Norovirus and MS2 inactivation kinetics of UV-A and UV-B with and without TiO2

• Published in: Water research (Oxford) Vol. 47; no. 15; pp. 5607 - 5613
• Main Authors: Lee, Jung Eun, Ko, GwangPyo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Bacteriophages; Bacteriophages - drug effects; Bacteriophages - radiation effects; Disinfection; Effectiveness; Exact sciences and technology; Groundwater; Human; humans; Inactivation; Kinetics; MS2 phage; Murine norovirus; Norovirus; Norovirus - drug effects; Norovirus - radiation effects; Pollution; Reduction; Titanium - pharmacology; Titanium dioxide; ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays; UV-A inactivation; UV-B inactivation; Viruses; Water treatment and pollution; UV-A inactivation; Norovirus; Murine norovirus; Titanium dioxide; UV-B inactivation; MS2 phage; Titanium IV Oxides; Microbiology; Picornaviridae; Phage MS2; Disinfection; Enterovirus; Virus; Ultraviolet radiation; Levivirus; Pathogenic; Metabolic inactivation; Leviviridae; Kinetics; Titanium oxide; Biological contamination; Comparative study; Phage; Ground water
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.035
• ISSN: 0043-1354; 1879-2448

Germicidal ultraviolet, such as 254-nm UV-C, is a common method of disinfection of pathogenic enteric viruses. However, the disinfection efficacies of UV-A or -B in terms of inactivating waterborne viruses such as norovirus have not been characterized. We evaluated the inactivation kinetics of MS2 bacteriophage and murine norovirus (MNV), a surrogate of human norovirus (NoV), by UV-A and -B. In addition to UV disinfection, we further investigated whether the presence of TiO2 could enhance the virus inactivation kinetics of UV-A and -B. Both MS2 and MNV were highly resistant to UV-A. However, the addition of TiO2 enhanced the efficacy of UV-A for inactivating these viruses. UV-A dose of 1379 mJ/cm2 resulted in a 4 log10 reduction. In comparison, UV-B alone effectively inactivated both MS2 and MNV, as evidenced by the 4 log10 reduction by 367 mJ/cm2 of UV-B. The addition of TiO2 increased the inactivation of MS2; however, it did not significantly increase the efficacy of UV-B disinfection for inactivating MNV. When these treatments were applied to field water such as groundwater, the results were generally consistent with the laboratory findings. Our results clearly indicated that UV-B is useful for the disinfection of waterborne norovirus. However, MNV was quite resistant to UV-A, and UV-A effectively inactivated the tested viruses only when used in combination with TiO2. [Display omitted] •We evaluated the inactivation kinetics of MS2 and MNV by UV-A and –B with/without TiO2.•UV-A effectively inactivated the tested viruses when used in combination with TiO2.•UV-B alone effectively inactivated both MS2 and MNV.•When these treatments were applied to field water, the results were generally consistent.