On shear layer atomization within closed channels: Numerical simulations of a cough-replicating experiment
Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes place in the complex context of the respiratory system and develops very rapidly. In order to get further insights on the early spray generatio...
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| Published in | Computers & fluids Vol. 231; p. 105125 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Ltd
15.12.2021
Elsevier BV Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0045-7930 1879-0747 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.compfluid.2021.105125 |
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| Abstract | Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes place in the complex context of the respiratory system and develops very rapidly. In order to get further insights on the early spray generation, we introduce a simplified model of physiological coughing or sneezing, in the form of a thin liquid layer subject to a rapid (30 m/s) air stream. The setup is simulated using the Volume-Of-Fluid method with octree mesh adaptation, the latter allowing grid sizes small enough to capture the Kolmogorov length scale. The results confirm the trend to an intermediate distribution between a Log-Normal and a Pareto distribution P(d)∝d−3.3 for the distribution of droplet sizes in agreement with a previous re-analysis of experimental results by one of the authors. The mechanism of atomization does not differ qualitatively from the multiphase mixing layer experiments and simulations. No mechanism for a bimodal distribution, also sometimes observed, is evidenced in these simulations. |
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| AbstractList | Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes place in the complex context of the respiratory system and develops very rapidly. In order to get further insights on the early spray generation, we introduce a simplified model of physiological coughing or sneezing, in the form of a thin liquid layer subject to a rapid (30 m/s) air stream. The setup is simulated using the Volume-Of-Fluid method with octree mesh adaptation, the latter allowing grid sizes small enough to capture the Kolmogorov length scale. The results confirm the trend to an intermediate distribution between a Log-Normal and a Pareto distribution P(d)∝d−3.3 for the distribution of droplet sizes in agreement with a previous re-analysis of experimental results by one of the authors. The mechanism of atomization does not differ qualitatively from the multiphase mixing layer experiments and simulations. No mechanism for a bimodal distribution, also sometimes observed, is evidenced in these simulations. Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes place in the complex context of the respiratory system and develops very rapidly. In order to get further insights on the early spray generation, we introduce a simplified model of physiological coughing or sneezing, in the form of a thin liquid layer subject to a rapid (30 m/s) air stream. The setup is simulated using the Volume-Of-Fluid method with octree mesh adaptation, the latter allowing grid sizes small enough to capture the Kolmogorov length scale. The results confirm the trend to an intermediate distribution between a Log-Normal and a Pareto distribution Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes place in the complex context of the respiratory system and develops very rapidly. In order to get further insights on the early spray generation, we introduce a simplified model of physiological coughing or sneezing, in the form of a thin liquid layer subject to a rapid (30 m/s) air stream. The setup is simulated using the Volume-Of-Fluid method with octree mesh adaptation, the latter allowing grid sizes small enough to capture the Kolmogorov length scale. The results confirm the trend to an intermediate distribution between a Log-Normal and a Pareto distribution P (d) ⍺ d-3.3 for the distribution of droplet sizes in agreement with a previous re-analysis of experimental results by one of the authors. The mechanism of atomization does not differ qualitatively from the multiphase mixing layer experiments and simulations. No mechanism for a bimodal distribution, also sometimes observed, is evidenced in these simulations. |
| ArticleNumber | 105125 |
| Author | Pairetti, César Zaleski, Stéphane Villiers, Raphaël |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: César surname: Pairetti fullname: Pairetti, César organization: Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, UMR 7190, Paris, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Raphaël surname: Villiers fullname: Villiers, Raphaël organization: Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, UMR 7190, Paris, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Stéphane orcidid: 0000-0003-2004-9090 surname: Zaleski fullname: Zaleski, Stéphane email: stephane.zaleski@sorbonne-universite.fr organization: Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, UMR 7190, Paris, France |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1017/jfm.2018.825 10.1017/S0022172400019288 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2019.01.004 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.04.042 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103439 10.1080/15459620590918466 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.014005 10.1146/annurev.fluid.31.1.567 10.2514/3.9525 10.1007/s00348-015-2078-4 10.1017/jfm.2016.835 10.1016/j.jcp.2009.12.018 10.1063/5.0011960 10.1146/annurev.fluid.40.111406.102200 10.1017/S002211201000474X 10.1038/213095a0 10.1146/annurev-fluid-122316-045034 10.1017/jfm.2014.88 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.104502 |
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| Keywords | Covid Sneeze Droplets Pareto distribution Simulation Atomization |
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| Snippet | Aerosol generation during coughing and sneezing has gained major relevance due to the current COVID pandemic. The atomization involved in this process takes... |
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| SubjectTerms | Atomization Atomizing Biomechanics Chaotic Dynamics Computer Science Condensed Matter Covid Droplets Engineering Sciences Finite element method Fluids mechanics Mathematical models Mechanics Modeling and Simulation Nonlinear Sciences Octrees Pareto distribution Physics Respiratory system Shear layers Simulation Sneeze Sneezing Soft Condensed Matter |
| Title | On shear layer atomization within closed channels: Numerical simulations of a cough-replicating experiment |
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