa, Khater (CR32) 2021; 79
Hernández-Rodríguez, Díaz, Dalmau, Quintero (CR18) 2011; 84
Chiebao (CR14) 2015; 62
Orjuela, Parra-Arango, Sarmiento-Rubiano (CR60) 2022; 54
Schafbauer (CR20) 2019
Desa, Deneke, Begna, Tolosa (CR45) 2021; 2021
Higgins, Harbourne, Little, Stevens (CR59) 1980; 107
Dogonyaro (CR9) 2020; 52
Salgado, Otto, Sandoval, Reinhardt, Boqvist (CR38) 2014; 10
Leal-Castellanos, García-Suárez, González-Figueroa, Fuentes-Allen, Escobedo-de la Peñal (CR22) 2003; 131
Sohm (CR8) 2023; 17
Le Turnier, Epelboin (CR7) 2019; 40
Selim, Abdelhady (CR46) 2020; 52
Lau (CR12) 2016; 10
Talebkhan Garoussi, Mehravaran, Abdollahpour, Khoshnegah (CR15) 2015; 6
Selim (CR47) 2022; 12
Benseghir, Amara-Korba, Azzag, Hezil, Ghalmi (CR58) 2020; 21
Czopowicz (CR36) 2011; 169
de Faria (CR23) 2008; 108
Ribeiro (CR62) 2017; 64
Gelalcha, Robi, Deressa (CR10) 2021; 7
Motto (CR42) 2023; 17
dos Santos (CR44) 2012; 44
Marzok, Hereba, Selim (CR52) 2023; 60
Belmaker (CR6) 2004; 6
Otaka (CR19) 2012; 170
Selim, Manaa, Alanazi, Alyousif (CR33) 2021; 11
Samir, Soliman, El-Hariri, Abdel-Moein, Hatem (CR24) 2015; 48
Pham, Tran (CR2) 2022
Musso, La Scola (CR16) 2013; 46
Fávero (CR49) 2017; 107
Parvez, Prodhan, Rahman, Faruque (CR53) 2015; 35
Suepaul, Carrington, Campbell, Borde, Adesiyun (CR51) 2011; 43
Joel, Maribel, Beatriz, Oscar (CR37) 2011; 2011
Veena (CR54) 2016; 4
Martins, Penna, Lilenbaum (CR11) 2012; 140
Ijaz (CR55) 2018; 177
El-Deeb (CR25) 2022; 12
Bharti (CR13) 2003; 3
Rypuła (CR41) 2014; 127
Muñoz-Zanzi, Mason, Encina, Astroza, Romero (CR5) 2014; 11
Selim, Almohammed, Abdelhady, Alouffi, Alshammari (CR29) 2021; 14
Hegazy (CR56) 2021; 15
Leahy (CR40) 2021; 2
Suwancharoen, Chaisakdanugull, Thanapongtharm, Yoshida (CR57) 2013; 141
Budihal, Perwez (CR17) 2014; 8
Ahmad, Shah, Ahmad (CR21) 2005; 51
CR27
Pratt, Rajeev (CR50) 2018; 182
Alemayehu (CR3) 2021; 8
Karpagam, Ganesh (CR1) 2020; 39
Thrusfield (CR26) 2018
Selim, Abdelrahman, Thiéry, Sidi-Boumedine (CR28) 2019; 67
Gamage (CR43) 2011; 11
Harran (CR34) 2023; 2023
Selim, Attia, Alsubki, Kimiko, Sayed-Ahmed (CR30) 2022; 226
Daud (CR35) 2018; 11
Boey, Shiokawa, Rajeev (CR61) 2019; 13
Ellis (CR48) 1994; 10
Natarajaseenivasan (CR39) 2011; 42
KB Karpagam (54882_CR1) 2020; 39
H Benseghir (54882_CR58) 2020; 21
AG Orjuela (54882_CR60) 2022; 54
W El-Deeb (54882_CR25) 2022; 12
G Martins (54882_CR11) 2012; 140
K Boey (54882_CR61) 2019; 13
DP Chiebao (54882_CR14) 2015; 62
JF Fávero (54882_CR49) 2017; 107
K Natarajaseenivasan (54882_CR39) 2011; 42
N Pratt (54882_CR50) 2018; 182
A Selim (54882_CR46) 2020; 52
BB Dogonyaro (54882_CR9) 2020; 52
MT de Faria (54882_CR23) 2008; 108
CL Lau (54882_CR12) 2016; 10
M Marzok (54882_CR52) 2023; 60
A Selim (54882_CR31) 2021; 11
K Rypuła (54882_CR41) 2014; 127
RJ Higgins (54882_CR59) 1980; 107
P Hernández-Rodríguez (54882_CR18) 2011; 84
G Desa (54882_CR45) 2021; 2021
SM Suepaul (54882_CR51) 2011; 43
M Thrusfield (54882_CR26) 2018
A Selim (54882_CR47) 2022; 12
Y Hegazy (54882_CR56) 2021; 15
P Le Turnier (54882_CR7) 2019; 40
D Suwancharoen (54882_CR57) 2013; 141
E Leahy (54882_CR40) 2021; 2
I Belmaker (54882_CR6) 2004; 6
A Daud (54882_CR35) 2018; 11
S Veena (54882_CR54) 2016; 4
CB Leal-Castellanos (54882_CR22) 2003; 131
A Samir (54882_CR24) 2015; 48
M Ijaz (54882_CR55) 2018; 177
JP dos Santos (54882_CR44) 2012; 44
A Selim (54882_CR29) 2021; 14
E Harran (54882_CR34) 2023; 2023
A Selim (54882_CR33) 2021; 11
SK Motto (54882_CR42) 2023; 17
MA Parvez (54882_CR53) 2015; 35
SN Ahmad (54882_CR21) 2005; 51
A Selim (54882_CR28) 2019; 67
M Czopowicz (54882_CR36) 2011; 169
NE Joel (54882_CR37) 2011; 2011
BD Gelalcha (54882_CR10) 2021; 7
AR Bharti (54882_CR13) 2003; 3
C Sohm (54882_CR8) 2023; 17
M Salgado (54882_CR38) 2014; 10
A Selim (54882_CR30) 2022; 226
HT Pham (54882_CR2) 2022
54882_CR27
CD Gamage (54882_CR43) 2011; 11
G Alemayehu (54882_CR3) 2021; 8
A Selim (54882_CR32) 2021; 79
WA Ellis (54882_CR48) 1994; 10
C Muñoz-Zanzi (54882_CR5) 2014; 11
SV Budihal (54882_CR17) 2014; 8
T Schafbauer (54882_CR20) 2019
DY Otaka (54882_CR19) 2012; 170
D Musso (54882_CR16) 2013; 46
P Ribeiro (54882_CR62) 2017; 64
CE Langston (54882_CR4) 2003; 33
M Talebkhan Garoussi (54882_CR15) 2015; 6
References_xml – year: 2022
  ident: CR2
  article-title: One health: An effective and ethical approach to leptospirosis control in Australia
  publication-title: Trop. Med. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110389
– volume: 62
  start-page: e30
  year: 2015
  end-page: 36
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Variables associated with infections of cattle by Brucella abortus., spp. and spp. in Amazon Region in Brazil
  publication-title: Transboundary Emerg. Dis.
  doi: 10.1111/tbed.12201
– year: 2018
  ident: CR26
  publication-title: Veterinary Epidemiology
  doi: 10.1002/9781118280249
– volume: 42
  start-page: 679
  year: 2011
  end-page: 686
  ident: CR39
  article-title: Seroprevalence of serovar javanica infection among dairy cattle, rats and humans in the Cauvery river valley of southern India
  publication-title: Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health
– volume: 67
  year: 2019
  ident: CR28
  article-title: Molecular typing of Coxiella burnetii from sheep in Egypt
  publication-title: Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101353
– volume: 13
  year: 2019
  ident: CR61
  article-title: infection in rats: A literature review of global prevalence and distribution
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007499
– volume: 6
  start-page: 24
  year: 2004
  end-page: 27
  ident: CR6
  article-title: Risk of transmission of leptospirosis from infected cattle to dairy workers in southern Israel
  publication-title: Israel Med. Assoc. J. IMAJ
– volume: 3
  start-page: 757
  year: 2003
  end-page: 771
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Leptospirosis: A zoonotic disease of global importance
  publication-title: Lancet. Infect. Dis
  doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00830-2
– volume: 12
  start-page: 8933
  year: 2022
  ident: CR47
  article-title: Prevalence and animal level risk factors associated with infection in dromedary camels
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12817-x
– volume: 182
  start-page: 34
  year: 2018
  end-page: 42
  ident: CR50
  article-title: seroprevalence in animals in the Caribbean region: A systematic review
  publication-title: Acta Tropica
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.02.011
– volume: 170
  start-page: 338
  year: 2012
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Serology and PCR for bovine leptospirosis: Herd and individual approaches
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.100490
– volume: 2011
  year: 2011
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Leptospirosis Prevalence in a Population of Yucatan, Mexico
  publication-title: J. Pathogens
  doi: 10.4061/2011/408604
– volume: 7
  year: 2021
  ident: CR10
  article-title: A participatory epidemiological investigation of causes of cattle abortion in Jimma zone, Ethiopia
  publication-title: Heliyon
  doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07833
– volume: 131
  start-page: 1149
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1156
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Risk factors and the prevalence of leptospirosis infection in a rural community of Chiapas, Mexico
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268803001201
– volume: 11
  start-page: 14043
  year: 2021
  ident: CR31
  article-title: A recent update about seroprevalence of ovine neosporosis in Northern Egypt and its associated risk factors
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93596-9
– volume: 169
  start-page: 230
  year: 2011
  ident: CR36
  article-title: Leptospiral antibodies in the breeding goat population of Poland
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.d4403
– volume: 48
  start-page: 272
  year: 2015
  end-page: 277
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Leptospirosis in animals and human contacts in Egypt: Broad range surveillance
  publication-title: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
  doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0102-2015
– volume: 11
  start-page: 6666
  year: 2014
  end-page: 6680
  ident: CR5
  article-title: contamination in household and environmental water in rural communities in southern Chile
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
  doi: 10.3390/ijerph110706666
– volume: 14
  start-page: 429
  year: 2021
  ident: CR29
  article-title: Molecular detection and risk factors for infection in dogs from Egypt
  publication-title: Parasites & vectors
  doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04943-8
– volume: 35
  start-page: 350
  year: 2015
  end-page: 354
  ident: CR53
  article-title: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of serovar Hardjo in dairy cattle of Chittagong, Bangladesh
  publication-title: Pak. Vet. J.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 100608
  year: 2023
  ident: CR8
  article-title: A systematic review on leptospirosis in cattle: A European perspective
  publication-title: One Health
  doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608
– volume: 52
  start-page: 3381
  year: 2020
  end-page: 3385
  ident: CR46
  article-title: Neosporosis among Egyptian camels and its associated risk factors
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02370-y
– volume: 64
  start-page: 50
  year: 2017
  end-page: 57
  ident: CR62
  article-title: Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis among febrile patients in a rapidly growing suburban slum and a flood-vulnerable rural district in Mozambique, 2012–2014: Implications for the management of fever
  publication-title: Int. J. Infect. Dis. IJID Off. Publ. Int. Soc. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.08.018
– volume: 127
  start-page: 247
  year: 2014
  end-page: 250
  ident: CR41
  article-title: Prevalence of antibodies to in bulk tank milk from unvaccinated dairy herds in the south-west region of Poland
  publication-title: Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift
– volume: 21
  start-page: 185
  year: 2020
  end-page: 191
  ident: CR58
  article-title: Seroprevalence of and associated risk factors for serovar Hardjo infection of cattle in Setif, Algeria
  publication-title: Afr. J. Clin. Exp. Microbiol.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 251
  year: 2022
  ident: CR60
  article-title: Bovine leptospirosis: Effects on reproduction and an approach to research in Colombia
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03235-2
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1041
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1047
  ident: CR43
  article-title: Prevalence and carrier status of leptospirosis in smallholder dairy cattle and peridomestic rodents in Kandy, Sri Lanka
  publication-title: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis.
  doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0153
– volume: 107
  start-page: 307
  year: 1980
  end-page: 310
  ident: CR59
  article-title: Mastitis and abortion in dairy cattle associated with of the serotype hardjo
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.107.13.307
– volume: 39
  start-page: 835
  year: 2020
  end-page: 846
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Leptospirosis: A neglected tropical zoonotic infection of public health importance-an updated review
  publication-title: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Eur. Soc. Clin. Microbiol.
  doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03797-4
– volume: 108
  start-page: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 5
  ident: CR23
  article-title: Carriage of interrogans among domestic rats from an urban setting highly endemic for leptospirosis in Brazil
  publication-title: Acta Trop.
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.07.005
– volume: 107
  start-page: 149
  year: 2017
  end-page: 154
  ident: CR49
  article-title: Bovine leptospirosis: Prevalence, associated risk factors for infection and their cause-effect relation
  publication-title: Microbial Pathogenesis
  doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.032
– volume: 60
  start-page: 95
  year: 2023
  end-page: 103
  ident: CR52
  article-title: Equine leptospirosis in Egypt: Seroprevalence and risk factors
  publication-title: Slovenian Vet. Res.
  doi: 10.26873/SVR-1716-2023
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1151
  year: 2022
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Assessment of the immune response of clinically infected calves to Cryptosporidium parvum infection
  publication-title: Agriculture
  doi: 10.3390/agriculture12081151
– volume: 177
  start-page: 51
  year: 2018
  end-page: 57
  ident: CR55
  article-title: Sero-epidemiology and hemato-biochemical study of bovine leptospirosis in flood affected zone of Pakistan
  publication-title: Acta Trop
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.032
– volume: 79
  year: 2021
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease in Egypt
  publication-title: Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101699
– volume: 11
  start-page: 319
  year: 2021
  ident: CR33
  article-title: Seroprevalence, risk factors and molecular identification of bovine leukemia virus in Egyptian cattle
  publication-title: Animals
  doi: 10.3390/ani11020319
– volume: 8
  year: 2021
  ident: CR3
  article-title: Causes and flock level risk factors of sheep and goat abortion in three agroecology zones in Ethiopia
  publication-title: Front. Vet. Sci.
  doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.615310
– volume: 84
  start-page: 1
  year: 2011
  end-page: 7
  ident: CR18
  article-title: A comparison between polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and traditional techniques for the diagnosis of leptospirosis in bovines
  publication-title: J. Microbiol. Methods
  doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.10.021
– ident: CR27
– volume: 43
  start-page: 367
  year: 2011
  end-page: 375
  ident: CR51
  article-title: Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in livestock in Trinidad
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9698-8
– volume: 40
  start-page: 306
  year: 2019
  end-page: 312
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Update on leptospirosis
  publication-title: La Revue de medecine interne
  doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.12.003
– volume: 11
  start-page: 840
  year: 2018
  end-page: 844
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Leptospirosis seropositivity and its serovars among cattle in Northeastern Malaysia
  publication-title: Vet. World
  doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.840-844
– volume: 15
  start-page: 704
  year: 2021
  end-page: 709
  ident: CR56
  article-title: Leptospirosis as a neglected burden at human-cattle interface in Mid-Delta of Egypt
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dev. Countries
  doi: 10.3855/jidc.13231
– volume: 140
  start-page: 207
  year: 2012
  end-page: 208
  ident: CR11
  article-title: The dog in the transmission of human leptospirosis under tropical conditions: Victim or villain?
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268811000276
– volume: 8
  start-page: 199
  year: 2014
  end-page: 202
  ident: CR17
  article-title: Leptospirosis diagnosis: Competancy of various laboratory tests
  publication-title: J. Clin. Diagn. Res. JCDR
  doi: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/6593.3950
– volume: 44
  start-page: 101
  year: 2012
  end-page: 106
  ident: CR44
  article-title: Seroprevalence and risk factors for Leptospirosis in goats in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9894-1
– volume: 52
  start-page: 3789
  year: 2020
  end-page: 3798
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Seroepidemiology of infection in slaughtered cattle in Gauteng province, South Africa
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02417-0
– volume: 2023
  start-page: 3784416
  year: 2023
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Molecular and Serological Identification of Pathogenic Leptospira in Local and Imported Cattle from Lebanon
  publication-title: Transboundary Emerg. Dis.
  doi: 10.1155/2023/3784416
– volume: 4
  start-page: 19
  year: 2016
  end-page: 26
  ident: CR54
  article-title: Investigation on the Distribution of Leptospira Serovars and its Prevalence in Bovine in Konkan Region, Maharashtra, India
  publication-title: Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.
  doi: 10.14737/journal.aavs/2016/4.2s.19.26
– volume: 10
  start-page: 463
  year: 1994
  end-page: 478
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Leptospirosis as a cause of reproductive failure
  publication-title: Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract.
  doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30532-6
– volume: 17
  year: 2023
  ident: CR42
  article-title: Seroepidemiology of serovar Hardjo and associated risk factors in smallholder dairy cattle in Tanzania
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011199
– year: 2019
  ident: CR20
  article-title: Seroprevalence of spp. infection in cattle from central and Northern Madagascar
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
  doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112014
– volume: 2
  start-page: 231
  year: 2021
  end-page: 241
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Serovar Hardjo Seroprevalence and Farming Practices on Small-Scale Dairy Farms in North Eastern India; Insights Gained from a Cross-Sectional Study
  publication-title: Dairy
  doi: 10.3390/dairy2020020
– volume: 46
  start-page: 245
  year: 2013
  end-page: 252
  ident: CR16
  article-title: Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis: A challenge
  publication-title: J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.03.001
– volume: 141
  start-page: 2269
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2277
  ident: CR57
  article-title: Serological survey of leptospirosis in livestock in Thailand
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268812002981
– volume: 33
  start-page: 791
  year: 2003
  end-page: 807
  ident: CR4
  article-title: Leptospirosis: A re-emerging zoonotic disease
  publication-title: Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract.
  doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(03)00026-3
– volume: 226
  start-page: 106261
  year: 2022
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Cross-sectional survey on Subsp. in dromedary camels: Seroprevalence and risk factors
  publication-title: Acta Tropica
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106261
– volume: 10
  year: 2016
  ident: CR12
  article-title: Human leptospirosis infection in Fiji: An eco-epidemiological approach to identifying risk factors and environmental drivers for transmission
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004405
– volume: 6
  start-page: 301
  year: 2015
  end-page: 304
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in feline population in urban and dairy cattle herds in Mashhad, Iran
  publication-title: Vet. Res. Forum : Int. Q. J.
– volume: 51
  start-page: 195
  year: 2005
  end-page: 200
  ident: CR21
  article-title: Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis
  publication-title: J. Postgrad. Med.
– volume: 2021
  start-page: 6061685
  year: 2021
  ident: CR45
  article-title: Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Serogroup Sejroe Serovar Hardjo in Dairy Farms in and around Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia
  publication-title: Vet. Med. Int.
  doi: 10.1155/2021/6061685
– volume: 10
  start-page: 126
  year: 2014
  ident: CR38
  article-title: A cross sectional observational study to estimate herd level risk factors for spp. serovars in small holder dairy cattle farms in southern Chile
  publication-title: BMC Vet. Res.
  doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-126
– volume: 4
  start-page: 19
  year: 2016
  ident: 54882_CR54
  publication-title: Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.
  doi: 10.14737/journal.aavs/2016/4.2s.19.26
– volume: 2011
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR37
  publication-title: J. Pathogens
  doi: 10.4061/2011/408604
– volume: 141
  start-page: 2269
  year: 2013
  ident: 54882_CR57
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268812002981
– volume: 11
  start-page: 6666
  year: 2014
  ident: 54882_CR5
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
  doi: 10.3390/ijerph110706666
– volume: 170
  start-page: 338
  year: 2012
  ident: 54882_CR19
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.100490
– volume: 108
  start-page: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 54882_CR23
  publication-title: Acta Trop.
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.07.005
– volume: 64
  start-page: 50
  year: 2017
  ident: 54882_CR62
  publication-title: Int. J. Infect. Dis. IJID Off. Publ. Int. Soc. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.08.018
– volume: 54
  start-page: 251
  year: 2022
  ident: 54882_CR60
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03235-2
– volume: 51
  start-page: 195
  year: 2005
  ident: 54882_CR21
  publication-title: J. Postgrad. Med.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 100608
  year: 2023
  ident: 54882_CR8
  publication-title: One Health
  doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100608
– volume: 10
  start-page: 126
  year: 2014
  ident: 54882_CR38
  publication-title: BMC Vet. Res.
  doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-126
– volume: 2023
  start-page: 3784416
  year: 2023
  ident: 54882_CR34
  publication-title: Transboundary Emerg. Dis.
  doi: 10.1155/2023/3784416
– volume: 10
  start-page: 463
  year: 1994
  ident: 54882_CR48
  publication-title: Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract.
  doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30532-6
– volume: 3
  start-page: 757
  year: 2003
  ident: 54882_CR13
  publication-title: Lancet. Infect. Dis
  doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00830-2
– volume: 2
  start-page: 231
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR40
  publication-title: Dairy
  doi: 10.3390/dairy2020020
– volume: 52
  start-page: 3381
  year: 2020
  ident: 54882_CR46
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02370-y
– volume: 107
  start-page: 149
  year: 2017
  ident: 54882_CR49
  publication-title: Microbial Pathogenesis
  doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.032
– volume: 7
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR10
  publication-title: Heliyon
  doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07833
– volume: 35
  start-page: 350
  year: 2015
  ident: 54882_CR53
  publication-title: Pak. Vet. J.
– volume: 33
  start-page: 791
  year: 2003
  ident: 54882_CR4
  publication-title: Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract.
  doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(03)00026-3
– volume: 62
  start-page: e30
  year: 2015
  ident: 54882_CR14
  publication-title: Transboundary Emerg. Dis.
  doi: 10.1111/tbed.12201
– volume: 107
  start-page: 307
  year: 1980
  ident: 54882_CR59
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.107.13.307
– volume: 169
  start-page: 230
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR36
  publication-title: Vet. Rec.
  doi: 10.1136/vr.d4403
– volume: 17
  year: 2023
  ident: 54882_CR42
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011199
– volume: 44
  start-page: 101
  year: 2012
  ident: 54882_CR44
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-011-9894-1
– volume: 84
  start-page: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR18
  publication-title: J. Microbiol. Methods
  doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2010.10.021
– volume: 60
  start-page: 95
  year: 2023
  ident: 54882_CR52
  publication-title: Slovenian Vet. Res.
  doi: 10.26873/SVR-1716-2023
– volume: 226
  start-page: 106261
  year: 2022
  ident: 54882_CR30
  publication-title: Acta Tropica
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106261
– volume: 6
  start-page: 24
  year: 2004
  ident: 54882_CR6
  publication-title: Israel Med. Assoc. J. IMAJ
– volume: 140
  start-page: 207
  year: 2012
  ident: 54882_CR11
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268811000276
– volume: 12
  start-page: 1151
  year: 2022
  ident: 54882_CR25
  publication-title: Agriculture
  doi: 10.3390/agriculture12081151
– volume: 11
  start-page: 840
  year: 2018
  ident: 54882_CR35
  publication-title: Vet. World
  doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.840-844
– volume: 10
  year: 2016
  ident: 54882_CR12
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004405
– volume: 2021
  start-page: 6061685
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR45
  publication-title: Vet. Med. Int.
  doi: 10.1155/2021/6061685
– volume: 8
  start-page: 199
  year: 2014
  ident: 54882_CR17
  publication-title: J. Clin. Diagn. Res. JCDR
  doi: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/6593.3950
– volume: 21
  start-page: 185
  year: 2020
  ident: 54882_CR58
  publication-title: Afr. J. Clin. Exp. Microbiol.
– ident: 54882_CR27
– volume: 8
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR3
  publication-title: Front. Vet. Sci.
  doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.615310
– year: 2019
  ident: 54882_CR20
  publication-title: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
  doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112014
– volume: 11
  start-page: 14043
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR31
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93596-9
– volume: 52
  start-page: 3789
  year: 2020
  ident: 54882_CR9
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02417-0
– volume: 43
  start-page: 367
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR51
  publication-title: Trop. Anim. Health Prod.
  doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9698-8
– volume: 182
  start-page: 34
  year: 2018
  ident: 54882_CR50
  publication-title: Acta Tropica
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.02.011
– volume: 11
  start-page: 319
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR33
  publication-title: Animals
  doi: 10.3390/ani11020319
– volume: 177
  start-page: 51
  year: 2018
  ident: 54882_CR55
  publication-title: Acta Trop
  doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.032
– volume-title: Veterinary Epidemiology
  year: 2018
  ident: 54882_CR26
  doi: 10.1002/9781118280249
– volume: 67
  year: 2019
  ident: 54882_CR28
  publication-title: Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101353
– volume: 14
  start-page: 429
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR29
  publication-title: Parasites & vectors
  doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04943-8
– year: 2022
  ident: 54882_CR2
  publication-title: Trop. Med. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110389
– volume: 40
  start-page: 306
  year: 2019
  ident: 54882_CR7
  publication-title: La Revue de medecine interne
  doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.12.003
– volume: 15
  start-page: 704
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR56
  publication-title: J. Infect. Dev. Countries
  doi: 10.3855/jidc.13231
– volume: 6
  start-page: 301
  year: 2015
  ident: 54882_CR15
  publication-title: Vet. Res. Forum : Int. Q. J.
– volume: 13
  year: 2019
  ident: 54882_CR61
  publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007499
– volume: 79
  year: 2021
  ident: 54882_CR32
  publication-title: Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.
  doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101699
– volume: 42
  start-page: 679
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR39
  publication-title: Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health
– volume: 131
  start-page: 1149
  year: 2003
  ident: 54882_CR22
  publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1017/s0950268803001201
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1041
  year: 2011
  ident: 54882_CR43
  publication-title: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis.
  doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0153
– volume: 127
  start-page: 247
  year: 2014
  ident: 54882_CR41
  publication-title: Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift
– volume: 39
  start-page: 835
  year: 2020
  ident: 54882_CR1
  publication-title: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Eur. Soc. Clin. Microbiol.
  doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03797-4
– volume: 46
  start-page: 245
  year: 2013
  ident: 54882_CR16
  publication-title: J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2013.03.001
– volume: 12
  start-page: 8933
  year: 2022
  ident: 54882_CR47
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12817-x
– volume: 48
  start-page: 272
  year: 2015
  ident: 54882_CR24
  publication-title: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
  doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0102-2015
SSID ssj0000529419
Score 2.4232578
Snippet Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic...
Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic...
Abstract Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 4645
SubjectTerms 631/326/41
692/499
Abortion
Agglutination
Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - epidemiology
Cattle Diseases - microbiology
Dairy cattle
Dogs
Economic impact
Egypt
Egypt - epidemiology
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infections
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Leptospira
Leptospira spp
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis - epidemiology
Leptospirosis - microbiology
Leptospirosis - veterinary
Medical research
multidisciplinary
Pasture
Pregnancy
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Rodent control
Rodents
Sample size
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serology
Software
Statistical analysis
Urine
Variables
Veterinary colleges
Veterinary medicine
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1La9tAEB6KIdBL6SuNUrdsobdUWKtdSbvHNtiE0vZUg2_LvkwMRTaxfMi_z8xKduM0pZfqpgdo-GZH84129xuAj7zwhfDe59KrIpdahNwGV-fLSFIseK7SP93vP-qrufy6qBb3Wn3RmrBeHrgHboIMRqgm1nXQXgauLB6laLyMXmJt4unriznvXjHVq3qXWnI97JIphJpsMVPRbrJS5kjSkVbKo0yUBPsfY5l_LpZ8MGOaEtHsOTwbGCT73Fv-Ap7E9iWc9D0lb1_BN4x-6myCI4iCltk2MDv4IAZGS8nZ0GSHIWFljn4pRPYrbjpqIYKmrrZs1bIp9Sd7DfPZ9OflVT60TMi91GWX6xpTUahsJbn3VCt5gSG6XBIRcYh-sLKKvnRLJDaukLxpmmgLEbAcdRUXQZzCqF238QyYQ6ahtK2tJok8hNDhYV0TnLJlU4cMLvbwmU2vjGHSjLZQpgfbINgmgW1kBl8I4cOTpGqdLqCvzeBr8y9fZzDe-8cMobY1yFdItK9QOoMPh9sYJDTzYdu43qVnSHiRC57Bm96dB0sElbhYqGegjhx9ZOrxnXZ1nYS4Ob60wdGcwaf9mPht19-xOP8fWLyFpyUNZtpdX49h1N3s4jvkR517n0LhDnppCx8
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  dbid: 7X7
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwEB5BKyQuiC6vQIuMxA2sxrETOycEqFVVUU4U7c3ya2GlKrt0twf-PTOOd6vllVs2kdbxN-P5ZsaeAXgt6lDLEAJXwdRc9TJyF33HZ4lKseC9yTHdi8_d2aU6n7bTEnBblW2VmzUxL9RxEShGfoxmiWqz1aZ_t_zBqWsUZVdLC427sE-ly0iq9VRvYyyUxVKiL2dlammOV2iv6ExZozhSdSSXasce5bL9f-Oaf26Z_C1vms3R6UN4UHgkez8CfwB30jCBe2NnyZ8TmHylbS75rC27KOnzR_AJVwbqeoLSRQrN3BCZK_ikyGibOSsNeBiSWeYp3JDYVVquqb0IfsB8xeYDO6HeZY_h8vTky8czXtop8KD6Zs37Ds1UbF2rRAjkRwWJ6jubEUnxiEx0qk2h8TMkPb5WQmudXC0juqq-FTLKJ7A3LIb0DJhHFmJ617meyufhxHq8nNfRG9foLlbwZjOpdjlWzbA52y2NHSGwCIHNEFhVwQea9-2bVPE6_7C4_maLAllkstLo1HWxDyoK4_BqpA4qBYU-aqjgcIOaLWq4srdCU8Gr7WNUIMqKuCEtbvI7VJRRSFHB0xHk7Ugkub_oxFdgduDfGeruk2H-PRfpFvinGiW9grcbSbkd17_n4vn_P-MF3G9IeOlMfXcIe-vrm3SErGjtX2bR_wVmaQoe
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
– databaseName: Springer Nature HAS Fully OA
  dbid: AAJSJ
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV1LT9wwEB5RUKVeEK-W8JIrcYOocewkznFBILQCLgWJm-XXtiuh7IpdDvx7Zpxk0VJ6ILdsHO3o80z8jR_fABzzzGXCOZdKp7JU1sKnxtsyHQWSYsF7Fed0b27Lq3s5fCgeViDvz8LETftR0jJ-pvvdYb9mONDQYbBcpsixkRXKL7BGUu3o22uDwfD3cDGzQmtXktfdCZlMqA9eXhqFolj_Rwzz342S71ZL4yB0uQHrHXtkg9beTVgJzRZ8betJvmzDNUY-VTVB76GAZabxzHT4B89oGznrCuwwJKvM0nRCYI9hOqfyIWjqeMbGDbug2mQ7cH95cXd-lXblElIn63ye1iUOQ74wheTOUZ7kBIbnaEQkxCLy3sgiuNyOkNTYTPKqqoLJhMdU1BZcePEdVptJE3aBWWQZqjalqUkeDyG0eBlbeatMXpU-gZMePj1tVTF0XM0WSrdgawRbR7C1TOCMEF60JEXr-MPk6Y_uelgjUxWqCmXpayc9VwavXFROBicxB3UJHPT9o7swm2nkKiTYl6k6gZ-LxxggtOphmjB5jm1IdJELnsCPtjsXlghKbzFJT0AtdfSSqctPmvHfKMLN8U8r9OQETnufeLPr_1jsfa75PnzLyW3pDH15AKvzp-dwiCxobo86t38FEngBuA
  priority: 102
  providerName: Springer Nature
Title Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Egypt
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-024-54882-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38409338
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2931866089
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2932437131
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10897380
https://doaj.org/article/099387e66d9c4d18aaaa237c4ec4409c
Volume 14
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3di9NAEB_uA-VexG-jZ1nBN40m2W128yDSKz2O4h2iFvq27Fe1cKRn2wPvv3dmk1Sr9cW8lCYpWX4z0_ntbmZ-AC_zzGXcOZcKp7JUVNynxtsynQVqxYLfVVzTPb8ozyZiPO1P96CTO2oBXO2c2pGe1GR5-ebH95v3GPDvmpJx9XaFSYgKxQqRIv9Gxij24RAzkyRFg_OW7je9votK5FVbO7P7p0dwm9Okh1PFym-pKnb030VD_36b8o8t1ZipTu_CnZZiskHjE_dgL9T34VYjOnnzAD7g3wNJn6CLUVQzU3tmWiMFz-hdc9aq8DBktMzSmkNgl-FqTRojONT5is1rNiIBs4cwOR19GZ6lraZC6kRVrNOqxFzl-6YvcudoMuU4xvBsRkzFonm8Ef3gCjtD5mMzxFDKYDLucb5q-zn3_BEc1Is6PAFmkYqoypSmoh56iKbFw1jprTKFLH0Crzr49FXTOkPHLW-udIO7Rtx1xF2LBE4I4c2d1PY6nlgsv-o2ijTSWa5kKEtfOeFzZfAouHQiOIE2cwkcd_bRnStpJDTU1S9TVQIvNpcximhrxNRhcR3voc6MOc8TeNyYczOSzh0SUFuG3hrq9pV6_i126s7xoRLdPYHXnU_8Gte_sXj6_096BkcFeTMV3ZfHcLBeXofnSJvWtgf7cip7cDgYjD-P8fNkdPHxE54dlsNeXIroxWj5CXjAGR8
linkProvider Scholars Portal
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9NAEB6VIgQXBOFlKLBIcAKrtnftXR8Q4tEqpUlPLcpt2VcgEnJCkwr1T_EbmVnbqcLrVt8SW8l63rOzMx_A8zxzGXfOpcKpLBU196nxtkqngUax4GcV93THR9XwRHyclJMt-Nn3wtCxyt4mRkPt5472yHfRLdFstkzVbxbfU0KNoupqD6HRisVhOP-BKdvy9cEH5O-LotjfO34_TDtUgdSJulildYXW2pemFLlzlE44zOjVdEq-2uICvRFlcIWdou-3mcillMFk3GPGZsuce46_ewWuouPNKNmTE7ne06Gqmcjrrjcn42p3if6RetgKkWJqgMGs2PB_ESbgb7Htn0c0f6vTRve3fwtudnEre9sK2m3YCs0ArrVIlucDGHyiYzWxt5eNu3L9HRihJSKUFZRmMiDMNJ6ZTh6CZ3SsnXWAPwyDZ2ZpeyOwb2GxIjgTfIHZks0atkdYaXfh5FIIfQ-2m3kTHgCzGPWo2lSmpnF9SFiLl7HSW2UKWfkEXvZE1Yt2SoeO1XWudMsCjSzQkQVaJPCO6L5-kiZsxy_mp190p7AaI2euZKgqXzvhc2XwKrh0IjiBObFLYKfnmu7UfqkvhDSBZ-vbqLBUhTFNmJ_FZ2gIZM7zBO63TF6vhFO6zblKQG2wf2Opm3ea2dc4FDzHP5WoWQm86iXlYl3_psXD_7_GU7g-PB6P9Ojg6PAR3ChIkKmfv9qB7dXpWXiMEdnKPolqwODzZevdL1Q4RRM
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtR3JbtNA9KmkAnFBEDZDgUGCE1ixPRN7fECI0kQtbaMKUdTbdDZDJOSEJhXqr_F1vDe2U4XtVt-8yB6__c3bAF6kiU24tTYWViaxKLmLtTN5XHlqxYLnMuzpHk7y3WPx4WR4sgE_u1oYSqvsZGIQ1G5maY98gGqJerMlshxUbVrE0c747fx7TBOkKNLajdNoSGTfX_xA923xZm8Hcf0yy8ajT-9343bCQGxFmS3jMkfJ7YZ6KFJrybWw6N3LqiK9bXCxTouht5mp0A4wiUiLovA64Q69NzNMueP43muwWZBX1IPN7dHk6ONqh4diaCIt20qdhMvBArUlVbRlIkZHAU1bsaYNw9CAv1m6fyZs_ha1DcpwfBtutVYse9eQ3R3Y8HUfrjdzLS_60P9MSTah0pcdtsH7u3CAcolmriBtkzhhunZMt9ThHaMkd9aO_2FoSjNDmx2effPzJQ03wR-YLti0ZiOanHYPjq8E1PehV89q_xCYQRtIljrXJTXvQ8AaPLQpnJE6K3IXwasOqGre9OxQIdbOpWpQoBAFKqBAiQi2Ce6rJ6nfdrgwO_uiWvZVaEdzWfg8d6UVLpUaj4wXVngr0EO2EWx1WFOtEFioS5KN4PnqNrIvxWR07Wfn4RlqCZnyNIIHDZJXK-HkfHMuI5Br6F9b6vqdevo1tAhP8aMF8lkErztKuVzXv2Hx6P-_8QxuIM-pg73J_mO4mREdU3F_vgW95dm5f4Lm2dI8bfmAwelVs94vMB9Krg
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Seroprevalence+and+associated+risk+factors+for+bovine+leptospirosis+in+Egypt&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.au=Selim%2C+Abdelfattah&rft.au=Marzok%2C+Mohamed&rft.au=Gattan%2C+Hattan+S.&rft.au=Abdelhady%2C+Abdelhamed&rft.date=2024-02-26&rft.pub=Nature+Publishing+Group+UK&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft.volume=14&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41598-024-54882-4&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38409338&rft.externalDocID=PMC10897380
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon